States. Alabama... Arkansas California.... STATE GOVERNMENTS. Cupitals. Governors. John A. Winston... ... N5T8 1854 Term Exp. Salary. | Legis'e Meets. | Gen. Election. Florida.. Tallahassee... Georgia.. Milledgeville... Illinois.. Springfield... Indiana... lowa... Indianopolis. Iowa City....... Baton Rouge. Charles H. Pond.... Missouri..... Jefferson City. Columbus. Pennsylvania. Harrisburg.. Vermont... Montpelier.. Virginia .... Richmond... T. Watkins Ligon William Bigler. 1 M. Jan.... 1 Tu. Nov. The following States hold Legislative Sessions biennially, viz:-Delaware, Virginia, North Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Michigan, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, Tennessee, Ohio, Indiana, Missouri, Iowa, and Illinois. Whigs in Italics. 1,384,677 1,587,256 157,2961,362,242 1,223,795 291,378 1,291,643 1,329,013 66,304|| 23,191,558 Pierce over Scott, 202,679; Taylor over Cass, 138,447; Polk over Clay, 37,370. 3,646 730 7,322 4,867 147,545 668,607 58,419 60,030 59,917 1,002,614 10,668 3 Admitt'd since 1844. 212,592 18,041 3,954 314,120 50,682 1,421,661 since 1844. 305,391 143,985 Eclipses in the Year 1854. THERE will be four Eclipses this year: two of the Sun and two of the Moon. L. There will be a Partial Eclipse of the Moon on the 12th of May, at the time of Full Moon, invisible in the United States. II. There will be an Annular Eclipse of the Sun on Friday afternoon, May 26th, visible in every part of the United States, principally as a large partial Eclipse on the Sun's northern limb. part of New Hampshire. Since the angular diameter of the Moon will be less than that of the Sun, the latter can not in any place be totally fore, reach the earth; hence a bright ring of light, eclipsed. The Moon's shadow will not, thereone-third of a digit wide, will be pictured on the This will cover a strip of country one hundred Sun along where the central eclipse passes. miles wide in the section above described. 1313, and since then it has returned thirty-one This eclipse first touched the earth July 24, times. It occurred in April, 1800; in May, 1818; aud in May, 1836. Its next return will be June Magni- 5th, 1872, but will not be visible in this country.. tude. Its last return will be August 17th, 2593. The next eclipse of the Sun, of note, will be on the Digits. 15th of March, 1858. 11.10 The eclipse of this year first touches the earth 10.75 at sunrise in the Pacific, in long. 176° 35′ W., lat. 1° 22′ S.; and ends at sunset in the Atlantic in long. 73° 41′ W., lat. 28° 29′, N. 11.07 Milwaukie. 3 24 26 5 41 2 39 10.25 10.86 2 23 Natchez Mobile.. Tallahassee... Austin.... III. There will be a Partial Eclipse of the Moon, 11.23 of only sixty-four hundredths of a digit in size, 9.81 on the northern limb, on the 4th of November. 10.27 It will be visible at the time of the Moon's rising 11.36 in Maine, and in the eastern part of New Hamp 9.85 shire, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island, 9.54 duration will be, in most cases, about five or six 10.70 minutes after the Moon rises. At New York, the 10.02 eclipse will end nine minutes before the Moon 10.21 rises. 10.38 Its IV. There will be a Total Eclipse of the Sun 941 November 20th, invisible in the United States, 9.14 This magnificent eclipse will display itself in 9.59 South America, at the Cape of Good Hope, and 9.98 in the adjacent waters. Tide Table. H. M. 9.28 5.88 6.66 Augusta. 3 45 5 2 6 10 2 25 Tuscaloosa.... 3 14 4 335 45 2 31 Milledgeville... 3 40 4 55 6 5 2 25 Charleston.. 3 58 5 126 19 2 21 Jackson 3 3 4 225 35 2 32 Savannah. 3 52 5 6 6 14 2 22 2 58 4 16 5 302 32 3 17 4 33 5 43 2 26 3 38 4 52 602 22 2 223 424 572 35 New Orleans... 3 10 4 265 35 2 25 St. Augustine.. 3 54 5 8 6 13 2 19 Havana... 4 5 5 10 6 6 2 1 Mexico.. 2 53 3 42 4 31 1 38 Kingston, Jam. 4 45 3 396 251 40 * Morning. NOTE-This is the largest eclipse of the Sun that has occurred in the United States for many years. The eclipse will be central and largest in THE 5615th year of the Jews begins on the 23d! Canada West, and in the northeastern counties of September. The 1271st year of the MOHAMof New York, in Vermont, and in the southern MEDAN era begins September 24th. M35369 21 2 0 e. 21 1 30 e. 21 11 0 m. 23 4 5 m. 23 3 35 m. 23 1 5m 9 52 e. 21 9 22 e. 20 10 20 e. Vernal Equinox......March..... When it is noon at London, it is 6 h. 52 m. in the morning at Washington; and when it is noon at Washington, it is 5 h. 8 m. in the evening at London. Astronomical Signs Explained. → Sun, (Moon, Q Venus, Mars, Saturn, Uranus, ☀ Mercury, 21 21 6 52 e.