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(d) In carrying out the provisions of this section, the President shall take special precaution to safeguard against the displacement of foreign exchange earnings which would otherwise accrue to the United States or any friendly nations.

(e) The President is authorized to enter into such agreements with third countries receiving goods accruing from the proceeds of sales made pursuant to this section as he deems necessary to effectuate the purpose of this

Act.

II. MUTUAL SECURITY ACT OF 1952, SECTIONS
11 AND 12

Sections 11 and 12-Partial Text of Public Law 400,
Eighty-second Congress [H. R. 7005], 66 Stat. 141,
Approved June 20, 1952

NOTE.-Except for sections 11 and 12, the whole of the Mutual Security Act of 1952 consists of amendments to the Mutual Security Act of 1951, the Mutual Defense Assistance Act of 1949, as amended, the Economic Cooperation Act of 1948, as amended, and the Act for International Development.

AN ACT To amend the Mutual Security Act of 1951, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That this Act may be cited as the "Mutual Security Act of 1952".

SEC. 11. Section 32 (b) (2) of the Surplus Property 58 Stat. 782. Act of 1944, as amended (50 App. U. S. C. 1641),1 is

1 Sec. 32 (b) (2) of the Surplus Property Act of 1944 was changed by the Mutual Security Act of 1952 as follows: "(2) In carrying out the provisions of this section, the Secretary of State is authorized to enter into an executive agreement or agreements with any foreign government for the use of currencies, or credits for currencies, of such government [acquired as a result of such surplus property disposals] held or available for expenditure by the United States or any agency thereof (or deposited pursuant to agreements entered into pursuant to section 115 (b) (6) and 115 (h) of the Economic Cooperation Act of 1948, as amended), and not required by law or agreement with such government to be expended or used for any other purpose, for the purpose of providing, by the formation of foundations or otherwise, for (A) financing studies, research, instruction, and other educational activities of or for American citizens in schools and institutions of higher learning located in such foreign country, or of the citizens of such foreign country in American schools and institutions of higher learning located outside the continental United States, Hawaii, Alaska (including the Aleutian Islands), Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, including payment for transportation, tuition, maintenance, and other expenses incident to scholastic activities; or (B) furnishing transportation for citizens of such foreign country who desire to attend American schools and institutions of higher learning in the continental United States, Hawaii, Alaska (including the Aleutian Islands), Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, and whose attendance will not deprive citizens of the United States of an opportunity to attend such schools and institutions: Provided, however, That no such agreement or agreements shall provide for the use of an aggregate amount of the currencies, or credits for currencies, of any one country in excess of $20,000,000 or for the expenditure of the currencies, or credits for currencies, of any one foreign country in excess of $1,000,000 annually at the official rate of exchange for such currencies, unless otherwise authorized by Congress, nor shall any such agreement relate to any subject other than the use and expenditure of such currencies or credits for currencies for the purposes herein set forth: Provided further, That for the

38459-53

43

22 U. S. C. 81513.

U. N. Inter-
national
Children's
Emergency
Fund.

amended by striking out in the first sentence thereof "acquired as a result of such surplus property disposals," and inserting in lieu thereof "held or available for expenditure by the United States or any agency thereof (or deposited pursuant to agreements entered into pursuant to section 115 (b) (6) and 115 (h) of the Economic Cooperation Act of 1948, as amended), and not required by law or agreement with such government to be expended or used for any other purpose,".

SEC. 12.2 There is hereby authorized to be appropriated to the President not to exceed $16,481,000 to enable him to make contributions to the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund until December 31, 1953, in such manner and on such terms and conditions as he may deem to be in the interests of the United States to support international children's welfare work: Provided, That the contributions shall be made in such a manner as to give assurance that they will not exceed 3313 per centum of contributions from all governments, including contributions made by governments for the benefit of persons located within territories under their control: Provided further, That none of the funds authorized shall be used in duplication of the activities of other agencies of the United Nations.3

