STANDARD TEXT-BOOKS. WORKS BY WILLIAM RAMSAY, M.A., Trinity College, Cambridge, late Professor of Humanity in the University of Glasgow. In crown 8vo, cloth. With I. A MANUAL OF ROMAN ANTIQUITIES: Law, Constitution, III. A MANUAL OF LATIN PROSODY. Illustrated by Copious Sizth Edition. 58. WORKS BY C. T. CRUTTWELL, M.A., I. A HISTORY OF ROMAN LITERATURE from the EARLIEST "Mr. CRUTTWELL has done a real service to all Students of the Latin Language and LiteraFull of good scholarship and good criticism."-Athenæum. ture.... Companion Volume. Second Edition. II. SPECIMENS OF ROMAN LITERATURE from the EARLIEST PERIOD to the TIMES of the ANTONINES. Price 10s. 6d. Part I.-ROMAN THOUGHT: Religion, Philosophy & Science, Art & Letters. 65. Part II.-ROMAN STYLE: Descriptive, Rhetorical, and Humorous Passages. 58, Edited by C. T. CRUTTWELL, M.A., Merton College, Oxford; and PEAKE BANTON, B.A., sometime Scholar of Jesus College, Cambridge. With Synopsis and Indices complete. "A work with a standing-ground of its own. . . . Not only useful, but necessary, for many classes of readers. The sound judgment exercised in arranging the plan, and in the selection of the Passages, calls for hearty commendation."-Saturday Review, VIRGILII OPERA: Edited by A. HAMILTON BRYCE, D.C.L., LL.D., Senior Classical Moderator in the University of Dublin. Text from HEYNE and WAGNER. English Notes, original and selected from the leading German and English Commentators. Illustrations from the antique. Fourteenth Edition. Complete in One Volume, fcap. 8vo, cloth, 6s. Or, in Three Parts 2s. 6d. 2s. 6d. "Contains the pith of what has been written by the best scholars on the subject. . . . The notes comprise everything that the student can want."-Athenæum. Uniform with the above. HORATII OPERA: Edited by JOSEPH CURRIE, formerly Head Classical Master in Glasgow Academy. Text from ORELLIUS. English Notes, original and selected from the best Commentators. Illustrations from the antique. Complete in One Volume, fcap. 8vo, cloth, 5s. Or, in Two Parts→ "The notes are excellent and exhaustive."-Quarterly Journal of Education. THE VOCABULARY OF PHILOSOPHY: A Dictionary of Philosophical Terms, Mental, Moral, and Metaphysical. With Quotations and References for the Use of Students. By WILLIAM FLEMING, D.D., late Prof. of Moral Philosophy in the University of Glasgow. Edited by HENRY CALDERWOOD, LL.D., Prof. of Moral Philosophy in the University of Edinburgh. Crown 8vo, cloth, bevelled, 10s. 6d. Third Edition. LONDON: CHARLES GRIFFIN AND COMPANY. WITH AN ADDITIONAL CHAPTER ON RECENT LITERATURE, BY HENRY CRAIK, M.A., AUTHOR OF "LIFE OF SWIFT," C. LONDON: CHARLES GRIFFIN AND COMPANY, EXETER STREET, STRAND. (All rights reserved.) 1883 9 JAN 161884 LONDON: PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, STAMFORD STREET AND CHARING CROSS, PREFACE TO THE NINTH EDITION. IN preparing a new Edition of this work for the press, the Publishers deemed that its usefulness might be increased by an additional chapter, dealing more fully with the Prose Literature of the earlier part of the century, and with the different phases of our Literature from the beginning of the Victorian age. In former editions these were very shortly summarized. While no change has been made in the other parts of the book, the sections following p. 511 are, therefore, either altogether new, or have been so much re-cast that only a few sentences of the former summary are retained. The difficulties in the way of reducing any sketch of Contemporary Literature to the proportions of a Manual are sufficiently obvious. It is in regard to this literature that the individual taste of each reader tells most powerfully on his judgment: and yet any decided expression of opinion on questions which are still matters of controversy must necessarily be out of place. It has been thought that the purpose of the book would best be served by rigidly avoiding disputed points of criticism, and dwelling only upon those features of recent literature, the impression of which is most distinct, and may, with some confidence, be expected to be most permanent. The Series of Test-Questions, appended at the request of the Publishers, will, it is hoped, prove of service to Students, especially to such as are studying alone. April, 1883. H. C. ADVERTISEMENT. THE present volume consists of so much of a larger work recently published on the same subject as seemed sufficient to make a convenient and comprehensive text-book for schools and colleges, and to supply all the information needed by students in preparing themselves for the Civil Service and other competitive examinations. The concluding section is nearly all that has been added. The reader will do well to keep in mind, or under his eye, the four following Schemes, or Synoptical Views, according to which the history of the English Language in its entire extent may be methodized :— |