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to such application; and in case there is no such male relative known ot the applicant, a copy of such notice must be so served upon the public administrator of the county in which such homestead is situated; and in such case it is the duty of such public administrator to appear and represent the interest of such insane person. For all such services rendered by the public administrator he must be allowed a reasonable fee, to be fixed by the court, and the same must be taxed as costs against the person making application for the order herein provided for. 1905-726.

1269c. If it appears to the court that such husband or wife is hopelessly insane, the court may make an order permitting the husband or wife, not insane, to sell and convey, or mortgage, such homestead, and thereafter any sale, conveyance, or mortgage made in pursuance of such order is as valid and effectual as if the property affected thereby was the absolute property of the person making such sale, conveyance, or mortgage. If a sale is ordered it must be reported to and confirmed by the court. Such husband or wife must, before executing any mortgage or conveyance, give a bond, to be approved by the judge of the court, in double the amount of the mortgage, or double the value of the property to be sold, conditioned to account for the proceeds of the mortgage or sale and to apply such proceeds only as the court may direct. 1905-726.

TITLE VI.

Wills.

Chapter I. Execution and Revocation of Wills.

Section

II. Interpretation of Wills and Effects of Various Provisions.
III. General Provisions Relating to Wills.

CHAPTER I.

Execution and Revocation of Wills.

1270. Who may make a will. 1272. Will, procured by fraud. 1273. Married women.

1274. What may pass by will. 1275. Who may take by will. 1276. Written will how to be executed.

Section

1297. Antecedent non-revival generally.

1298. Revocation marriage, birth
of issue.

1299. Effect of marriage of a man
on his will.
1300. Woman, same.

1277. Definition of a holographic 1300a. Revocation by woman.

will.

1278. Witness to add residence. 1279. Mutual will.

1280. Competency of subscribing
witness.

1281. Conditional will.
1282. Gift, subscribing witnesses
void. Creditors competent,
witnesses.
1283. Witnesses, devisee without
will, succeeds to what.
1285. Will made out of this state.
1287. Republication by codicil.
1288. Nuncupative will, how exe-
cuted.

1289. Nuncupative wills-requisites.
1290. Proof nuncupative wills.
1291. Probate nuncupative wills.
1292. Written will, how revoked.
1293. Evidence of revocation.
1295. Revocation of duplicate.
1296. Revocation by subsequent
will.

1301. Contract of sale not a revocation.

1302. Mortgage not a revocation of will.

1303. Conveyance, when not a
revocation.

1304. When it is a revocation.
1305. Revocation of codicils.
1306. After-born children unpro-
vided to succeed.
1307. Children legatees generally.
1308. After born child as heir

generally.

1309. Advancements generally.
1310. Death of devisee generally.
1311. Devises of land, how con-
strued.

1312. Wills to pass rights after
the making thereof.
1313. Restriction bequest chari-
ties generally.

1270. Every person over the age of eighten years, of sound mind, mav. by last will, dispose of all his estate, real and personal, and such estate not disposed of by will is succeeded to as provided in title seven of this part, being chargeable in both cases with the payment of all the decedent's debts, as provided in the Code of Civil Procedure.

1272. A will, or part of a will, procured to be made by duress, menace, fraud, or undue influence, may be denied probate; and a revocation, procured by the same means, may be declared void.

1273. A married woman may dispose of all her separate estate by will, without the consent of her husband, and may alter or revoke the will in like manner as if she were single. Her will must be executed and proved in like manner as other wills. 1873-232.

1274. Every estate and interest in real or personal property, to which heirs, husband, widow, or next of kin might succeed, may be disposed of by will, except as otherwise provided in sections fourteen hundred and one and fourteen hundred and two.

1275. A testamentary disposition may be made to any person capable by law of taking the property so disposed of, except that corporations other than counties, municipal corporations, and corporations formed for scientific, literary, or solely educational or hospital purposes, or primarily for the public preservation of forests and natural scenery, cannot take under a will, unless expressly authorized by statute; subject, however, to the provisions of section one thousand three hundred thirteen. 1923.

1276. Every will, other than a nuncupative will, must be in writing; and every will, other than a holographic will, and a nuncupative will, must be executed and attested as follows:

1. It must be subscribed at the end thereof by the testator himself, or some person in his presence and by his direction must subscribe his name thereto;

2. The subscription must be made in the presence of the attesting witnesses, or be acknowledged by the testator to them to have been made by him or by his authority;

3. The testator must, at the time of subscribing or acknowledging the same, declare to the attesting witnesses that the instrument is his will; and,

4. There must be two attesting witnesses, each of whom must sign the same as a witness, at the end of the will, at the testator's request and in his presence. 1905-605.

1277. A holographic will is one that is entirely written, dated, and signed by the hand of the testator himself. It is subject to no other form, and may be made in or out of this state, and need not be witnessed.

1278. A witness to a written will must write, with his name, his place of residence; and a person who subscribes the testator's name, by his direction, must write his own name as a witness to the will. But a violation of this section does not affect the validity of the will.

1279. A conjoint or mutual will is valid, but it may be revoked by any of the testators, in like manner with any other will.

