purpose of fitting or adapting her for the sea or for naval service, and all words relating to equipping shall be construed accordingly: "Ship and equipment" shall include a ship and everything in or "Ship and belonging to a ship: equipment:" "Master" shall include any person having the charge or command of "Master." a ship. Repeal of Acts, and Saving Clauses. 31. From and after the commencement of this act, an act passed in the Repeal of fifty-ninth year of the reign of His late Majesty King George the Third, Foreign Enchapter sixty-nine, intituled "An Act to prevent the enlisting or engage-59 Geo. 3, c. 69. listment Act, ment of His Majesty's subjects to serve in foreign service, and the fitting out or equipping, in His Majesty's dominions, vessels for warlike purposes, without His Majesty's licence," shall be repealed: Provided that such repeal shall not affect any penalty, forfeiture, or other punishment incurred or to be incurred in respect of any offence committed before this act comes into operation, nor the institution of any investigation or legal proceeding, or any other remedy for enforcing any such penalty, forfeiture, or punishment as aforesaid. 32. Nothing in this act contained shall subject to forfeiture any com- Saving as to missioned ship of any foreign state, or give to any British court over or commissioned in respect of any ship entitled to recognition as a commissioned ship of foreign ships. any foreign state any jurisdiction which it would not have had if this act had not passed. 33. Nothing in this act contained shall extend or be construed to ex- Penalties not tend to subject to any penalty any person who enters into the military to extend to service of any prince, state, or potentate in Asia, with such leave or licence persons enteras is for the time being required by law in the case of subjects of Hering into military serMajesty entering into the military service of princes, states, or potentates vice in Asia, in Asia. 59 Geo. 3, c. 69, s. 12. 34 & 35 VICT. c. 105. An Act for the Safe Keeping of Petroleum and other Substances of a like nature. [21st August, 1871.] [The whole of this Act, with the exception of a portion of section 3 and section 18, is to continue in force until otherwise directed by Parliament (42 & 43 Vict. c. 47, ss. 4, 6).] 38 VICT. c. 17. An Act to amend the Law with respect to Manufacturing, Keeping, 38 & 39 VICT. c. 55. An Act for consolidating and amending the Acts relating to Public [11th August, 1875.] Be it enacted, &c. PART I. Short title. Extent of act. Definitions. 1. This act may be cited as The Public Health Act, 1875. 2. This act shall not extend to Scotland or Ireland, nor (save as by this act is expressly provided) to the metropolis. 3. [Division of act into parts.] 4. In this act, if not inconsistent with the context, the following words and expressions have the meanings herein-after respectively assigned to them; that is to say, "Borough" means any place for the time being subject to the act of the session of the fifth and sixth years of the reign of King William the Fourth, chapter seventy-six, intituled "An Act to provide for the Regulation of Municipal Corporations in England and Wales," and any act amending the same: "The metropolis" means the city of London and all parishes and places mentioned in schedules A, B, and C to the Metropolis Management Act, 1855: "Local government district" means any area subject to the jurisdiction of a local board constituted in pursuance of the local government acts before the passing of this act, or in pursuance of this act, and "local board" means any board so constituted: "Improvement act district" means any area for the time being subject to the jurisdiction of any improvement commissioners as herein-after defined: "Improvement commissioners" means any commissioners, trustees or other persons invested by any local act with powers of town government and rating: "Parish" means a place for which a separate poor rate is or can be made, or for which a separate overseer is or can be appointed: "Person" includes any body of persons, whether corporate or unincorporate: "Local authority" means urban sanitary authority and rural sanitary authority. Urban and rural sanitary districts. PART II. AUTHORITIES FOR EXECUTION OF ACT. CONSTITUTION OF DISTRICTS AND AUTHORITIES. 5. For the purposes of this act England, except the metropolis, shall consist of districts to be called respectively (1.) Urban sanitary districts, and (in this act referred to as urban and rural districts); and such urban and rural districts shall respectively be subject to the jurisdiction of local authorities, called urban sanitary authorities and rural sanitary authorities (in this act referred to as urban and rural authorities), invested with the powers in this act mentioned. 6. [Description of urban districts and urban authorities.] 9. [Description of rural districts and rural authorities.] [Sections 91 to 109 relate to the duty of local authorities with respect to nuisances]. 