sold in this State shall be distinctly and durably labeled "imitation fruit, jelly, jam or butter," with the name and address of manufacturer or dealer who sells same.

$22. EXTRACTS TO BE LABELED.]

Extracts made of more than one principle must be labeled with the name of each principle or else simply with the name of the inferior or adulterant.

In all cases when an extract is labeled with two or more names the type used is to be similar in size, and the name of any one of the articles used is not to be given greater prominence than another. The word compound can not be used. Extracts which can not be made from the fruit berry or bean, and must necessarily be made artificially, as raspberry, strawberry, etc., shall be labeled "artificial." Chocolates and cocoas must not contain substances other than cocoa mass, sugar and flavoring and will not be required to be labeled "compound" or "mixture." Prepared cocoanut, if so labeled, shall contain nothing but cocoanut, sugar and glycerine, and shall not be classed as compound or mixture.

$23. PUNISHMENT FOR FALSE BRAND OR LABEL.] Whoever shall falsely brand, mark, stencil or label any article or product required by this Act to be branded, marked, stenciled or labeled, or shall remove, alter, deface, mutilate, obliterate, imitate or counterfeit, any brand, mark, stencil or label so required, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine of not less than $25 nor more than $200 and cost of prosecution, or by imprisonment in the county jail for not less than 30 days nor more than 90 days, or by both such fine and imprisonment, in the discretion of the court, for each and every offense.

§24. TAKING ORDERS DEEMED A SALE.] The taking of orders or the making of agreements or contracts, by any person, firm or corporation, or by any agent or representative thereof, for the future delivery of any of the articles, products, goods, wares or merchandise embraced within the provisions of this Act, shall be deemed a sale within the meaning of this Act.

$25. PERSONS OFFERING GOODS FOR SALE TO FURNISH SAMPLES.] Every person manufacturing, offering or exposing for sale or delivery, to a purchaser any article intended for food, shall furnish to any person or analyst or other officer or agent appointed hereunder who shall apply to him for the purpose, and shall tender him the value of the same, a sample sufficient for the analysis of any such article which is in his possession. Whoever hinders, obstructs or in any way interferes with any inspector, analyst or other officer appointed hereunder, in the performance of his duty, and whoever wilfully neglects or refuses to do any of the acts or things enjoined by this Act, or in any way violates any of the provisions of this Act, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall, where no special penalty is prescribed by this Act, be punished by a fine not exceeding $200 nor less than $25, or by imprisonment in the county jail for a period not exceeding 90 days, or by both such fine and imprisonment, in the discretion of the court.

$26. REPEAL.] All Acts and parts of Acts inconsistent with this Act, and section 6 of an Act entitled, "An Act to prevent the adulteration of butter and cheese, or the sale or disposal of the same, or the manufacture or sale of any article as a substitute for butter or cheese, or any article to be used as butter and cheese," approved June 1, 1881, be, and they are hereby repealed. §27. PENALTIES SUSPENDED.] For the purpose of enabling dealers in products affected by this Act to dispose of same without loss, it is hereby expressly provided that the penalties of this Act and prosecution under same, are suspended until the first 'day of July, 1900. Approved April 24, 1899.

RULES ADOPTED BY THE STATE FOOD COMMISSION.

The work of the State Food Commission is in its incipient and experimental stage. Many of the questions presented for consideration are new to the commissioner, and the duties of his office lie largely outside of his accustomed lines of thought and action. The law has wisely provided that one of his assistants shall be "a practical and analytical chemist," and the other "an expert in the matter of dairy products." He must necessarily rely on such assistants for that technical knowledge which is required in the administration of the food laws of the State.

By their advice and assistance the following rules have been adopted and are published for general information. Some of these rules are original with the commission, while many of them have been adopted in other states, and are adopted in this State until such time as experience may demonstrate the necessity of their change or abrogation: All milk offered for sale must be from healthy cows of clean and wholesome character, unadulterated, free from preservative, and must contain not less than 3 per cent of butter fat.

So called "evaporated cream" containing less than 15 per cent of butter fat, must have the words "an unsweetened condensed milk," printed conspicuously on the front part of the label.

Condensed milk must not contain less than 8.5 per cent butter fat.
Condensed skim milk must be plainly labed as such.

Process or renovated and imitation butter must not be marked and sold as "creamery" or "dairy," but each should be marked plainly with its own name. Oleomargarine, butterine, renovated and imitation butter can be manufactured and sold under their appropriate names and color when appropriately labeled. Each tub, package or parcel shall have distinctly and durably ́ painted, stamped or marked thereon the true and appropriate name of such substance in ordinary bold-faced capital letters, not less than five lines pica. "Whole milk" cheese, commonly miscalled "full cream" cheese, must contain at least 48 per cent of fat to total solids.

Butter shall contain at least 80 per cent fat.

"Coffee cream" shall contain at least 15 per cent of fat, and "whipping cream" at least 22 per cent.

The term "vinegar" is limited to water solution of acetic acid derived from alcohol by fermentation, containing not less than 4 per cent of absolute acetic acid carrying in solution, if undistilled, extractives from the fruit, grain, vegetable or syrup used in their preparation.

All vinegar must be labeled and sold under its true name as determined by its derivation. Distilled or fermented vinegar may be reduced with water to legal requirements; but one variety of vinegar shall not be fortified or reduced with another.

Undistilled vinegar made from an infusion of mixed grains may be labeled grain or beer vinegar. Malt vinegar must be made entirely from an infusion of malted grains.

