such license.

The board shall establish and cause to be recorded a schedule of the minimum requirements and rules for the recognition of medical colleges, so as to keep these requirements up to the average standard of medical education in other states. "After the year 1897 no change shall be made in such schedules of requirements in any year after the month of January of such year, nor shall any change be made to have any retroactive effect, or that shall affect students theretofore matriculated. Such record shall be at all times open to examination by the public, and the said schedules of requirements after they have been established and recorded, and all changes made therein, shall be printed in circular form, and mailed to all medical colleges in the state, and shall also be furnished to any person upon application. Said board shall not, in the establishment of the aforesaid schedule or requirements, discriminate for or against any school or system of medicine, nor shall it prescribe what system or systems or schools of medicine shall be taught in any of the colleges, universitiees or other educational institutions of the state. It shall have the power to make and establish all necessary rules and regulations for the reciprocal recognition of certificates issued by other states and to prevent unjust and arbitrary exclusions by other states of graduates in medicine from this state who have fulfilled its requirements."

No certificates shall be issued to any person whomsoever until he shall have satisfied the board that he has graduated at a reputable medical college, maintaining a standard of medical education as prescribed and shall have passed a satisfactory examination as to his qualifications to practice. The applicant shall have the right to designate, in writing, at the time he files his application, the member of the board who shall conduct his first examination in materia medica, therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology.

The board, at its discretion, may authorize the secretary to issue a temporary permit to an applicant for the interim from date of application until the next regular meeting of the board. The state board of medical registration and examination shall have the right to review the evidence upon which a license has been obtained, and if it shall be found that a license has been obtained by fraud or misrepresentation, the board may revoke such license. The board (may) refuse to grant a certificate to any person guilty of felony or gross immorality, or addicted to the use of liquor or drug habit to such a degree as to render him unfit to practice medicine or surgery. If any person holding a license under the provisions of this act shall be guilty of any of the above enumerated acts or shall have procured a certificate or license by

fraud or misrepresentation, the board may, after notice and hearing, revoke any license which has heretofore been or may hereafter be issued to him, together with the certificate upon which such license has been or may be issued.

Appeal is provided for. Midwives also have license and if without diplomas, must pass a satisfactory examination. The usual exception is made as not discriminating against different systems and schools of medicine, midwives, United States surgeons, consultants, or physicians whose practice extends from a neighboring state, and medical students under a registered physician for a period of two years.

"Section 8. To open an office for such purpose or to announce to the public in any way a readiness to practice medicine in any county of the state or to prescribe for, or to give surgical assistance to, or to heal, cure or relieve, or to attempt to heal, cure or relieve those suffering from injury or deformity, or disease of mind or body, or to advertise, or to announce to the public in any manner a readiness or ability to heal, cure or relieve those who may be suffering from injury or deformity, or disease of mind or body, shall be to engage in the practice of medicine, within the meaning of this act: Provided that nothing in this act shall be construed to apply or to limit in any manner the manufacture or sale of proprietary medicines. It shall also be regarded as practicing medicine, within the meaning of this act, if any one shall use in connection with his or her name the words or letters "Dr.," "Doctor," "Professor," "M.D.,” or “Healer," or any other title, word letter or designation intending to imply or designate him or her as a practitioner of medicine or surgery in any of its branches. Provided, that this act shall not be construed to apply to non-itinerant opticians who are at this time engaged in the practice of optometry in this state nor to professional or other nurses."

The board may grant limited certificates, which shall authorize the proper clerk to issue to the holder a license to practice osteopathy only. Such certificates shall be issued on the same terms and conditions as others, except that the applicant therefor shall not be required to pass an examination in materia medica, nor shall the college from which he presents a diploma be required to conform to the standard fixed as to instructions in materia medica, but such college shall so conform in all other branches of instruction. Such license shall not authorize the holder to administer or to prescribe or use on any other than himself any drugs or medicines, and any such administration, prescription or use of any drug or medicine by the person holding such limited license shall be practicing medicine without a license, and such person shall be punished therefor as others are punished for practicing medicine without a license.

Fee for examination, $25, good also for one other examination within the year. Fee for examination of midwives, $10. Certificate must be recorded with county clerk in county of residence. Regular meetings of board at Indianapolis on the second Tuesday of January and July of each year. Special meetings as necessary. Secretary board of medical registration and examination, Dr. W. T. Gott, Crawfordsville.

IOWA.

