Elements of Political Science, 2권J. Ballantyne and Company, 1814 |
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advantage altogether annual arising bounty Chap circulating capital circumstances commodities consequence considered consumed contribute danger defence demand desire dities Dr Smith duty effect employed employment encouragement equal established evils exer exertions expected expense favour fixed capital forced foreign former funds gratification greater gulates habits human idleness improve increase individuals indolence industry inequality of property inhabitants injustice interests interference justice of peace labour land less Licinian law Lycurgus maintain maintenance manufactures ment merchant military militia mode morals nation nature neral object occasion officers opulent ordinary parish perhaps poor possession price of corn probably procure produce profit proper proportion proprietor punishment purchase quantity racter rank rate of profit regu regulations rendered rent requisite rich scarcely Scotland society soldiers standing army subsistence sumptuary laws Tiberius Gracchus tion vested wages wealth Wealth of Nations workmen yield
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104 페이지 - The labour of the meanest of these has a certain value, regulated by the very same principles which regulate that of every other sort of labour; and that of the noblest and most useful, produces nothing which could afterwards purchase or procure an equal quantity of labour.
195 페이지 - The needy man who has known better days, One whom distress has spited at the world, Is he whom tempting fiends would pitch upon To do such deeds as make the prosperous men Lift up their hands and wonder who could do them.
103 페이지 - The labour of the latter, however, has its value, and deserves its reward as well as that of the former. But the labour of the manufacturer fixes and realizes itself in some particular subject, or vendible commodity, which lasts for some time at least after that labour is past.
103 페이지 - The labour of some of the most respectable orders in the society is like that of menial servants, unproductive of any value, and does not fix or realize itself in any permanent subject or vendible commodity, which endures after that labour is past, and for which an equal quantity of labour could afterwards be procured.
102 페이지 - There is one sort of labour which adds to the value of the subject upon which it is bestowed: there is another which has no such effect. The former, as it produces a value, may be called productive; the latter, unproductive labour.
23 페이지 - This great increase of the quantity of work which, in consequence of the division of labour, the same number of people are capable of performing, is owing to three different circumstances; first, to the increase of dexterity in every particular workman; secondly, to the saving of the time which is commonly lost in passing from one species of work to another ; and lastly, to the invention of a great number of machines which facilitate and abridge labour, and enable one man to do the work of many.
35 페이지 - But where the sovereign is himself the general, and the principal nobility and gentry of the country the chief officers of the army ; where the military force is placed under the command of those who have the greatest interest in the support of the civil authority, because they have themselves the greatest share of that authority, a standing army can never be dangerous to liberty.
263 페이지 - ... of men have not an equal right to the earth, and to all that it possesses; but that the property of the present generation should be restrained and regulated according to the fancy of those who died perhaps five hundred years ago.
39 페이지 - He can safely pardon or neglect them, and his consciousness of his own superiority naturally disposes him to do so. That degree of liberty which approaches to licentiousness can be tolerated only in countries where the sovereign is secured by a well-regulated standing army.
103 페이지 - It is, as it were, a certain quantity of labour stocked and stored up to be employed, if necessary, upon some other occasion. That subject, or, what is the same thing, the price of that subject, can afterwards, if necessary, put into motion a quantity of labour equal to that which had originally produced it. The...