Honey vinegar, if shown by analysis to be prepared exclusively from diluted honey, need not reach requirements in solids and ash demanded in other undistilled vinegars.

Coffee must be true in name. It must not be coated or polished to conceal inferiority. Imitations containing no coffee can not be sold as coffee compounds, but may be sold under coined names. Compounds of coffee and chicory or of coffee and any other harmless substitute allied to it in either flavor or strength, and not used simply as an adulterant, may be sold when labeled "Coffee Compound."

Syrup is a product of either corn or sugar cane. When made from sugar cane it is called cane syrup, when made from corn it is glucose syrup. There is little difference in the food value of these syrups. It is questionable whether or not one could not be considered an adulterant of the other, as each falls within the true definition of a syrup, as both the mild Rio and the strong Mocha are each true coffees. The sale of glucose as and for cane syrup, is a fraud and a violation of the law. The sale of a mixture of glucose and cane syrups without other label than that of the general term "syrup" is permitted. Molasses containing glucose must be labeled glucose mixture, as the value of molasses is dependent upon a pungent flavor peculiar to itself, and not found in glucose syrup.

Maple sugar and syrup must be true to name. A compound of cane or beet sugar with maple sugar can be sold when labeled compound, as the chief element of value in maple sugar is the maple flavor, and any mixture of any other sugar is for the sole purpose of cheapening the article, and is a clear case of adulteration.

Wheat flour mixed with corn flour may be sold when labeled "Compound Flour," or "Compound Wheat Flour."

Buckwheat flour may be mixed with other flour and sold as "Compound Buckwheat Flour." Self-rising buckwheat flour must be so labeled.

Rye flour if not absolutely pure, must be marked "Compound Rye Flour." Imitation jellies, fruit butter and preserves may be colored with a harmless coloring, provided they are labeled "Imitation Jelly, colored," and free from all ingredients deleterious to health.

Honey adulterated with glucose or any other substance not deleterious to health may be sold when labeled "Adulterated Honey."

Dry mustards must be pure.

Prepared mustard must be free from starch or adulterant of any kind, and, if consisting of mustard, vinegar and spices, may be sold when labeled "Prepared Mustard."

A preparation of mustard, vinegar, spices, and enough filling of starch to make a mustard of mild flavor to meet a legitimate demand which undoubtedly exists, may be sold when labeled "Prepared Mustard Compound." Harmless coloring matter may be used in preparations of mustards only to secure uniformity of appearance.

All spices must be pure.

spice is an adulteration. the label "Compound."

Any mixture of any foreign article with any
An adulteration of spices can not be remedied by

Catsup must not contain preservatives deleterious to health.
Cream of tartar must be pure.

All compounds are unlawful,

Candy must be free from inert mineral matters, and not colored with substances deleterious to health.

Canned goods must be labeled with grade or quality of the goods and the name and address of the seller or manufacturer.

Artificial extracts can be manufactured and sold only in cases where it is not possible to produce an extract from the fruit itself. Extracts of this class must be labeled "Artificial Extracts."

Lemon extract shall consist of the pure oil of lemon dissolved in alcohol. Harmless coloring matter will be permitted. The sale of compound lemon extracts is prohibited.

Vanilla extract shall be made wholly from vanilla beans, and shall contain no artificial coloring. The color of a vanilla extract is an indication of its strength, and coloring in such cases would be used for the purpose of concealing inferiority, and of making the article appear better than it really iş.

When other flavoring substances are used, such as Vanillin, Coumarin or Tonka, the extract should be labeled so as to show the purchaser its true character, as "Compound Extract of Tonka and Vanillin." The label, "Compound Extract of Vanilla," will not be deemed sufficient notice of the composition of the article.

All baking powder sold in the State must be labeled in a conspicuous way and place, with the name signifying the class or variety to which it belongs, based on the name of the acid ingredient; thus, for example: "This is an alum baking powder; an alum phosphate baking powder; a phosphate baking powder; a cream of tartar baking powder." Potassium acid sulphite is regarded as unwholesome, if not injurious, and its use in any article of food is prohibited.

Whenever the words "artificial," "imitation," "compound," etc., are required, these words must be printed immediately preceding or following the word which they modify, the same size type and equally prominent. Thus: "Imitation Currant Jelly," or (colored) "Coffee Compound."

ALFRED H. JONES, Illinois State Food Commissioner.

PRINCIPLES ON WHICH THE STANDARDS ARE BASED.

The general considerations which have guided in preparing the standards for food products are the following:

I. The standards are expressed in the form of definitions, with or without accompanying specifications of limit in composition.

2. The main classes of food articles are defined before the subordinate classes are considered.

3. The definitions are so framed as to exclude from the articles defined, substances not included in the definitions.

4. The definitions include, where possible, those qualities which make the article described wholesome for human food.

5. The names of food products herein defined usually agree with existing American trade or manufacturing usage; but where such usage is not clearly established or where trade names confuse two or more articles for which specific designations are desirable, preference is given to one of the several trade names applied.

6. Standards are based upon data representing materials produced under American conditions and manufactured by American processes or representing such varieties of foreign articles as are chiefly imported for American use.

7. The standards fixed are such that a departure of the articles to which they apply, above the maximum or below the minimum limit prescribed, is evidence that such articles are of inferior or abnormal quality.

8. The limits fixed as standard are not necessarily the extremes authentically recorded for the article in question, because such exfremes are commonly due to abnormal conditions of production and are usually accompanied by marks of inferiority or abnormality readily perceived by the producer or manufacturer.