The following is taken from the circular of information of the Iowa State Board of Medical Examiners:

"Section 2576 makes the physicians of the state board of health (seven, including two homeopaths and one eclectic, appointed by the governor), the board of medical examiners, and the secretary of the former board the secretary of the latter; provides for meetings in May and November and oftener if deemed necessary; provides for issuing a certificate upon proper application and prescribes the fee therefor. It prescribes the method of examination, and states that a failure to pass the examination will entitle the candidate to a reexamination without additional fee. Section 2577 requires that before beginning the practice the certificate shall be registered with the county recorder of the county in which the holder thereof resides, and in any other county of the state to which he may remove to practice. The fee for such record is fifty cents. Section 2578 declares that a certificate may be refused to any one otherwise qualified who is not of good moral character; and for like cause, or incompetency, or habitual intoxication, or upon proper evidence that a certificate had been granted upon false or fraudulent statements as to graduation or length of practice, may revoke the same; provided that such revocation can only be made by an affirmative vote of at least five members of the board, and this number shall embrace at least one or more members of the different schools of practice of the board; and further, that the standing of a legally chartered medical school can only be questioned by a like vote. Section 2579 says that anyone shall be regarded as a physician under the meaning of the law who shall publicly profess to be a physician, surgeon or obstetrician, and assume the duties thereof, or who shall make a practice of prescribing and furnishing medicine for the sick, and who shall publicly profess to cure or heal. The following persons are exempt from the provisions of the law: Medical students who have attended not less than two full courses of lectures in a reputable medical college, who may prescribe under the supervision of a preceptor or gratuitous services in cases of emergency; surgeons of the United States army, navy, or marine-hospital service; physicians and midwives who have previously obtained certificates on length of

practice without diploma or examination; physicians who, without such certificate, have been in practice in Iowa for five consecutive years, three years in one locality; registered pharmacists, filling prescriptions; advertising or selling patent or proprietary medicines or natural mineral water flowing from wells or springs.

For pre

"Section 2580 prescribes penalties as follows: senting to the board of medical examiners a fraudulent or false diploma, or one of which the holder is not the rightful owner, in order to procure a certificate; or for filing or attempting to file with the county recorder the certificate of another; or for practicing without obtaining and recording the required certificate; or for continuing to practice after the certificate has been revoked-unless embraced in the exceptions of Section 2579-the offense is declared a misdemeanor, and the fine not less than $300 no more than $500 and imprisonment in the county jail until such fine is paid. Any one who shall attempt to file with the county recorder the certificate of another person, with the name of the party to whom it was issued erased and the claimant's name inserted, or shall attempt to file with the board of medical examiners any false affidavit of identification, shall be guilty of forgery. Section 2581 declares an itinerant physician to be a physician practicing medicine, surgery or obstetrics, or professing or attempting to treat, cure or heal diseases, ailments or injuries by any medicines, appliance or method, who goes from place to place, or from house to house, or by circular, letters or advertisements, asks persons to meet him for such treatment at places other than at his office at his place of residence, and requires all such, in addition to the ordinary physician's certificate, to procure an itinerant's license from the state board of medical examiners, for which he shall pay to the state treasurer the sum of $250 per annum. The penalty for itinerating without such license is the same as for practicing as a physician without a certificate. The board may, for cause, refuse to issue such license, or having issued it, may revoke it for incompetency or gross immorality. This section does not prevent a physician from attending patients in any part of the state, to whom he may be called in the regular course of business, nor from consulting with other physicians.

"Section 2582 provides that after Jan 1, 1899, no person can begin the practice of medicine in Iowa, excepting upon examination; that no person can be admitted to examination except upon graduation from a medical college recognized by the board as of good standing, and that no college can be so recognized by the board that does not require of those graduating after Jan. 1, 1899, attendance upon four full courses of study of not less than twenty-six weeks each, no two of

which courses shall have been given in any one year, as a condition of such graduation. This section was amended by the 28th G. A. so as to require the board of medical examiners to examine the graduates of Iowa medical colleges who desire certificates at the time of graduation and at the place where the college is located. The fee for examination was reduced from $20 to $10. Section 2583 provides for the payment of $8 per day to the members of the board for each day actually spent in the work of the board, and a salary of $25 per month for the secretary,” in addition to his salary as secretary of the state board of health. The board meets for examining candidates for license at Des Moines two weeks before the first Wednesdays of February, May, August and November. Secretary state board of medical examiners, Dr. J. F. Kennedy, Des Moines.

KANSAS.

The law passed March 22, 1901, provides for the appointment of a board of registration and examination of seven members, no one school of medicine to have a majority, and that "All persons intending to practice medicine, surgery or osteopathy after the passage of this act shall apply to said board at any regular meeting, or any other time or place as may be designated by the board, for a license. Application shall be made in writing, and shall be accompanied by the fee specified, together with the age and residence of the applicant, proof that he or she is of good moral character, and satisfactory evidence that he or she has devoted not less than four periods of not less than six months each, no two in the same twelve months, to the study of medicine. Candidates shall submit to an examination of a character to test their qualifications as practitioners of medicine or surgery, and which shall embrace all those topics and subjects a knowledge of which is generally required by reputable medical colleges of the United States for the degree of Doctor of Medicine; provided that the examination in materia medica and therapeutics and in the theory and practice of medicine shall be conducted by those members only of the board who are of the same school of practice as the applicant claims to follow; provided, further, that any graduate of a legally chartered school of osteopathy wherein the requirements for the giving of a diploma shall include a course of instruction of not less than four terms of five months each, in two or more separate years, shall be given a certificate of license to practice osteopathy upon the presentation of such diploma.

"Section 4. On the completion of the examination the said board shall, if it finds the applicant qualified, grant a certificate to said applicant to practice medicine and surgery within this state, and which shall be signed by the president and