of the enemy-Subsequent operations-Assistance rendered by the Nepaulese troops-Mutiny at Chittagong and Dacca-Measures taken by the Indian Government during the Revolt-Acts passed-Arrest of the ex-King of Oude-Suppression of the Liberty of the Press-Promulgation of Resolution on the mode of dealing with natives charged with Mutiny -Defence of this Resolution by Governor-General in Council-Mode of transport of troops to the Upper Provinces-Loss of Revenue from the CHINA. Narrative of events reserved for next volume. INSURRECTION AT SARAWAK.-Attack by Chinese Settlers on the Sarawak Settlement-Outrages committed by the Chinese-Flight of Sir James Brooke and English Settlers-The Chinese attacked by the Dyaks-Sup- UNITED STATES.-Official declaration of number of votes for candidates for office of President—Inaugural Address of President Buchanan-The New Cabinet-Lord Napier appointed British Minister at Washington--Address of the President to him.-MESSAGE of the President.-TOPICS.-Financial Revulsion-Temporary National Loan-The Clayton-Bulwer Treaty-The Dallas-Clarendon Treaty-Abrogation of Clayton-Bulwer Treaty recom- mended-Difficulties with Spain-The Isthmus Routes-Filibustering Expeditions-The Kansas Question-Utah Territory: The Mormon War -The Pacific Railroad-The Tariff-Increase of the Army and Navy- The Public Lands-Extravagance in Legislation-The Veto Power [336 Majesty the Shah of Persia 431 tive to Neuchâtel. vate, for Session 1857 (a). . 483 LIST OF ACTS, Public and Pri- 436 State of the Country and of Public Opinion at the commencement of the year-Parliament opened on the 3rd of February by CommissionThe Royal Speech-The Address to the Throne moved in the House of Lords by the Earl of Cork, seconded by the Earl of Airlie-Speeches of the Earls of Derby, Clarendon and Grey, Lords Granville and Brougham, and the Lord Chancellor-An Amendment moved by Earl Grey is negatived by 45 to 12-In the House of Commons, the Address proposed by Sir John Ramsden is seconded by Sir Andrew AgnewMr. Disraeli, in a long speech, comments severely on the Foreign Policy of the Government, and on the state of the Finances-He is answered by the Chancellor of the Exchequer-Speech of Mr. Gladstone-Lord Palmerston vindicates the Foreign Policy of the Cabinet-Speeches of Lord John Russell, Mr. Gibson and other members-The Address is agreed to without division-Expulsion of Mr. James Sadleir from the House of Commons for frauds in the management of the Tipperary Joint-Stock Bank-LAW REFORM-Announcement made by the Lord Chancellor on the first night of the Session-Sir George Grey moves for leave to introduce a Bill to regulate Transportation and Secondary Punishments-His Speech-Observations of Sir John Pakington, Mr. Adderley, Sir J. Ramsden and other members-Leave given to bring in the Bill; also a Bill for establishing Reformatory Schools-MINISTRY OF JUSTICE-Mr. Napier moves an Address, praying for the appointment of a Law Officer to preside over the department of Public Justice -Lord Palmerston assents to the motion with some qualifications, and it is carried-EXTENSION OF THE COUNTY FRANCHISE-Motion by Mr. Locke King for this purpose: opposed by the Government, supported VOL. XCIX. [B] by Lord John Russell and Sir James Graham; rejected by 13 votes— ENDOWMENT OF MAYNOOTH-Mr. Spooner's sessional motion for repealing the Endowment negatived after a short debate by 167 to 159. TH THE first Session of the year 1857 was opened on the 3rd of February, the Speech from the Throne being delivered by the Lord Chancellor, under a Royal Commission. The country was at this time in a prosperous and tranquil state; political agitation seemed to be dormant. Occasional rumours of a change in the composition of the Ministry, and of an impending junction between Mr. Gladstone and the leader of the Conservative party in the House of Commons, served to amuse the public mind in anticipation of the annual meeting of the Legislature. One question, indeed, excited real interest in the country, and formed the topic of earnest discussion at public meetings. This was the income tax, the amount of which having been largely increased, to meet the exigencies of the war with Russia, it was now hoped, on the return of peace, that it would be found possible to reduce it to its original rate of sevenpence in the pound. But whether the defensive establishments of the country could with safety be thus early reduced to such an extent as to admit of a great remission of taxation was a point of much uncertainty, and not likely to be cleared up till the actual state of the national finances had been laid before Parliament. The Queen's Speech, on the opening of the Session, was delivered in the following terms : "My Lords and Gentlemen,"We are commanded to assure you that Her Majesty has great satisfaction in recurring again to the advice and assistance of Her Parliament. "We are commanded by Her Majesty to inform you, that difficulties, which arose in regard to some of the provisions of the treaty of Paris, delayed the complete execution of the stipulations of that treaty. Those difficulties have been overcome in a satisfactory manner, and the intentions of the treaty have been fully maintained. "An insurrectionary movement which took place in September last in the Swiss Canton of Neuchâtel, for the purpose of re-establishing in that Canton the authority of the King of Prussia, as Prince of Neuchâtel, led to serious differences between His Prussian Majesty and the Swiss Confederation, threatening at one time to disturb the general peace of Europe But Her Majesty commands us to inform you that, in concert with her august ally, the Emperor of the French, she is endeavouring to bring about an amicable settlement of the matters in dispute; and Her Majesty entertains a confident expectation that an honourable and satisfactory arrangement will be concluded. "In consequence of certain discussions which took place during the Conferences at Paris, and which are recorded in the protocols that were laid before you, Her Majesty and the Emperor of the French caused communications to be made to the Government of the King of the Two Sicilies, for the purpose of inducing him to adopt a course of policy calculated to avert dangers which might disturb that |