* 2 24 e. 4 29 m. 10 16 m. 21 September 17th, then in Leo until October 9th, then in Virgo until November 2d, then in Libra until Nov. 28th, then in Scorpio until Dec. 20th. Mars will be in Leo until July 9th, excepting a few days in April, when it will be in the last part of Cancer. On the 10th of July it passes the equator southward, and goes through Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, and Sagittarius, before the year closes. It will be furthest in the south Nov. 21st. Jupiter will be in Sagittarius all of the year. This planet is working toward the north. Saturn will be in Aries until April 16th, then in Taurus the balance of the year. Uranus will be in Aries all of the year. Neptune will be in Aquarius. The Rings of Saturn will be in a favorable position for visibility all of this year. Risings and Settings of Planets. The reader should understand that these are place; and also, that when the hour is less than not materially affected by the longitude of a x, it is in the morning; and when greater than six, it is in the evening. Dominical Letter, A; Golden Number, 12; Notes. VENUS will be evening star until February 28th, then morning star until December 13th, then evening star until October 1st. 1855. JUPITER February 1 Venus sets.. will be morning star until July 15th, then evening star until January 29th, 1855. MARS will be morning star until February 26th, then evening star until April 9th, 1855. SATURN will be evening star until May 26th, then morning star until March Dec. 4th, then evening star until June 10th, 1855. The MOON will run furthest north this year December 6th, to the 10th degree of Gemini, in April 26° 58' 21.9" north declination, It will furthest go south December 20th, to the 10th degree of Sagittarius, in 26° 57′ 11.2" south declination. The May longitude of its ascending node in the middle of the year will be 59°. 1854. The SUN will be north of the equator this tropical year, dating from the solstice of December 21st, 1853, 186 days, 10 hours, 53 minutes; July and south of it 178 days, 18 hours, 55 minutes; showing a difference of 7 days, 15 hours, 58 August minutes, which is caused by the slow motion of the Sun when near its aphelion in July. Distance of the EARTH from the Sun January 1st, 93,577,000 miles; distance July 1st, 96,768,000 miles. Venus will be in Aquarius until about May 6th, then in Pisces until about June 4th, then in Aries until July 2d, then in Taurus until July 29th, then in Gemini until August 224, then in Cancer until] 46 8 Mercury rises. 46 95,000,000 1.000000 365 When discovered. Flora. Clio. vesta. Iris. Metis. Eunomia... Psyche Fortuna.... Calliope..... Thalia Parthenope. Irene.. Astræa Juno.. Ceres Pallas Hygeia.. Jupiter Saturn.. Uranus ptune... The Asteroids.:::::: 142,000,000 1.523692 686 230,449,670 2.425786 1,379 July 1, 1847 Hencke Driessen. 89,170 485,000.000 5.202776 4,332 79,042 Directions for Finding the True Time. The Sun is on the meridian at 12 o'clock on four days only in the year. It is sometimes as much as 164 minutes before or after twelve when its shadow strikes the noon-mark on the sun-dial. On each calendar page of this Almanac is shown the exact time when the sun reaches the meri dian, or the shadow the noon-mark; and in order to set a clock or watch correctly, it must, when it is noon by the sun-dial or noon-mark, be set at the time indicated in the Almanac. Thus, on the 25th of January, when the Sun is on the noonmark, the watch must be set 12 minutes and 41 seconds past twelve, which will be the true time. The practice of setting time-pieces by the rising or setting of the Sun or Moon, is not strictly correct; as the unevenness of the earth's surface and intervening objects, such as hills and forests, near the points of rising and setting, occasion deviation, in every place, from the time expressed in the Almanac, which time is adapted to a smooth, level horizon. The only means of keeping correct time, is by the use of a moon-mark, or a meridian-line, This Almanac is calculated in mean or clocktime, and is correct according to all good timepieces. Almanacs in apparent time are known by the Sun's rising and setting, when added, being equal to 12 hours; and at the time of its crossings the equator, the rising and setting is at 6 o'clock. Such Almanacs are old-fashioned, and are going into disuse. They are not correct according to true time, and can be made so only by adding the amount the sun is slow of the clock, and subtracting when it is "fast." set at 6 o'clock when it was at the equinoxes. The Sun has not, since it was created, risen or And why? Because it does not come to the meridian at 12 o'clock at that time-a fact that is true for nearly every day in the year. The old idea that it is 12 o'clock when the shadow is at Clock Time and Apparent Time. the noon-mark, is a mistaken one; and if timepieces be set at 12 at those times, they will not There are two kinds of time used in common be correct, except on the 15th of April and June, Almanacs for the Sun's rising and setting: one is September 1st, and December 24th. Noon and Block-time, and the other is sun-time, or appa-1 12 o'clock are not the same. |