faith, we frequently found common ground and mutual interests, and always a better understanding of our problems through frank discussion of points of variance.

More and more I came to value his calm, dispassionate appraisal of conflicting issues, his deep and unerring insight into the motives underlying legislative strategy, his keen power of analysis of economic problems, and especially his unswerving integrity in his dealings with his colleagues, his constituency, and his country. He was by nature a conservative. He was never swept from his moorings; never hurried; never stampeded; never vindictive. It was inevitable that he should become one of the pillars around which the members of his party gathered in times of stress. His exhaustive study of procedure and his wide knowledge of parliamentary law made him particularly valuable, and his decisions as Speaker pro tempore and as Chairman of the Committee of the Whole, over which he frequently presided, are among the most scholarly and authoritative in the precedents of the House. At the same time, when conditions warranted, he was one of the most progressive leaders of the House.

He held his place

Held the long purpose like a growing tree

Held on through blame and faltered not at praise.

And when he fell, he went down

As when a lordly cedar, green with boughs,

Goes down with a great shout upon the hills,
And leaves a lonesome place against the sky.

His service to his district and his constituents cannot be measured in words. No task was too great; no request too small; no obstacle too discouraging when the interest of his district or a constituent was to be served. When a request came he did not wait to learn the affiliations of the applicant. It mattered not whether they had been friend or foe, whether they had supported or opposed him; high or low, influential or unknown-he served them all without fear or favor. It is not to be wondered that he had the devoted affection and support of all who really knew him, regardless of

party affiliation or condition in life. And in the fateful election of 1932, when every State save two overwhelmed his party in a landslide unprecedented in the political history of the Nation-when his own State was swept by a political storm of such proportions as to leave only a solitary landmark here and there, he was returned to the House by voters who singled him out on opposing tickets-one of the political miracles of that memorable election.

I viewed their last tribute to him. As his cortege passed slowly through the streets of his beloved city, the vast and silent concourse of people-his people-who lined the streets and filled to overflowing every point of vantage along the route of the procession, evidenced an affection and appreciation more eloquent than any eulogy of press or pulpit. And as I watched them in that solemn hour of exalted abnegation, I thought with them:

He was a man, take him for all in all,

We shall not look upon his like again.

Mr. Speaker, under the leave granted me to extend my remarks in the Record, I desire to include the following editorial from the Grand Rapids Press of December 13, 1939:

A REAL AMERICAN

Death has ended the quiet, able, and courageous influence of Representative CARL E. MAPES in the conduct of the Nation's affairs and in the service of his district—a service which has extended without break, either in its continuity or its usefulness, since his first election to Congress in November 1912.

No praise for the people of Kent and Ottawa Counties can exceed the accolade they have conferred upon themselves in holding quiet worth above more sensational qualities, and standing by CARL MAPES through 27 years. With a sound intuition the district came to appreciate that if CARL MAPES spoke seldom, he spoke always from conviction and intelligence; that if he did not move easily with popular whim, it was because his mind and character rebelled against mere expediency, and insisted upon plumbing down to truth. Something only the best men in politics acquire was his-the innate and deep respect of his constituents, a respect stronger than any differences of the day.

Politics to CARL MAPES was the science of good government, never a means to any selfish or unpatriotic end. If there is hope in representative government, it is in the existence of a leaven of such straight men as this at Washington, who answer in the best sense to the definition of patriots.

Beginning as assistant prosecutor and State legislator from this county, Mr. MAPES devoted almost his entire adult life to the public service. His colleagues at Washington took his measure soon after he had begun his congressional career. They turned his earnestness and his excellent mind to good account in the all-important committee work behind the scenes. As chairman of the District Committee he was the "uncrowned mayor of Washington," and served ably in the reorganizing of the Capital's administration and its laws. As a parliamentarian of first rank he came to be indispensable in the floor leadership of successive administrations. By 1932 he shared with his good friend, the late Bert Snell, the party's favor for the Speakership; and it was well known last year that if he had cared to abandon his place as ranking Republican on the powerful Rules and Interstate and Foreign Commerce Committees he could have taken the Republican House leadership. The faith of voters at home gave him seniority; but the quality of the man turned seniority into a far greater power than time alone could have made it.

Mr. MAPES was a strong believer in party government but never was in any sense subservient to the machine or the boss. He stood by his party in the broad major outlines of its policy but never hesitated to break with it when conscience or a sense of the public welfare dictated rebellion. He campaigned vigorously at every election, but no fear of personal fortunes controlled him. Those who recall the 1934 and 1936 elections, and the part his vigorous opposition to the liquor traffic played in his near-defeats in primaries or finals, know that when Mr. MAPES voted in Congress on the liquor referendum he was fully aware that he probably was signing his own political death warrant. But somehow a majority looked at the man and his courage instead of the immediate issue and stood with him while most of the district disagreed with his action.

Among his true friends were men of the Democratic Party who loved him for his human worth and did not hesitate to call upon his great ability. Major credit went to him from Congressman Sam Rayburn for the drafting of the new securities and exchange law, which Mr. MAPES insisted in regarding as so important that it transcended all party lines.

But his best friends were humble people in every corner of his district, who knew how genuine was his interest in them and their work and their families. The greatness of simplicity was his; the simplicity of a man who was real to the core, and needed no pomp nor fine words to make others aware of his quality.

It will be a long search before Kent and Ottawa Counties find such another. In CARL MAPES they had as their spokesman one of the recognized 10 ablest men in Congress. The one great hope is that both parties, in seeking his successor, will apply as their rules of choice the qualities of CARL MAPES himself, and will attempt as well as they can to procure these high merits of patriotism, industriousness, and integrity in the individual who is to fill his place. That is a real challenge. The people have known CARL MAPES too long to be satisfied with a self-serving or small man as their servant at Washington. They have known a man to whom they could direct their sons for an example of fine Americanism; a man who honored politics and government by his association with them.

Remarks by Representative Brown

Of Ohio

Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I rise to pay tribute to the memory of one of the finest gentlemen ever to serve in the Congress of the United States. I refer to Hon. CARL E. MAPES, late Representative from Michigan.

CARL E. MAPES was a quiet, unassuming man. He did not use the clash of cymbals or the blare of brass to herald his coming or to call attention to his deeds. Yet perhaps no man in recent years has had a greater influence in the Congress of the United States than CARL E. MAPES. Those who served with him knew when the legislative storms came the gentleman from Michigan, calm and collected, always facing the future with a serene courage, was one to whom all could turn for inspiration and leadership in the hour of need.

He will be missed by all of his colleagues, regardless of partisanship; but to the younger Members of Congress-those serving their apprenticeship in the House-the passing of CARL MAPES was a real tragedy. Out of the bigness of his soul and the kindliness of his heart CARL MAPES took a special interest in the welfare of the men coming into the House of Representatives for their first service. He extended to these neophytes his warm friendship, his helpful advice, and his encouragement. They in turn gave to him their respect and deep appreciation.

CARL E. MAPES was a Christian gentleman. He was a true patriot. His passing came, as I believe he would have wanted it, while in the active service of his country. CARL MAPES has gone from these legislative halls, but he lives on in the memories of his colleagues, who loved and honored him, and in the great contributions he has made to his beloved America as a Member of Congress.