1280. If the subscribing witnesses to a will are competent at the time of attesting its execution, their subsequent incompetency, from whatever cause it may arise, does not prevent the probate and allowance of the will, if it is otherwise satisfactorily proved.

1281. A will, the validity of which is made by its own terms conditional, may be denied probate, according to the event, with reference to the condition.

1282. All beneficial devises, legacies, and gifts whatever, made or given in any will to a subscribing witness thereto, are void, unless there are two other competent subscribing witnesses to the same; but a mere charge on the estate of the testator for the payment of debts does not prevent his creditors from being competent witnesses to his will.

1283. If a witness, to whom any benefical devise, legacy, or gift, void by the preceding section, is made, would have been entitled to any share of the estate of the testator, in case the will should not be established, he succeeds to so much of the share as would be distributed to him, not exceeding the devise or bequest made to him in the will, and he may recover the same of the other devisees or legatees named in the will, in proportion to and out of the parts devised or bequeathed to them. 1873-232.

1285. No will made out of this state is valid as a will in this state, unless executed according to the provisions of this chapter, except that a will made in a state or country in which the testator is domiciled at the time of his death, and valid as a will under the laws of such state or country, is valid in this state so far as the same relates to personal property, subject, however, to the provisions of section thirteen hundred and thirteen. 1905-606.

1287. The execution of a codicil, referring to a previous will, has the effect to republish the will, as modified by the codicil.

1288. A nuncupative will is not required to be in writing, nor to be declared or attested with any formalities.

1289. To make a nuncupative will valid, and to entitle it to be admitted to probate, the following requisites must be observed:

One. The estate bequeathed must not exceed in value the sum of one thousand dollars.

Two. It must be proved by two witnesses who were present at the making thereof, one of whom was asked by the testator, at the time, to bear witness that such was his will, or to that effect.

Three. The decedent must, at the time, have been in actual military service in the field, or doing duty on shipboard at sea, and in either case in actual contemplation, fear, or peril of death, or the decedent must have been, at the time, in expectation of immediate death from an injury received the same day. 1873–233.

1290. No proof must be received of any nuncupative will, unless it is offered within six months after speaking the testamentary words, nor unless the words, or the substance thereof, were reduced to writing within thirty days after they were spoken.

1291. No probate of any nuncupative will must be granted for fourteen days after the death of the testator, nor must any nuncupative will be at any time proved, unless the testamentary words, or the substance thereof, be first committed to writing, and process issued to call in the widow, or other persons interested, to contest the probate of such will, if they think proper.

1292. Except in the cases in this chapter mentioned, no written will, nor any part thereof, can be revoked or altered otherwise than: 1. By a written will, or other writing of the testator, declaring such revocation or alteration, and executed with the same formalities with which a will should be executed by such testator; or,

2. By being burnt, torn, canceled, obliterated, or destroyed, with the intent and for the purpose of revoking the same, by the testator himself, or by some person in his presence and by his direction.

1293. When a will is canceled or destroyed by any other person than the testator, the direction of the testator, and the fact of such injury or destruction, must be proved by two witnesses.

1295. The revocation of a will, executed in duplicate, may be made by revoking one of the duplicates.

1296. A prior will is not revoked by a subsequent will, unless the latter contains an express revocation, or provisions wholly inconsistent with the terms of the former will; but in other cases the prior will remains effectual so far as consistent with the provisions of the subsequent will.

1297. If, after making a will, the testator duly makes and executes a second will, the destruction, cancellation, or revocation of such second will does not revive the first will, unless it appears by the terms of such revocation that it was the intention to revive and give effect to the first will, or unless, after such destruction, cancellation, or revocation, the first will is duly republished.

1298. If, after having made a will, the testator marries, and has issue of such marriage, born either in his lifetime or after his death, and the wife or issue survives him, the will is revoked, unless provision has been made for such issue by some settlement, or unless such issue are provided for in the will, or in such way mentioned therein as to show an intention not to make such provision; and no other evidence to rebut the presumption of such revocation can be received.

1299. If, after making a will, the testator marries, and the wife survives the testator, the will is revoked, unless provision has been made for her by marriage contract, or unless she is provided for in the will, or in such way mentioned therein as to show an intention not to make such provision; and no other evidence to rebut the presumption of revocation must be received.

1300. If, after making a will, the testatrix marries, and the husband survives the testatrix, the will is revoked, unless provision has been made for him by marriage contract, or unless he is provided for in the will, or in such way mentioned therein as to show an intention not to make such provision; and no other evidence to rebut the presumption of revocation can be received. 1919-1239.

1300a. If, after making a will, the testatrix marries, and has issue of said marriage, born either in her lifetime or after her death, and the husband or issue survives her, the will is revoked, unless provision has been made for such issue by some settlement, or unless such issue are provided for in the will, or in such way mentioned therein as to show an intention not to make such provision; and no other evidence to rebut the presumption of such revocation can be received. 19191240.

1301. An agreement made by a testator, for the sale or transfer of property disposed of by a will previously made, does not revoke such disposal; but the property passes by the will, subject to the same remedies on the testator's agreement, for a specific performance or otherwise against the devisees or legatees, as might be had against the testator's successors, if the same had passed by succession.

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