gans, primarily animal and secondarily or sympathetically intellectual, and, in the intellectual organs, primarily intellectual and secondarily or sympathetically animal.

SECTION VI.-Physiognomical Expressions of each Organ of Sense and the Parts connected with it.

Having thus generally considered the physiognomical power of these organs, I may now examine each distinctly, and explain its particular indications.

1. TOUCH.

On the sense of touch, it is not necessary to dwell. A finer organization of skin, especially where it covers the tips of the fingers, always indicates a finer sense of touch and corresponding sensibility of character; and vice versa.

The organ of touch is diffused over the body, but may be said to exist chiefly at the tips of the fingers. In the face, however, it may be said to

be represented chiefly by the lips. Their primary use is to touch the morsel, which is then comminuted by the teeth, before it can be tasted by the tongue. In inferior animals, the mouth, accordingly, takes the place of hands, and is the sole organ of touch; and even in man, when the hands are wanting, the lips are used for that purpose.

The lips may, therefore, be said at all times to represent the organ of touch, and to indicate its extent, accuracy, and delicacy, and consequently the ideas which are dependent upon it.

2. THE MOUTH.

The purposes of the mouth, however, are complicated; and, therefore, though the preceding is the primary use of the lips, it is not the sole one. The tongue is the proper organ of taste; but as it is always concealed from our view by the lips, and as the lips of all parts of the body possessing the most exquisite sense of touch, always bear an analogy in their form and delicacy to the tongue, they may be considered as also representing the organ of taste, and as indicating its extent, accu

racy, and delicacy, and consequently the passions which are dependent upon it.

Large lips always indicate greater capacity with regard to taste and its associated desires. Hence,

in the negro, who excels in that sense, the lips are greatly developed, and the sensibility as to taste greater.

Narrow and linear lips always indicate less capacity of taste and its assocated desires.

The horizontal width of the lips indicates the permanence of these functions; their vertical extent, intensity.

Lips with coarse, irregular, and ill defined outline, always indicate a corresponding rudeness of these functions.

Lips with fine, regular, well defined outline, on the contrary, always indicate a corresponding delicacy of these functions.

Nor is even this the only indication which the mouth affords, as the following observations will show.

Both the nose and mouth have intellectual sympathies and associations- though these are second

ary, not primary effects, and they will consequently afford corresponding indications.

All the parts connected with the lower jaw are acting parts. The under teeth act on the upper; the tongue which is below, on the palate above; and the under lip, upon the upper one. Now all these moving parts are under the influence of the will; and even their tendency to act indicates desire. Accordingly, we find that the under lip is protruded in that species of passion - is its infallible accompaniment and indication.

The under lip undeveloped, on the contrary, indicates the absence of active gratification.

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