purpose of selecting students and educational institutions qualified to participate in this program, and to supervise the exchange program authorized herein, the President of the United States is authorized to appoint a Board of Foreign Scholarships, consisting of ten members, who shall serve without compensation, composed of representatives of cultural, educational, student and war veterans' groups, and including representatives of the United States Office of Education, the United States Veterans' Administration, State educational institutions, and privately endowed educational institutions: And Provided further, That in the selection of American citizens for study in foreign countries under this paragraph preference shall be given to applicants who shall have served in the milltary or naval forces of the United States during World War I or World War II, and due consideration shall be given to applicants from all geographical areas of the United States. The Secretary of State shall transmit to the Congress not later than the 1st day of March of each year a report of operations under this paragraph during the preceding calendar year. Such report shall include the text of any agreements which have been entered into hereunder during the preceding calendar year, and shall specify the names and addresses of American citizens who are attending schools or institutions of higher learning in foreign countries pursuant to such agreements, the names and locations of such schools and institutions, and the amounts of the currencies or credits for currencies expended for any of the purposes under this paragraph in each such foreign country during the preceding calendar year.

With respect to the use of foreign credits or currencies for educational programs, see also sec. 1415 of the Supplemental Appropriation Act, 1953, on p. 138, and sec. 1313 of the Supplemental Appropriation Act, 1954, on p. 143.

222 U. S. Ĉ. § 1536 note. The calendar year 1954 authorization for children's welfare work is contained in sec. 545 of the Mutual Security Act of 1951, as amended, see p. 39.

For further background on international children's welfare legislation see 22 U. S. C. §§1531-1536.

III. MUTUAL SECURITY ACT OF 1953

Public Law 118, Eighty-third Congress [H. R. 5710], 67 Stat. 152, Approved July 16, 1953, Section 710 (b)

NOTE.-Except for section 710 (b) the whole of the Mutual Security Act of 1953 consists of amendments to the Mutual Security Act of 1951, as amended, see p. 1, the Economic Cooperation Act of 1948, as amended, see p. 52, the Mutual Defense Assistance Act of 1949, as amended, see p. 90, and the Act for International Development, see p. 107.

SEC. 710 (b). Section 115 (k) of the Economic Cooperation Act of 1948, as amended, is repealed. Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to prevent the carrying out of any commitment or agreement entered into pursuant to such section 115 (k) prior to the date of enactment of this Act.

Powers of
President.

IV. ASSISTANCE TO GREECE AND TURKEY

Text of Public Law 75, Eightieth Congress [S. 938], 61 Stat. 103, approved May 22, 1947, as amended by the "Greek-Turkish Assistance Act of 1948", Title III of the "Foreign Assistance Act of 1948", Public Law 472, Eightieth Congress [S. 2202], 62 Stat. 157, approved April 3, 1948

1

Whereas 1 the Governments of Greece and Turkey have sought from the Government of the United States immediate financial and other assistance which is necessary for the maintenance of their national integrity and their survival as free nations; and

Whereas the national integrity and survival of these nations are of importance to the security of the United States and of all freedom-loving peoples and depend upon the receipt at this time of assistance; and

Whereas the Security Council of the United Nations has recognized the seriousness of the unsettled conditions prevailing on the border between Greece on the one hand and Albania, Bulgaria, and Yugoslavia on the other, and if the present emergency is met, may subsequently assume full responsibility for this phase of the problem as a result of the investigation which its commission is currently conducting; and

Whereas the Food and Agriculture Organization Mission for Greece recognized the necessity that Greece receive financial and economic assistance from the appropriate agencies of the United Nations and from the Governments of the United States and the United Kingdom; and

Whereas the United Nations is not now in a position to furnish to Greece and Turkey the financial and economic assistance which is immediately required; and

Whereas the furnishing of such assistance to Greece and Turkey by the United States will contribute to the freedom and independence of all members of the United Nations in conformity with the principles and purposes of the Charter: Now, therefore, Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That notwithstanding the provisions of any other law, the President may from time to time when he deems it in the interest of the United States to furnish assistance to Greece and Turkey,

1 Preamble will be found in 22 U. S. C. § 1401 note.

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