110. For the purpose of the provisions of this act relating to nuisances, Provision as to any ship or vessel lying in any river, harbour or other water within the ships. district of a local authority shall be subject to the jurisdiction of that authority in the same manner as if it were a house within such district; and any ship or vessel lying in any river, harbour or other water not within the district of a local authority shall be deemed to be within the district of such local authority as may be prescribed by the local government board, and where no local authority has been prescribed, then of the local authority whose district nearest adjoins the place where such ship or vessel is lying. The master or other officer in charge of any such ship or vessel shall be deemed for the purpose of the said provisions to be the occupier of such ship or vessel. This section shall not apply to any ship or vessel under the command or charge of any officer bearing her Majesty's commission, or to any ship or vessel belonging to any foreign government. 111. [The provisions of the act relating to nuisances not to affect other remedies.] INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND HOSPITALS. 121. Any local authority may direct the destruction of any bedding, Destruction of clothing or other articles which have been exposed to infection from infected dangerous infectious disorder, and may give compensation for the same. any bedding, &c. sons without proper lodging to hospital by order of justice. 124. Where any suitable hospital or place for the reception of the sick Removal of is provided within the district of a local authority, or within a convenient infected perdistance of such district, any person who is suffering from any dangerous infectious disorder, and is on board any ship or vessel, may, on a certificate signed by a legally qualified medical practitioner, and with the consent of the superintending body of such hospital or place, be removed, by order of any justice, to such hospital or place at the cost of the local authority; and any person so suffering, who is lodged in any common lodging-house, may, with the like consent and on a like certificate, be so removed by order of the local authority. An order under this section may be addressed to such constable or officer of the local authority as the justice or local authority making the same may think expedient; and any person who wilfully disobeys or obstructs the execution of such order shall be liable to a penalty not exceeding ten pounds. 125. Any local authority may make regulations (to be approved of by Removal to the Local Government Board) for removing to any hospital to which such hospital of infected persons authority are entitled to remove patients, and for keeping in such hospital so long as may be necessary, any persons brought within their district by brought by any ship or boat who are infected with a dangerous infectious disorder, and such regulations may impose on offenders against the same reasonable penalties not exceeding forty shillings for each offence. ships Power of Local Government Board to make regulations. Power of Local Board to make Publication of regulations and orders. Local authority to see to the execution 130. The Local Government Board may from time to time make, alter and revoke such regulations as to the said Board may seem fit, with a view to the treatment of persons affected with cholera, or any other epidemic endemic or infectious disease, and preventing the spread of cholera and such other diseases, as well on the seas, rivers and waters of the United Kingdom, and on the high seas within three miles of the coasts thereof, as on land; and may declare by what authority or authorities such regulations shall be enforced and executed. Regulations so made shall be published in the London Gazette, and such publication shall be for all purposes conclusive evidence of such regulations. Any person wilfully neglecting or refusing to obey or carry out or obstructing the execution of any regulation made under this section shall be liable to a penalty not exceeding fifty pounds (a). 134. Whenever any part of England appears to be threatened with or is affected by any formidable epidemic, endemic or infectious disease, the Local Government Board may make and from time to time alter and revoke regulations for all or any of the following purposes; (namely)— (1) For the speedy interment of the dead; and (2) For house to house visitation; and For the provision of medical aid and accommodation; for the promotion of cleansing, ventilation and disinfection, and for guarding against the spread of disease; and may by order declare all or any of the regulations so made to be in force within the whole or any part or parts of the district of any local authority, and to apply to any vessels, whether on inland waters or on arms or parts of the sea, within the jurisdiction of the lord high admiral of the United Kingdom or the commissioners for executing the office of the lord high admiral for the time being, for the period in such order mentioned; and may by any subsequent order abridge or extend such order. 135. All regulations and orders so made by the Local Government Board shall be published in the London Gazette, and such publication shall be conclusive evidence thereof for all purposes. 