delicate operations of the eye. Dr. Underhill was the only cocaine fiend in the city I ever heard of, though there was a Colorado doctor who came here who was a victim to the cocaine habit."

Prof. Charles Fennel, Professor of Theory and Practice of Pharmacy, said: "I think I was the first person who brought cocaine to this city, and I believe the first person to use it was

THE LATE DR. AUB, THE OCULIST,

In operations upon the eye. That must have been after Koeler made the discovery of its anæsthetic properties at Heidelberg in 1884. There have been many experiments made with it, and it is one of the most useful drugs lately discovered as an anesthetic. Frogs, according to some experimenters, are more sensitive to its action than warm-blooded animals. According to some it impairs reflex activity. In doses of 1-120 of grain to 1-40 it stimulates and often paralyzes the organs of volition and respiration, and dilates the pupils. Larger doses occasion reflex spasm and anæsthesia, and excessive or lectral doses immediately produce muscular resolution."

"Is there any demand for it by the public?"

"Yes, considerable. Many people come in and ask for it to cure toothache, as they have a mistaken idea that

A MERE APPLICATION

Will give immediate relief in all kinds of pains. As a matter of fact it does not. The nerve must be exposed and the cocaine locally applied. People get in the habit of using it from the indiscriminate sale of it, as the laws relating to the sale of poisons are neither observed nor enforced. I make it a rule to refuse the sale of it unless on a physician's prescription. The latest thing about cocaine is the partial synthesis of cocaine; that is its artificial production. The latest researchers C. Liebermann and F. Giesel, demonstrate that it can be produced in a very short time. The process is very complicated. They are all substitution products— alcohol and compound ether groups."

HIS LIFE INSURANCE.

The probability is that the Doctor had only one insurance policy on his life, and that for $3,000. Some years ago E. T. Carson withdrew his name from a Masonic Benevolent Association on account of habits of intemperance. The Doctor was very angry and got after Mr. Carson with a sharp stick and made him reinstate him, then he refused to pay any more dues, and of course dropped out. When his wife and family some two years ago

1

endeavored to put the Doctor under restraint Drs. Reamy and Carson were called in, and a big burly colored man was put in his house and took charge of him. This the Doctor indignantly resented, and without the knowledge of his attorneys, who were Messrs. Johnson and J. C. Jones, he quietly slipped over to Newport, Ky., and late one evening sent for them. He said to them that he was out of the jurisdiction of the Ohio Courts, and positively refused to come back; that

A PLOT WAS ON FOOT

To lock him up in either Longview or the Sanitarium. "I shall submit to no such indignity," he furiously said; "even if it costs me my life I won't submit." Mr. Johnson was not only his attorney, but a friend of the family, and nothing he could do or say could move the Doctor in his determination. He said he wanted rest and quiet, and would go to some retired place and have it. He remained in Newport some time, and then was induced to come to the Hotel Emery, where his attorneys, seeing he was no better, insisted on his having medical advice, and he called in Drs. Thacker and Trush, so that they had nothing to do with secreting him. It was the Doctor's own purpose to resist all effort to confine him. At one time he carried fron $10,000 to $15,000 insurance on his life, but one of the companies failed and he canceled his policies in others.

DR. A. J. MILES,

Who was a fellow professor with the doctor in college, said: "The case was a most remarkable one. I knew the doctor well, and the strange part of it is that a man who was so strong a temperance man should succumb to the habit. He never touched liquor, not even native wine. I recollect when we had the professors' lunch that Dr. Aub gave, we had some Rhine wine and native wines, and the doctor would not touch a drop. Why, he wouldn't even smoke, but held a cigar in his mouth and chewed at the end. I think he had pulmonary trouble, in fact, know he had hemorrhages, and began the use of morphine to ease his pain. He even took a trip to the Bermudes and Florida for his health, and I presume when the morphine habit grew on him he tried cocaine as an antidote. His case is a sad one. He was a bright man, and had a glorious. future before him."

