call such meeting, the said stockholders so owning a majority of said stock may do so on giving notice as above set forth. Heller v. Marine Bank, 89 Md. 620.

1888, art. 23, sec. 7. 1868, ch. 471, sec. 7.

7. At any general meeting of the stockholders called as provided for in the preceding section, any president, director or directors of said corporation may, by a vote of a majority in interest of the whole number of stockholders be removed from office, and another or others be appointed in the place of the person or persons so removed, to serve for the remainder of his or their term.

Ibid. sec. 8. 1868, ch. 471, sec. 8. 1892, ch. 594.

8. Whenever five or more stockholders of any private corporation created under the laws of this State, at least thirty days before an election for managers, directors or other officers of such corporation elected by the stockholders thereof, shall give notice in writing of their intention to canvass the votes which may be given at the next election thereof, and shall deliver said notice, at the usual place of business of such corporation, to the president, cashier, secretary, treasurer, director or other principal manager of such company, it shall be the duty of the officers receiving such notice immediately to communicate the same by mail to all the stockholders of said corporation living in the State and living in other States, so far as their places of residence appear on the books of such corporation.

Ibid. sec. 9. 1868, ch. 471, sec. 9.

9. Upon proof made to the judges of any such election of such notice having been delivered as aforesaid, by any five stockholders, such judges shall, before receiving the votes, require every stockholder offering to vote in person the stock of the corporation to make an oath or affirmation that the stock which such person proposes and offers to vote in the election then to be held is his sole and bona fide property, or belongs solely and bona fide to him and his partner or partners in trade, or is held by him as trustee, or in some fiduciary relation, to be specified in such oath, and that his right and title to the same have been fairly and bona fide, and not colorably and fraudulently created or acquired, and not with any intent to increase the number of votes which would otherwise

be allowed to said stock, nor in any manner, directly or indirectly, to violate, avoid or evade the standard of voting, as fixed either by the charter of said company or its by-laws, and that the said stock, to the best of his knowledge, belief and information, or any interest he has therein, is not retained in his name or in that of his partner, on the books of said corporation, with any such intent, design or purpose, and that he does design in all respects and in good faith to comply with the charter of the said corporation and its regulations upon the subject of voting stock therein.

1888, art. 23, sec. 10. 1868, ch. 471, sec. 10.

10. Whenever such stock is owned by and stands in the name of any corporation or body politic, some officer thereof shall take the oath prescribed in the preceding section, and further declare, on oath, that he has full opportunity, from his official station in the corporation, to know the opinions and sentiments of a majority of the directors thereof, in relation to such stock, and that he represents them fairly in the premises.

Ibid. sec. 11. 1868, ch. 471, sec. 11. 1892, ch. 594.

11. If notice shall be given for a canvass of votes, as prescribed in section 8, then at the election with reference to which said notice shall be given, no person or body corporate shall vote by proxy on stock held in any private corporation unless the person, or in case of a body corporate the president, cashier, or some lawfully constituted officer thereof, shall make oath before some person authorized by the laws of Maryland, or by the laws of the State where the same shall be administered, to administer an oath to the same effect as required by section 9 of this article, a certificate of which oath shall be produced before the person or persons holding said election before any vote by proxy shall be received.

Ibid. sec. 12. 1868, ch. 471, sec. 12.

12. No person shall act as the director of any bank requiring that the directors thereof shall hold any number of shares therein, unless the said director, before he acts as such, shall make oath before some justice of the peace, that he is the sole and bona fide owner of the stock standing in his name on the books of said bank, and that the same has not been transferred to qualify him to serve as director therein.

1888, art. 23, sec. 13. 1868, ch. 471, sec. 13.

13. In all cases where the stock in any corporation in this State shall have been hypothecated or pledged by the owner thereof as security for the payment of any debt or loan, such person, upon exhibiting to the person holding any election in such corporation a certificate in writing from the pawnee of said stock that the same is held in pledge or by hypothecation, shall, until forfeiture, be deemed and taken to be the holder of such stock, and as such, entitled to vote the same; and every person holding stock in such corporation as executor, administrator, guardian or trustee, shall represent the shares of stock in his hands, and may vote accordingly as a stockholder at any election in such corporation.

Provisions for the Formation of Corporations.

Ibid. sec. 14. 1868, ch. 471, sec. 14.

14. Corporations may be formed in this State, under the provisions hereinafter set forth, by any five or more persons, citizens of the United States, and a majority of them citizens of this State, or if unnaturalized, residents of this State, making oath that they bona fide intend to become citizens of the United States without unreasonable delay, who may desire to form a body corporate or politic, for any of the following purposes:

Ibid. sec. 14, Class 1. 1890, ch. 339. 1892, ch. 39.

