Principles of Political Economy: With Some of Their Applications to Social Philosophy, 1권Colonial Press, 1900 |
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xvi 페이지
... least advantageous cir- cumstances 409 5. Is payment for capital sunk in the soil , rent , or profit ? ...... 412 6. Rent does not enter into the cost of production of agricul- tural produce 416 Chapter I. Of Value . 1. Preliminary ...
... least advantageous cir- cumstances 409 5. Is payment for capital sunk in the soil , rent , or profit ? ...... 412 6. Rent does not enter into the cost of production of agricul- tural produce 416 Chapter I. Of Value . 1. Preliminary ...
3 페이지
... least , preventing them from gaining it . It often happens that the universal belief of one age of man- kind - a belief from which no one was , nor without an extraor- dinary effort of genius and courage , could at that time be free ...
... least , preventing them from gaining it . It often happens that the universal belief of one age of man- kind - a belief from which no one was , nor without an extraor- dinary effort of genius and courage , could at that time be free ...
17 페이지
... least to cover Italy with splendid edifices , public and private : but at length so dwindled under the enervating influences of misgovern- ment , that what remained was not even sufficient to keep those edifices from decay . The ...
... least to cover Italy with splendid edifices , public and private : but at length so dwindled under the enervating influences of misgovern- ment , that what remained was not even sufficient to keep those edifices from decay . The ...
20 페이지
... least in the same regions ) on an equal space of ground ; and sup- ports them with certainty , exempt from those periodically re- curring famines so abundant in the early history of Europe , and in Oriental countries even now not ...
... least in the same regions ) on an equal space of ground ; and sup- ports them with certainty , exempt from those periodically re- curring famines so abundant in the early history of Europe , and in Oriental countries even now not ...
27 페이지
... least in present cir- cumstances , be made of it . Land is , in some newly settled countries , practically unlimited in quantity : there is more than can be used by the existing population of the country , or by any accession likely to ...
... least in present cir- cumstances , be made of it . Land is , in some newly settled countries , practically unlimited in quantity : there is more than can be used by the existing population of the country , or by any accession likely to ...
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Adam Smith advantage agricultural amount Arthur Young capital capitalist causes circulating capital competition condition considerable consumed consumption cultivation degree demand desire of accumulation diminished duction effect employment England equal equivalent erally exertion exist expense farmer favorable flax France funds greater gross produce habits human hundred quarters idle class improvement increase individual industry instruments Ireland kind labor employed laboring classes land landlord less limited maintain maize mankind manufactures manure material means ment métayer mode necessary objects obtained occupation operations paid peasant peasant proprietors persons plough political economy Poor Law population portion possession present principle productive consumers productive labor productive power profit proportion quantity quired remuneration render rent require saving slavery small farms society soil subsistence sufficient supply suppose surplus taxes things tillage tion tivation tive Tuscany unless unproductive wages wealth whole workmen
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197 페이지 - It is not so with the Distribution of Wealth. That is a matter of human institution solely. The things once there, mankind, individually or collectively, can do with them as they like.
273 페이지 - Give a man the secure possession of a bleak rock, and he will turn it into a garden ; give him a nine years' lease of a garden, and he will convert it into a desert.
373 페이지 - A mason or bricklayer, on the contrary, can work neither in hard frost nor in foul weather, and his employment at all other times depends upon the occasional calls of his customers. He is liable, in consequence, to be frequently without any. What he earns, therefore, while he is employed, must not only maintain him while he is idle, but make him some compensation for those anxious and desponding" moments which the thought of so precarious a situation must sometimes occasion.
3 페이지 - It often happens that the universal belief of one age of mankind — a belief from which no one was, nor without an extraordinary effort of genius and courage, could at that time be free — becomes to a subsequent age so palpable an absurdity, that the only difficulty then is to imagine how such a thing can ever have appeared credible.
422 페이지 - every speculation respecting the economical interests of a society thus constituted implies some theory of Value : the smallest error on that subject infects with corresponding error all our other conclusions ; and anything vague or misty in our conception of it creates confusion and uncertainty in everything
122 페이지 - ... the invention of a great number of machines which facilitate and abridge labour, and enable one man to do the work of many.
293 페이지 - The landlord is no doubt liable in the end to suffer from their poverty, by being forced to make advances to them, especially in bad seasons ; and a foresight of this ultimate inconvenience may operate beneficially on such landlords as prefer future security to present profit. The characteristic disadvantage of the metayer system is very fairly stated by Adam Smith.
337 페이지 - The condition of the class can be bettered in no other way than by altering that proportion to their advantage ; and every scheme for their benefit which does not proceed on this as its foundation, is, for all permanent purposes, a delusion.
311 페이지 - ... of all vulgar modes of escaping from the consideration of the effect of social and moral influences on the human mind, the most vulgar is that of attributing the diversities of conduct and character to inherent natural differences.
404 페이지 - The fact, however, remains, that in the whole process of production, beginning with the materials and tools, and ending with the finished product, all the advances have consisted of nothing but wages ; except that certain of the capitalists concerned have, for the sake of general convenience, had their share of profit paid to them before the operation was completed. Whatever, of the ultimate product, is not profit, is repayment of wages.