136. The local authority of any district within which or part of which regulations so issued by the Local Government Board are declared to be in force shall superintend and see to the execution thereof, and shall appoint of regulations. and pay such medical or other officers and persons, and do and provide all such acts, matters and things as may be necessary for mitigating any such disease, or for superintending or aiding in the execution of such regulations, or for executing the same, as the case may require. Moreover, the local authority may from time to time direct any prosecution or legal proceedings for or in respect of the wilful violation or neglect of any such regulation. Power of entry. Poor law entitled to 137. The local authority and their officers shall have power of entry on any premises or vessel for the purpose of executing or superintending the execution of any regulations so issued by the Local Government Board as aforesaid. 138. Whenever, in compliance with any regulation so issued by the medical officer Local Government Board as aforesaid, any poor law medical officer percosts of attend- forms any medical service on board any vessel he shall be entitled to ance on board charge extra for such service, at the general rate of his allowance for services for the union or place for which he is appointed; and such vessels. (a) See Appendix, "Forms," No. 51, p. cccclxviii. charges shall be payable by the captain of such vessel on behalf of the owners thereof, together with any reasonable expenses for the treatment of the sick. Where such services are rendered by any medical practitioner who is not a poor law medical officer, he shall be entitled to charges for any service rendered on board, with extra remuneration on account of distance, at the same rate as those which he is in the habit of receiving from private patients of the class of those attended and treated on shipboard, to be paid as aforesaid. In case of dispute in respect to such charges, such dispute may, where the charges do not exceed twenty pounds, be determined by a court of summary jurisdiction; and such Court shall determine summarily the amount which is reasonable, according to the accustomed rate of charge within the place where the dispute arises for attendance on patients of the like class as those in respect of whom the charge is made. 139. The Local Government Board may, if they think fit, by order Local governauthorize or require any two or more local authorities to act together for ment board the purposes of the provisions of this act relating to prevention of epidemic may combine diseases, and may prescribe the mode of such joint action and of defraying the costs thereof. 140. Any person who (1.) Wilfully violates any regulation so issued by the Local Government Board as aforesaid; or (2.) Wilfully obstructs any person acting under the authority or in the execution of any such regulation, shall be liable to a penalty not exceeding five pounds. local authorities. Penalty for violating or obstructing the execution of regulations. PORT SANITARY AUTHORITY. 287. The Local Government Board may, by provisional order, per- Constitution manently constitute any local authority whose district or part of whose of port sanidistrict forms part of or abuts on any part of a port in England, or the tary authority. waters of such port, or any conservators commissioners or other persons having authority in or over such port or any part thereof, (which local authority conservators commissioners or other persons are in this act referred to as a 66 riparian authority,") the sanitary authority of the whole of such port or of any part thereof (in this act referred to as the " port sanitary authority"). The Local Government Board may also by provisional order permanently constitute a port sanitary authority for the whole or any part of a port, by combining any two or more riparian authorities having jurisdiction within such port, or any part thereof, and may prescribe the mode of their joint action; or by forming a joint board consisting of representative members of any two or more riparian authorities, in the same manner as is by this act provided with respect to the formation of a united district. Moreover the Local Government Board may by provisional order permanently constitute a port sanitary authority for any two or more ports, by forming a joint board consisting of representative members of all or any of the riparian authorities having jurisdiction within such ports, or any part thereof. In any case in which the Local Government Board are by this section authorized permanently to constitute by provisional order a port sanitary authority, the said Board may, if it thinks fit, until such order has been made and confirmed by parliament, temporarily constitute by order any such authority, and may from time to time renew any such last-mentioned order, and may by any order so made or renewed make any such provisions as it is by this section empowered to make by provisional order. Any order constituting a port sanitary authority may assign to such |