15. Class 1. For the creation and maintenance of educational, moral, scientific, literary, dramatic, musical, social, benevolent or beneficial societies or associations of all descriptions; of religious or charitable societies or associations; fire engine and hose companies; and of uniformed volunteer companies; of universities, colleges, academies, hospitals or asylums; provided such corporations are located in this State and that the property which they possess or acquire is located therein, but corporations formed for the creation and maintenance of educational associations, universities, colleges, academies, hospitals or asylums may take and hold any property, real or personal, situate out of this State which may be given granted, devised or bequeathed to said corporations, and may hold, use or sell and convey the same, or may deal with it in any manner not inconsistent with law.

Boyce v. Trustees, 46 Md. 372.

1888, art. 23, sec. 15. 1868, ch. 471, sec. 15.

16. Class 2. For the creation and maintenance of mechanics' institutes, co-operative stores or societies, libraries, public reading or lecture rooms, medical societies, public hotels, public baths, dairy associations and agricultural or horticultural societies, fairs, or exhibitions, and companies for the packing of fruits, vegetables and other things; provided, such corporations are located in this State, and the property they possess or acquire is located therein.

1892, ch. 670. 1894, ch. 420, sec. 1.

17. Class 2 A. With the view of promoting, encouraging and fostering agriculture in this State, the sum of five thousand dollars is hereby appropriated annually for the purpose of aiding the agricultural fair associations now existing, or those which may hereafter be organized in this State, to be equally divided among said fair associations and to be paid them by the treasurer upon the warrant of the comptroller by said associations complying with the provisions of section 17 Class 2 A to section 17 Class 2 D, inclusive.

Ibid. sec. 2.

Class 2 B. Any county in this State, whose citizens shall subscribe for and pay up a capital stock of not less than ten thousand dollars, or shall acquire and pay for real estate and improvements thereon to the value of not less than ten thousand dollars, and shall be duly incorporated under the laws of this State as a fair association, upon filing with the comptroller a certified copy of the certificate of incorporation and the affidavit of the president of such association that the stock has been fully paid up or the property acquired and paid for to the amount herein required, shall be entitled to the benefits of section 17 to 17 Class 2D; provided that but one association in each county shall be entitled to the benefits derived under said

section.

Ibid. sec. 3.

Class 2 c. No existing association or any which may hereafter be formed in this State, for the purpose of holding agricultural fairs shall be entitled to the benefits of said section, which has five hundred dollars surplus in its treasury, or has, within the year preceding the application by it for the payment of any share of the money hereby appropriated, declared a dividend to its stockholders.

1892, ch. 670. 1894, ch. 420, sec. 3.

Class 2 D. Any existing association in this State, or which may hereafter be organized, desiring to avail itself of the provisions of said section 17, is hereby required to forward to the comptroller of the treasury, on or before the first Monday in December of each year, a statement under the hand of its president, attested by the treasurer and the corporate seal of such association, giving in detail the financial condition of said association for the year immediately preceding such application.

1888, art. 23, sec. 16. 1868, ch. 471, sec. 16. 1884, ch. 311.

18. Class 3. For buying, selling, mortgaging, leasing, improving, disposing of, or otherwise dealing in lands in this State, or partly in this State, and partly beyond this State, and for the procuring and preparing for market, transportation and selling of lumber, timber, wood, trees, plants, seeds, fruits, roots or other products of land.

Ibid. sec. 17. 1868, ch. 471, sec. 17, 1876, ch. 269.

19. Class 4. For the formation of fire, life, marine, accident, cattle, live stock and other insurance companies, and all companies for receiving, weighing, sheltering, feeding and exposing for sale, cattle, sheep and hogs; provided, that such companies shall have their principal office in this State; and provided the yards and scales of every company for receiving, weighing, sheltering, feeding and exposing for sale cattle, sheep and hogs shall be located either within the city of Baltimore or within a distance of not more than six miles from the limits thereof; and provided further, that all such cattle, sheep and hogs shall be weighed by or under the supervision of the State weighmaster, as now provided for by law; such weighing to be done at the yards and scales of such company.

Fraternal Alliance v. State, 77 Md. 547. Fraternal Alliance v. State, 86 Md. 554.

Ibid. sec. 18. 1868, ch. 471, sec. 18.

20. Class 5. For the formation of homestead or building associations, or associations for the loan of money on real or personal property, and for the incorporation of associations of odd fellows, free and accepted masons, sons of temperance, good templars or other kindred associations; provided, that the property owned or acquired by such corporation is located