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PUBLISHED MONTHLY AND SENT FREE TO CITIZENS ON APPLICATION.

ENTERED AT THE RALEIGH POST-OFFICE AS SECOND-CLASS MAIL MATTER.

STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

W. A. GRAHAM, Commissioner, ex officio Chairman, Raleigh.

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FRANKLIN SHERMAN, JR...

W. N. HUTT...

H. H. BRIMLEY.

T. B. PARKER.

W. M. ALLEN...
W. G. CHRISMAN.
J. M. PICKEL...
W. G. HAYWOOD.

G. M. MACNIDER.
L. L. BRINKLEY.
S. O. PERKINS.
HAMPDEN HILL.

S. C. CLAPP.

S. B. SHAW...

W. J. HARTMAN.

Z. P. METCALF.

J. A. CONOVER.

J. L. BURGESS.

W. E. HEARN*,

F. P. DRANE...

. Commissioner. Secretary.

.State Chemist, Field Crops.

. Entomologist.

.Horticulturist.

Naturalist and Curator.

Demonstration Work.

. Food Chemist.

Veterinarian.

.Assistant Chemist.

.Fertilizer Chemist.

Feed Chemist and Microscopist.

.Assistant Chemist.

Assistant Chemist.

.Assistant Chemist.

.Nursery and Orchard Inspector. Assistant Horticulturist.

Assistant Veterinarian. Assistant Entomologist.

...Dairyman. .Agronomist.

. Soil Survey.

.Soil Survey.

R. W. SCOTT, JR., Superintendent Edgecombe Test Farm, Rocky Mount, N. C.
F. T. MEACHAM, Superintendent Iredell Test Farm, Statesville, N. C.
JOHN H. JEFFERIES, Superintendent Pender Test Farm, Willard, N. C.
R. W. COLLETT, Superintendent Transylvania and Buncombe Test Farms,
Swannanoa, N. C.

*Assigned by the Bureau of Soils, United States Department of Agriculture.

RALEIGH, N. C., July 14, 1909.

SIR-I submit herewith analyses of fertilizers and cotton-seed meals made in the laboratory of samples collected during the past fall and spring. These analyses show fertilizers and meals to be about as heretofore and to be generally what was claimed for them. This material has been published heretofore as the July BULLETIN of the Department, and I recommend that it be issued as the July BULLETIN.

Very respectfully,

To WILLIAM A. GRAHAM,

Commissioner of Agriculture.

B. W. KILGORE,

State Chemist.

FALL SEASON, 1908; SPRING SEASON, 1909.

B. W. KILGORE, STATE CHEMIST.

BY W. G. HAYWOOD, Fertilizer CHEMIST,

AND

J. M. PICKEL, L. L. BRINKLEY AND S. O. PERKINS, ASSISTANT CHEMISTS.

The analyses presented in this BULLETIN are of samples collected by the fertilizer inspectors of the Department, under the direction of the Commissioner of Agriculture, during fall months of 1908 and the spring months of 1909. They should receive the careful study of every farmer in the State who uses fertilizers, as by comparing the analyses in the BULLETIN with the claims made for the fertilizers actually used, the farmer can know by or before the time fertilizers are put in the ground whether or not they contain the fertilizing constituents in the amounts they were claimed to be present.

TERMS USED IN ANALYSES.

Water-soluble Phosphoric Acid.-Phosphate rock, as dug from the mines, mainly in South Carolina, Florida and Tennessee, is the chief source of phosphoric acid in fertilizers.

In its raw, or natural, state the phosphate has three parts of lime united to the phosphoric acid (called by chemists tri-calcium phosphate). This is very insoluble in water and is not in condition to be taken up readily by plants. In order to render it soluble in water and fit for plant food, the rock is finely ground and treated with sulphuric acid, which acts upon it in such a way as to take from the three-lime phosphate two parts of its lime, thus leaving only one part of lime united to the phosphoric acid. This one-lime phosphate is what is known as water-soluble phosphoric acid.

Reverted Phosphoric Acid.-On long standing some of this watersoluble phosphoric acid has a tendency to take lime from other substances in contact with it, and to become somewhat less soluble. This latter is known as reverted or gone-back phosphoric acid. This is thought to contain two parts of lime in combination with the phosphoric acid, and is thus an intermediate product between water-soluble and the original rock.

Water-soluble phosphoric acid is considered somewhat more valuable than reverted, because it becomes better distributed in the soil as a consequence of its solubility in water.

Available Phosphoric Acid is made up of the water-soluble and reverted; it is the sum of these two.

Water-soluble Ammonia.-The main materials furnishing ammonia in fertilizers are nitrate of soda, sulphate of ammonia, cotton-seed meal, dried blood, tankage, and fish scrap. The first two of these (nitrate of soda and sulphate of ammonia) are easily soluble in water and become

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