Goldsmith having said, that Garrick's compliment to the Queen, which he introduced into the play of "The Chances," which he had altered and revised this year, was mean and gross flattery (1);-JOHNSon. "Why, Sir, I would not write, I would not give solemnly under my hand, a character beyond what I thought really true; but a speech on the stage, let it flatter ever so extravagantly, is formular. It has always been formular to flatter kings and queens ; so much so, that even in our church-service we have our most religious king,' used indiscriminately, whoever is king. Nay, they even flatter themselves; we have been graciously pleased to grant.' No modern flattery, however, is so gross as that of the Augustan age, where the emperor was deified; Præsens Divus habebitur Augustus.' And as to meanness”—(rising into warmth)—" how is it mean in a player, a showman, a fellow who exhibits himself for a shilling, to flatter his queen? The attempt, indeed, was dangerous; for if it had missed, what became of Garrick, and what became of the queen? As Sir William Temple says of a great general, it is necessary not only that his designs be formed in a masterly manner, but that they should be attended with success. Sir, it is right, at a time when the royal family is not generally liked, to let it be seen that the people like at least one of them." SIR JOSHUA REynolds.

(1) [DON JOHN. "Ay; but when things are at the worst they'll mend: example does every thing, and the fair sex will certainly grow better, whenever the greatest is the best woman in the kingdom." Act v. sc. 2.]

"I do not perceive why the profession of a player should be despised; for the great and ultimate end of all the employments of mankind is to produce amusement. Garrick produces more amusement than any body." BoSWELL. "You say, Dr. Johnson, that Garrick exhibits himself for a shilling. In this respect he is only on a footing with a lawyer, who exhibits himself for his fee, and even will maintain any nonsense or absurdity, if the case require it. Garrick refuses a play or a part which he does not like: a lawyer never refuses." JOHNSON. " Why, Sir, what does this prove? only that a lawyer is worse. Boswell is now like Jack in The Tale of a Tub' ('), who, when he is puzzled by an argument, hangs himself. He thinks I shall cut him down, but I'll let him hang" — (laughing vociferously). SIR JOSHUA REYNOLDS. "Mr. Boswell thinks that the profession of a lawyer being unquestionably honourable, if he can show the profession of a player to be more honourable, he proves his argu

ment."

(1) [The allusion is not to the Tale of a Tub, but to the History of John Bull, chap. xiii.]

279

CHAPTER X.

1773.

Dinner at Topham Beauclerk's.

The Club.― Goldsmith in Company, and in his Study. - His Roman History.— 66 Talking for Victory." Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress. Monuments in St. Paul's.- Milton.· · Butler. "The Whole Duty of Man." Puns. Lay Patronage.

-

The Bread

Reasoning of Brutes.
Doctrine of the Trinity.
Invocation of Saints.

-Male Succession.- Influence of the Seasons on the Mind. Projected Visit to the Hebrides.

ON Friday, April 30., I dined with him at Mr. Beauclerk's, where were Lord Charlemont, Sir Joshua Reynolds, and some more members of the LITERARY CLUB, whom he had obligingly invited to meet me, as I was this evening to be balloted for as candidate for admission into that distinguished society. Johnson had done me the honour to propose me, and Beauclerk was very zealous for me.

Goldsmith being mentioned: JOHNSON. "It is amazing how little Goldsmith knows. He seldom comes where he is not more ignorant than any one SIR JOSHUA REYNOLDS. "Yet there is no man whose company is more liked." JOHNSON. "To

else."

6

be sure, Sir. When people find a man of the most distinguished abilities as a writer, their inferior while he is with them, it must be highly gratifying to them. What Goldsmith comically says of himself is very true, - he always gets the better when he argues alone; meaning, that he is master of a subject in his study, and can write well upon it; but when he comes into company, grows confused, and unable to talk. Take him as a poet, his Traveller' is a very fine performance; ay, and so is his 'Deserted Village,' were it not sometimes too much the echo of his Traveller.' Whether, indeed, we take him as a poet, as a comic writer, or as an historian, he stands in the first class." BOSWELL." An historian! My dear Sir, you surely will not rank his compilation of the Roman History with the works of other historians of this age ?" JOHNSON. " Why, who are before him?" BOSWELL. "Hume,-Robertson, - Lord Lyttelton." JOHNSON (his antipathy to the Scotch beginning to rise). "I have not read Hume; but, doubtless, Goldsmith's History is better than the verbiage of Robertson, or the foppery of Dalrymple." BOSWELL. "Will you not admit the superiority of Robertson, in whose History (1) we find such penetration, such painting?" JOHNSON. "Sir, you must consider how that penetration and that painting are employed. It is not history, it is imagination. He who describes what he never saw, draws from fancy. Robertson paints minds as Sir

(1) [Robertson's Charles V. and Goldsmith's Roman History were both published in 1769.]

Joshua paints faces in a history-piece: he imagines an heroic countenance. You must look upon

Robertson's work as romance, and try it by that standard. History it is not. Besides, Sir, it is the great excellence of a writer to put into his book as much as his book will hold. Goldsmith has done this in his History. Now Robertson might have put twice as much into his book. Robertson is like a man who has packed gold in wool: the wool takes up more room than the gold. No, Sir; I always thought Robertson would be crushed by his own weight,―would be buried under his own ornaments. Goldsmith tells you shortly all you want to know: Robertson detains you a great deal too long. No man will read Robertson's cumbrous detail a second time; but Goldsmith's plain narrative will please again and again. I would say to Robertson what an old tutor of a college said to one of his pupils: 'Read over your compositions, and wherever you meet with a passage which you think is particularly fine, strike it out.' Goldsmith's abridgement is better than that of Lucius Florus or Eutropius; and I will venture to say, that if you compare him with Vertot, in the same places of the Roman History, you will find that he excels Vertot. Sir, he has the art of compiling, and of saying every thing he has to say in a pleasing manner. He is now writing a Natural History, and will entertaining as a Persian tale."

make it as

I cannot dismiss the present topic without observing, that it is probable that Dr. Johnson, who owned that he often "talked for victory," rather