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CONTENTS
NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS.
CHAPTER I.
Negotiability.
1. Genesis of law of bills and notes in mercantile usage..... 1
2. Decisions of courts adopt mercantile usage into common
law
3. Bills and notes are transferable obligations.......
4. Practical consequences of bills and notes being trans-
ferable ........
5. Same: Illustrations.......
6. How bills and notes may be transferred........
7. Summary: Bills and notes are negotiable......
.........
CHAPTER II.
Formal Requisites of Negotiable Instruments.
$ 8. In general.................
§ 8a. Ordinary forms of negotiable instruments...
§ 9. Materials for writing. Signature.......
§ 10. Note must contain a promise............
§ 11. Same (continued).......................
§ 12. Bill of exchange must contain an order...........
§ 13. Promise or order must be unconditional........
§ 14. Promise or order to pay out of particular fund is condi-
tional ........
........ 17
15. Same (continued)......
........ 18
$ 16. Statement of consideration does not make instrument con-
ditional ..........
.......... 19
§ 17. Promise or order must be certain in amount payable at
maturity ......
§ 18. Costs of collection and attorney's fees.....
19. Instruments payable with exchange........
20. Instruments payable in installments ......
21. Promise or order must be certain as to the time of payment.
& 22. Instruments payable on demand.
.............
§ 23. Promise or order must be to pay money.....
§ 24. Current funds.......
§ 25. Particular kind of money.....
Bill or note must order or promise payment of money only
27. Certainty of parties: Requisite parties......
Same (continued)......
§ 29. Certainty of parties: Maker or drawer..
Same: Signatures of agents.........
& 31. Same (continued).....
Certainty of parties: Payee.......
33. Fictitious payees ..................
34. Alternative payees..................
35. Successive holders of office as payees.
§ 36. Certainty of parties: Drawee.
37. Same (continued)........
38. Negotiable instrument must be payable to order or bearer
& 39. Order instruments..............
§ 40. Bearer instruments...........
Same: Payee not a person.....
42. Date of instrument. .....
§ 43. Value received...................
§ 44. Bills and notes defined........
CHAPTER III.
.....
Inception. Consideration. Acceptance.
SECTION 1.
Inception of an Instrument as an Obligation,
§ 45. Intentional signing...........
§ 46. Signing without reading: Carelessness. .........
§ 47. Carelessness a question of fact........
48. Intentional signing induced by fraud. ......
§ 49. “Delivery" ...
$ 50. Position of fraudulent payee or bearer........
$ 51. Position of payee in case of conditional delivery......
$ 52. Position of innocent purchaser of the instrument.......
§ 53. Incomplete instruments.......
§ 54. Innocent purchaser of instrument completed in excess of
authority ...........
....... 57
§ 55. Incomplete instruments not intentionally delivered as such. 57
§ 56. Presumption of delivery....
.....................
.......
SECTION 2.
Consideration.
§ 57. What a consideration is......
§ 58. Consideration necessary for negotiable instrument.....
59. Pre-existing debt as consideration.....
§ 60. Same (continued)...................
§ 61. Examples of consideration......
§ 62. Moral consideration............
§ 63. Presumption of consideration.........
SECTION 3.
Acceptance of Bills.
§ 64. Drawee not bound unless he accepts.
§ 65. Form of acceptance. Oral acceptance....
§ 66. Acceptance written on the bill.....
67. Extrinsic written acceptance.......
§ 68. Virtual acceptance....
§ 09. Constructive acceptance..
70. Kinds of acceptance........
Qualified acceptance......
72. Conditional acceptance.....
73. Partial acceptance. ........
§ 74. Local acceptance...
§ 75. Acceptance qualified as to time........
§ 76. Acceptance by less than all of drawecs...
§ 77. Acceptance by person not drawee........
§ 78. Holder may require an unqualified acceptance written on
bill
8 79. Effect of taking qualified acceptance......
CHAPTER IV.
Negotiation.
$ 80. Transfer generally......
s 81. Who may negotiate........
& 82. Transfer by delivery......
83. Form of indorsement........
§ 84. Indorsement must be in writing on the instrument.......
§ 85. Indorsement must be an order to pay.......
86. Indorsement must be an order to pay the whole sum due
on instrument......
§ 87. Indorsement is not binding unless instrument is delivered. 80
§ 88. Kinds of indorsement........
§ 89. Special indorsements........
8 90. Blank indorsements.
§ 91. Blank indorsement followed by special indorsement.......
§ 92. Special indorsement of instrument payable to bearer.....
8 93. Restrictive indorsement.
§ 94. Indorsement prohibiting further negotiation.......
§ 95. Indorsement constituting indorsee agent or trusteo of in-
dorser .......
§ 96. Indorsement in trust for third person.....
$ 97. Qualified indorsement................
§ 98. Conditional indorsements.....
§ 99. Delivery without indorsement........
CHAPTER V.
Rights of Holder in Due Course.
$100. In general.....
....................
..... 93
$101. Holder in due course must have acquired an existing in-
strument ......
$102. Same: Illegality and other defects........
$103. Same: Reasons stated. ........
$104. Defences not available against holder in due course. ..... 98
$105. Existing instrument must be acquired by holder in due
course ......
..... 99
$106. Purchase of instrument must be in good faith and with-
out notice of defences.
$107. Actual notice...............
.....100
$108. Constructive notice....................................101
$109. Purchase after maturity....
.........102
$110. Purchase from partner, agent, or trustee....... .....103
$111. Transferee must part with value in exchange for the in-
strument ..... ......
.....105
$112. What constitutes value .......
.....106
$113. Pre-existing debt as value......
......106
$114. Amount of value necessary...........
.107
$115. Same: Judicial explanation......
.108
$116. Notice to purchaser before he has parted with value.....
$117. Purchaser with notice from holder in due course. ........112
$118. Same: Participant in prior wrongdoing........
....
.110
...112