DR. J. T. WHITTAKER

Said: "Coco, or more properly coca, is a remedy comparatively new in materia medica, but its popular use is as old, as far as we

know, as opium itself. In comparatively modern times the wood of the coca tree, as one of the red woods, has become an article of extensive commerce on account of its color; but long before this period the leaves were found in common use as a masticatory by the natives of various parts of South America. The tree grows spontaneously in the east of the Andes, but has been successfully cultivated in Bolivia. It is estimated that eight millions of people chew the leaves of coca, which they carry in leathern pouches mixed with the ash of other plants, which alkali softens the leaves for easier mastication. Two to three ounces of the leaves constitute

THE AVERAGE DAILY QUANTITY

For each individual, but this quantity is exceeded when extra labor is to be performed. It is the universal testimony of all travelers that coca begets a certain exhilaration, a feeling of buoyancy and light-heartedness, an increase of muscular strength, insensibility to fatigue, obtunding of the sense of hunger, a peculiar suppleness of motion, and long-windedness at high altitudes. Dr. Archibald Smith says that coca, when fresh and good and used moderately, increases nervous energy, removes drowsiness, enlivens the spirit and enables the Indian to bear cold, wet, great bodily exertion and even want of food to a surprising degree with apparent ease and impunity."

DR. UNDERHILL'S FUNERAL.

The remains of the late Dr. J. W. Underhill will be laid away in Spring Grove this morning. The funeral services will be held at Spring Grove Chapel at eleven o'clock. Mrs. Underhill will arrive from Cambridge this morning to attend the last sad rites.— Enquirer.

BOOK REVIEWS.

THE CASE OF EMPEROR FREDERICK III.

FULL OFFICIAL REPORT BY THE GERMAN PHYSICIANS, AND BY SIR MORELL MACKENZIE.

The German reports furnished by Henry Schweig, M. D., New York, 48 University Place, Edgar S. Werner.

This is the first English edition of the German reports of this celebrated case. Those who have read Sir Morell Mackenzie's report should now read the account given by the German physicians, and then will they begin to realize the terrible persecution

which was encountered by Sir Morell during the entire course of .the case. With one exception the German physicians seem to have given forth their reports for the single purpose of maligning Sir Morell Mackenzie. The full extent to which professional jealousy will carry the ordinarily courteous physician can here be

seen.

On reading Mackenzie's. port, before I had seen the report of the Germans, I expressed myself in this Journal that Sir Morell was too severe in his treatment of his colleagues; but after reading from their own pens how they have confessedly abused their foreign confrere, I can only express my wonder that Mackenzie has so well. restrained himself.

Of the diagnostic questions which are here raised we can only say that the political importance of the patient threw so great a responsibility on the attending physicians that only when all question was removed, could a positive opinion be ventured. But as to the treatment of the case there can be no question as to the propriety of the conservative course persued. When such dangerous methods as those proposed are to be adopted the case should be one on which so much responsibility does not devolve.

Doubtful operations should not be practiced on such conspicuous patients.

Those who read the entire reports will be struck by the candor of Mackenzie, contrasted with the evidently made up reports of the Germans.

LITERARY ITEMS.

Messrs. J. B. Lippincott Company announce to the profession the publication of a Cyclopædia of the diseases of children, medical and surgical, by American, British, and Canadian authors, edited by John M. Keating, M.D., in four imperial octavo volumes; to be sold by subscription only. The first volume will be issued early in April, and the subsequent volumes at short intervals.

A thorough knowledge of the diseases of children is a matter of the greatest importance to most physicians, and as this is the only work of the kind that has been published in English, it will be invaluable as a text-book and work of reference for the busy practitioner.

H. LONGSTREET TAYLOR, A.M., M.D., EDITOR.

Professor of Surgery in the Cincinnati Polyclinic, Surgeon to the German Protestant Hospital and to the Home for the Friendless and Foundlings.

THE DISCOVERY OF ANAESTHESIA.

The comparatively short time that mankind has enjoyed the blessings conferred by the discovery of the anesthetic properties of certain agents is vividly recalled by an article from the pen of Dr. Wm. Squire, who, on Monday, Dec. 21, 1846, administered ether to a patient of Liston's, upon whom the first major operation in London under an anesthetic, was made. It appeared in the Lancet, Dec. 22, 1888. While very interesting in many respects, describing the symptoms produced by the inhalation and the rapidity with which the skillful surgeon amputated the thigh, a record nowadays not so often preserved as in those preanaesthetic times, when speed was of such vital importance to the suffering patient, yet open to criticism in regard to historic truth—a slight inaccuracy in this regard, showing itself here as it does in so many articles, as to the discoverer of anesthesia.

Dr. Squire awards the palm to Morton. The facts in the case are as follows, if any facts can really be gleamed from the harvest field, which has been so thoroughly harvested in the search for truth, and where so much was done to blind the searcher by the principles in the most unfortunate and bitter controversy that ever dimmed the pages of medical history.

Dr. Long, of Jefferson, Georgia, removed a tumor from a patient who was under the influence of ether vapor, as early as 1842. About this time it was not unusual to find persons in the