cians' Register," and for such services the county clerk shall receive from the applicant the same fees as are allowed to the register of deeds for the recording of conveyances.

"The board may refuse certificates to persons guilty of unprofessional or dishonorable conduct, and it may revoke certificates for like cause; provided always, that they have given the person an opportunity to be heard in his or her defense." Nebraska also has a special act which defines unprofessional conduct.

Section 17 defines a practitioner as follows: "Any person shall be regarded as practicing medicine within the meaning of this act who shall operate or profess to heal or prescribe for or otherwise treat any physical or mental ailment of another. But nothing in this act shall be construed to prohibit gratuitous services in cases of emergency, and this act shall not apply to commissioned surgeons of the United States Army or Navy nor to nurses in their legitimate occupations, nor to the administration of ordinary household remedies."

Section 16, "Unlawful Practicing," says: "Any person not possessing the qualifications for the practice of medicine, surgery or obstetrics required by the provisions of this act, or any person who has not complied with the provisions of this act, who shall engage in the practice of medicine, surgery or obstetrics or any of the branches thereof in this state shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction thereof shall be fined in any sum not less than $50 nor more than $300, and cost of prosecution for each offense, and shall stand committed until such fines and costs are paid."

SEC. 19. Every holder of a diploma from a recognized medical college within the state of Nebraska, making application for an examination and certificate under the provisions of this act, shall pay to the board of secretaries prior to his examination the sum of ten ($10) dollars. All other persons

making such application shall pay to said board the sum of twenty-five dollars ($25). All such fees shall be equally divided among the four secretaries of the board as full compensation for their services and expenses. For the taking of any testimony each of the secretaries shall be entitled to charge and receive such fees as are provided for notaries public for similar services. No part of such fees shall be paid out of the state treasury.

This act shall take effect and be in force from and after Aug. 1, 1903.

SPECIAL RULES OF BOARD.

Each applicant for examination must present to the board letters of recommendation from two registered physicians of the state or such others as may be satisfactory to the board.

No medical school recognized by the board unless said school

is recognized by the Association of Medical Colleges of the school of practice to which it belongs.

Applications must be on file at least ten days before the date of examination.

George H. Brash, secretary, Beatrice.

NEVADA.

The governor appoints a mixed board of medical examiners, which issues two forms of certificates, one for persons who present to it satisfactory diplómas or licenses, and the other for candidates who may be examined by the board, and "whenever a certificate is issued by said board, it shall notify the respective county clerks of the several counties within the state of the issuance of such certificate or certificates; and it shall be the duty of said clerks to keep and file said notices and also keep a list of the persons to whom issued.

"It shall also issue a certificate to any person who has had issued to him a diploma or license from any reputable school or college of medicine and surgery which is located without the United States, on the applicant being found competent, after having passed a satisfactory examination by the said board. When the board is not in session its secretary may issue a temporary certificate whenever the applicant shall have deposited the usual fee and filed his diploma or license with him, and such temporary certificate shall entitle the holder to practice until the next regular meeting of said board. And all examinations of applicants to practice shall be thorough and searching, and shall be in the following branches: Anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica, therapeutics, principles and practice of medicine, principles and practice of surgery, gynecology, obstetrics, ophthalmology, pathology, and all subjects relating to the practice of medicine and surgery. The board may judge whether the college or institution which issued any diploma or license presented to it is reputable and legally chartered and worthy of recognition, subject to the action of the courts in cases of abuse of its discretion in this respect."

The fee for certificate is $25. Certificates must be recorded with county recorder. "Any person shall be regarded as practicing medicine within the meaning of this act, who shall profess publicly to be a physician or surgeon, or who shall prescribe for the sick or profess to cure the sick by the administration of drugs or other means, or shall append to his name the letters M.D.; but nothing in this act shall be construed to prohibit any gratuitous services in cases of emergency, or to commissioned surgeons in the United States army or navy."

t

Regular meetings of the board occur on first Mondays in May and November. Secretary state board of medical examiners, Dr. S. L. Lee, Carson City.

NEW HAMPSHIRE.

The law provides for three boards of examiners, appointed by the governor, representing the regular, eclectic and homeopathic state societies. Το be admitted to examination for license to practice medicine, the candidate must be over 21, of good moral character, have a college degree or education equivalent to a full course in a registered academy or high school, and have studied medicine not less than four full school years, including four satisfactory courses of not less than six months each in four different calendar years, and must either have received the degree of bachelor or doctor of medicine from some registered medical school, or a diploma or license conferring full right to practice medicine in some foreign country. Five or more years of reputable practice may be taken as equivalent for part of the preliminary education or four-course requirements, provided the substitution is stated in the license. The fee for examination is $10. Second examination permitted after six months' additional study without additional fee. The usual exceptions of government officials, consultants from outside, etc., are made, but by a recent amendment physicians in summer hotels must be licensed. Christian scientists, magnetic healers, clairvoyants, etc., exempted from provisions of this act, if they do not call themselves doctors or M.D.'s. The superintendent of public instruction, Channing Folsom, Concord, is the regent of the board. Examination is held at Concord at least twice a year. The law contains a reciprocity clause, but it is not enforced, as it is not mandatory. Penalties for illegal practice are provided for by the law.

