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John Jacob Astor.-His Birthplace.-His Arrival in the United
States. What first Turned his Attention to the Fur Trade.-
His Character, Enterprises, and Success.-His Communications
with the American Government.- Origin of the American Fur
Company.....
PAGE
49
CHAPTER III.
Fur Trade in the Pacific.-American Coasting Voyages.-Russian
Enterprises.-Discovery of the Columbia River.-Carver's Project
to found a Settlement there.-Mackenzie's Expedition.—Lewis
and Clarke's Journey across the Rocky Mountains.-Mr. Astor's
Grand Commercial Scheme.-His Correspondence on the Subject
with Mr. Jefferson.-His Negotiations with the Northwest Com-
pany.-His Steps to carry his Scheme into Effect........
CHAPTER IV.
Two Expeditions set on Foot.—The Tonquin and her Crew.-Cap-
tain Thorn, his Character. -The Partners and Clerks.-Cana-
dian Voyageurs, their Habits, Employments, Dress, Character,
Songs.-Expedition of a Canadian Boat and its Crew by Land
and Water.-Arrival at New York.-Preparations for a Sea
Voyage.-Northwest Braggarts.-Underhand Precautions.-Let-
ter of Instructions.....
CHAPTER V.
Sailing of the Tonquin.-A Rigid Commander and Reckless Crew.—
Landsmen on Shipboard.-Fresh-water Sailors at Sea.-Lubber
Nests.-Ship Fare.-A Labrador Veteran.-Literary Clerks.-
CONTENTS.
Curious Travellers.-Robinson Crusoe's Island.-Quarter-deck
Quarrels.-Falkland Islands.-A Wild-goose Chase. - Port Eg-
mont.-Epitaph Hunting.-Old Mortality.-Penguin Shooting.
-Sportsmen left in the Lurch.-A Hard Pull.-Further Alter-
cations.-Arrival at Owyhee......
13
84
CHAPTER VI.
Owyhee.-Sandwich Islanders.-Their nautical Talents.-Tamaah-
maah. His Navy.-His Negotiations.-Views of Mr. Astor
with respect to the Sandwich Islands.-Karakakooa.—Royal
Monopoly of Pork.-Description of the Islanders.-Gayetics on
Shore.-Chronicler of the Island.-Place where Captain Cook
was Killed.-John Young, a Nautical Governor.-His Story.-
Waititi. A Royal Residence.-A Royal Visit.-Grand Ceremo-
nials. Close Dealing.-A Royal Pork Merchant.--Grievances of
a Matter-of-fact Man..
CHAPTER VII.
Departure from the Sandwich Islands.-Misunderstanding.--Miseries
of a Suspicious Man.-Arrival at the Columbia.--Dangerous Ser-
vice.-Gloomy Apprehensions.-Bars and Breakers.-Perils of
the Ship.-Disasters of a Boat's Crew.-Burial of a Sandwich
Islander....
116
CHAPTER VIII.
Mouth of the Columbia.-The Native Tribes.-Their Fishing.-
Their Canoes.-Bold Navigators.-Equestrian Indians and
Piscatory Indians, Difference in their Physical Organization.-
Search for a Trading Site.-Expedition of M'Dougal and Da-
vid Stuart.-Comcomly, the One-eyed Chieftain.-Influence of
Wealth in Savage Life.-Slavery among the Natives.-An Aris-
tocracy of Flatheads.-Hospitality among the Chinooks.-Com-
comly's Daughter.-Her Conquest....
127
CHAPTER IX.
Point George.-Founding of Astoria.-Indian Visitors.-Their Re-
ception.-The Captain Taboos the Ship.-Departure of the
Tonquin.-Comments on the Conduct of Captain Thorn................
135
CHAPTER X.
Disquieting Rumors from the Interior.-Reconnoitring Party.-
Preparations for a Trading Post.-An Unexpected Arrival.-
A Spy in the Camp.-Expedition into the Interior.—Shores of
the Columbia.-Mount Coffin.-Indian Sepulchre.-The Land of
Spirits.-Columbian Valley.-Vancouver's Point.-Falls and
Rapids.-A Great Fishing Mart.-The Village of Wish-ram.—
Difference between Fishing Indians and Hunting Indians.-
Effects of Habits of Trade on the Indian Character.-Post estab-
lished at the Oakinagan..
CHAPTER XI.
Alarm at Astoria.-Rumor of Indian Hostilities.-Preparations for
Defense.-Tragical Fate of the Tonquin....
141
156
Gloom at Astoria.-An Ingenious Stratagem.-The Small-pox Chief.
-Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.-A Canadian Trapper.
-A Freeman of the Forest.-An Iroquois Hunter.-Winter on
the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year....
170
CHAPTER XIII
Expedition by Land.-Wilson P. Hunt.-His Character.-Donald
M'Kenzie.-Recruiting Service among the Voyageurs.—A Bark
Canoe.-Chapel of St. Anne.-Votive Offerings.-Pious Carous-
als.-A Ragged Regiment.-Mackinaw.-Picture of a Trading
Post.-Frolicking Voyageurs.-Swells and Swaggerers.—Indian
Coxcombs.-A Man of the North.-Jockeyship of Voyageurs.—
Inefficacy of Gold.-Weight of a Feather.-Mr. Ramsay Crooks.
-His Character.-His Risks among the Indians.-His Warning
concerning Sioux and Blackfeet.-Embarkation of Recruits.-
Parting Scenes between Brothers, Cousins, Wives, Sweethearts,
and Pot Companions.....
179
CHAPTER XIV.
St. Louis.-Its Situation. - Motley Population.-French Creole
Traders and their Dependants.-Missouri Fur Company.-Mr.
Manuel Lisa.-Mississippi Boatmen.-Vagrant Indians.-Ken-
tucky Hunters.-Old French Mansion.-Fiddling.—Billiards.—
Mr. Joseph Miller.-His Character.-Recruits.-Voyage up the
Missouri. Difficulties of the River.-Merits of Canadian Voya-
geurs.-Arrival at the Nodowa.-Mr. Robert M'Lellan joins the
Party.-John Day, a Virginia Hunter.-Description of him.-
Mr. Hunt returns to St. Louis....
191
CHAPTER XV.
Opposition of the Missouri Fur Company.-Blackfeet Indians.—
Pierre Dorion, a Half-breed Interpreter.-Old Dorion and his
Hybrid Progeny.-Family Quarrels.-Cross Purposes between
Dorion and Lisa.-Renegadoes from Nodowa.-Perplexities of a
Commander.-Messrs. Bradbury and Nuttall join the Expedi-
tion.-Legal embarrassments of Pierre Dorion.-Departure from
St. Louis.-Conjugal discipline of a Half-breed.-Annual swell-
ing of the Rivers.-Daniel Boone, the Patriarch of Kentucky.—
John Colter.-His Adventures among the Indians.-Rumors of
Danger Ahead.-Fort Osage.-An Indian War-feast.-Troubles
in the Dorion Family.-Buffaloes and Turkey-buzzards......... 200
CHAPTER XVI.
Return of Spring.-Appearance of Snakes.-Great Flights of Wild
Pigeons. Renewal of the Voyage.-Night Encampments. -
Platte River.-Ceremonials on passing it.—Signs of Indian War
Parties. Magnificent Prospect at Papillion Creck.-Desertion of
Two Hunters.-An Irruption into the Camp of Indian Despera-
does.-Village of the Omahas.-Anecdotes of the Tribe.-Feu-
dal Wars of the Indians.-Story of Blackbird, the famous Omaha
Chief...
219