NEW JERSEY.

An Act to regulate the practice of medicine and surgery, to license physicians and surgeons, and to punish persons violating the provisions thereof. Approved May 22, 1894. Chapter CCCVI.

Amended as to the third, fourth and ninth sections, and approved April 8, 1903, Chapter CCXXVIII.

1. Be it enacted by the Senate and General Assembly of the State of New Jersey, That the governor shall appoint, by and with the advice and consent of the senate, a board of examiners to be known as the state board of medical examiners, said board to consist of nine members, who shall be persons of recognized professional ability and honor; the

terms of office of said board shall be three years, or until their successors are appointed; provided, however, that the members of the board first appointed shall be divided into three classes, each class to consist of three persons; the first class shall hold office under said appointment for one year, the second for two years and the third for three years from the date of their appointment, and thereafter each member shall be appointed for a term of three years, and provided further, that said board shall consist of five old-school physicians, three homeopathic and one eclectic; said appointees shall, within thirty days after the receipt of the respective commissions, take, subscribe and file, in the office of the secretary of state, the oath or affirmation prescribed by law.

2. And be it enacted, That said board shall elect a president, a secretary and a treasurer from its membership; it shall have a common seal, and its president shall be empowered to issue subpoenas and to administer oaths in taking testimony in any matter pertaining to the duties of said board; it shall make and adopt all necessary rules, regulations and by-laws not inconsistent with the laws of this state or of the United States, whereby to perform the duties and to transact the business required under the provisions of this act.

3. And be it enacted, That said board shall hold meetings for examinations at the capitol building of this state on the third Tuesday of June and October of each year, and at such other times and places as the board may deem expedient; said board shall keep an official record of all its meetings, and an official register of all applicants for a license to practice medicine and surgery in this state; said register shall show the name, age, nativity, last and intended place of residence, of each candidate, the time he or she has spent in obtaining a competent academic education, as hereinafter provided, and in medical study, in or out of medical school, and the names and location of all medical schools or examining and licensing boards which have granted said applicant any degree or certificate of attendance upon lectures upon medicine and surgery or state examinations; said register shall also show whether said applicant was examined, licensed or rejected under this act, and said register shall be prima facie evidence of all matters therein contained.

4. And be it enacted, That all persons hereafter commencing the practice of medicine or surgery in any of its branches in this state shall apply to said board for a license so to do; applicants for examination shall present to the secretary of this board, at least ten days before the commencement of the examination at which he or she is to be examined, a written application on a form or forms provided by said board, to

gether with satisfactory proof that the applicant is more than twenty-one years of age, is of good moral character, has obtained at least a certificate or diploma issued after four years of study either in a normal, manual training or high school of the first grade in this state, or in a legally constituted academy, seminary or institute of equal grade, or a student's certificate of examination for admission to the freshman class of a reputable literary college, or has received an academic education considered and accepted by the state superintendent of public instruction as fully equivalent, and has either received a diploma conferring the degree of doctor of medicine from some legally incorporated medical college (which in the opinion of said board was in good standing at the time of issuing said diploma) in the United States, or a diploma or license conferring the full right to practice all the branches of medicine and surgery in some foreign country, and has also studied medicine not less than four full school years of at least nine months each, including four satisfactory courses of lectures of at least seven months each, in four different calendar years in some legally incorporated American or foreign medical college or colleges prior to the granting of said diploma or foreign license; provided, however, that candidates for license who graduated prior to July fourth, one thousand nine hundred and three, and have been in continuous and reputable practice for at least five years since graduation, may be admitted to the examinations of this board upon certified and satisfactory evidence of moral character and of three courses of medical lectures in different calendar years and of a competent academic education according to the standard of that time, as determined in the case of non-graduates of academic institutions by the state superintendent of public instruction; provided, however, that such substitution and exemption be specified in the license; provided further, that candidates for license who graduated prior to July fourth, one thousand eight hundred and ninety-four, and have been in continuous and reputable practice since graduation, may be admitted to the examinations of this board upon certified and satisfactory evidence of moral character and of two courses of medical lectures in different calendar years and of a competent academic education according to the standard of that time, as determined in the case of non-graduates of academic institutions by the state superintendent of public instruction; and provided further, that such substitution and exemption be specified in the license; and if said application is approved and the said applicant shall have deposited the sum of twenty-five dollars with the treasurer of such board as an examination fee, and said applicant may, in case of failure to pass the examination, be re-examined at any regular examination within one year without the payment of an ad