September 10, 1956, but the charter bears the date September 20, the date of the meeting referred to in the letter.

Mr. KENNEDY. And the letter requesting the meeting was not sent until September 10?

Mr. CONSTANDY. That is correct.

Mr. KENNEDY. But the minutes would appear to indicate that this all occurred on September 5?

Mr. CONSTANDY. Yes. I would like to call attention, too, to the fact that there are only two preceding entries in the minutes of the international-I am sorry; there are three preceding minutes. Mr. KENNEDY. Then 531 came into existence?

Mr. CONSTANDY. That is correct.

Mr. KENNEDY. And became 531 of the UIU, with Mr. Al Cohen as the president. Then they started to get membership, is that right? From then on the UIU began to receive some money?

Mr. CONSTANDY. Yes, according to the registration forms of the Department of Labor again, the income reported for the fiscal period July 1, 1956, to June 30, 1957, show dues amounting to $1,386, with initiations at $97. With initiations being $1 apiece, it would indicate that there were 97 new members taken into the international during that period.

The report for 1958 shows income from dues at $3,090.65. This could be divided at the rate of 25 cents per member per month. The income from initiations is listed at $235, which, at $1 apiece, would indicate 235 members for that year, July 1957 to June 1958, for a total of those listed in the two forms of 332.

Mr. KENNEDY. If all of them stayed in?

Mr. CONSTANDY. If all of them stayed in; yes.

Mr. KENNEDY. What about local 531? They became active, but how long did they remain active?

Mr. CONSTANDY. They remained active until the early part of 1957, when they were enjoined by supreme court action in New York County. Mr. KENNEDY. Did Mr. LaRocco also tell us about Local 815 of the Cafeteria and Restaurant Employees of the UIU?

Mr. CONSTANDY. Mr. LaRocco mentioned that there were eight employees at the Olean Restaurant which were members of local 710, of which Mr. LaRocco was president; that a new local, local 815, was chartered really to service these eight employees, who were employees of a Japanese restaurant, which is the only distinguishing feature with them.

The secretary, as reported to Mr. Kelly of our staff, was the U.S. mailman who services the office of the international, and Mr. LaRocco, through Mr. Kelly, stated the mailman is active in organizational work on his route.

Mr. KENNEDY. And this local union, which has eight members?
Mr. CONSTANDY. That is correct.

Mr. KENNEDY. And the U.S. mailman who brings the mail to the office is the secretary-treasurer of the union, while delivering the mail he is supposed to also try to attempt to organize the employees? Mr. CONSTANDY. Yes.

Mr. KENNEDY. Is there anything about this, Mr. LaRocco, that you wish to tell us?

TESTIMONY OF JOSEPH LAROCCO, ACCOMPANIED BY COUNSEL, JULIUS HELFAND-Resumed

Mr. LaRocco. No.

Mr. KENNEDY. Was the union reactivated in order to set Mr. Al Cohen up in the business of attempting to organize the coin-machine employees in the New York City area?

Mr. LaRocco. I refuse to answer on the ground that the answer might tend to incriminate me.

Mr. KENNEDY. That is all, Mr. Chairman.

The CHAIRMAN. All right. Call the next witness.

Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. Morris.

The CHAIRMAN. You do solemnly swear the evidence you shall give before this Senate select committee shall be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help you God?

Mr. MORRIS. I do.

TESTIMONY OF HAROLD MORRIS

The CHAIRMAN. State your name, your place of residence, and your business or occupation.

Mr. MORRIS. My name is Harold Morris. I live at 745 Park Lane, East Meadow, Long Island. I am a self-employed mechanic. I do service work for various operators in the business.

The CHAIRMAN. Various operators in what business?

Mr. MORRIS. In the jukebox and game business.

The CHAIRMAN. Do you waive counsel ?

Mr. MORRIS. Yes.

Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. Chairman, this witness has been an employee active in the jukebox business for a number of years, and has had a considerable amount of experience with various unions that we have discussed in the past and which we will continue to discuss. So his testimony is important along those lines.

In 1947, Mr. Morris, you worked for the Emby Co., which was a company operated and owned by Meyer Lansky.

Mr. MORRIS. Yes, sir.

Mr. KENNEDY. And they distributed the Wurlitzer machine, and you worked as a repairman on their machine route?

Mr. MORRIS. Yes, sir.

Mr. KENNEDY. At that time they had union labels on their machines?

Mr. MORRIS. Yes.

Mr. KENNEDY. Were you a member of the union?

Mr. MORRIS. No.

Mr. KENNEDY. Were any of your fellow employees members of the union?

Mr. MORRIS. I don't know.

Mr. KENNEDY. Did you understand any of them were?

Mr. MORRIS. I believe none of them were.

Mr. KENNEDY. But you certainly were not a member of the union? Mr. MORRIS. That is right.

Mr. KENNEDY. Do you know how it was arranged, therefore, for all of the machines of Mr. Lansky to have union labels?

Mr. MORRIS. No.

Mr. KENNEDY. Then you went to work in 1948 for George Briggs; after Mr. Lansky disposed of his interest, is that right?

Mr. MORRIS. Yes.

Mr. KENNEDY. He is a jukebox operator in Brooklyn?

Mr. MORRIS. Yes.

Mr. KENNEDY. At that time, the union required 1 union man for every 50 machines; is that right?

Mr. MORRIS. That is right.

Mr. KENNEDY. The owner was the union man?

Mr. MORRIS. Yes, he was listed as one.

Mr. KENNEDY. Were you a member of the union?

Mr. MORRIS. No.

Mr. KENNEDY. Just the owner and then he had one other employee? Mr. MORRIS. That is right.

Mr. KENNEDY. They were in the union and you were not?

Mr. MORRIS. That is right.

Mr. KENNEDY. Why weren't you in the union?

Mr. MORRIS. He felt he would rather pay for himself, and I was with him almost 3 years and all this time he paid for himself and the one other employee.

Mr. KENNEDY. Then in 1951 you went to work for another jukebox operator by the name of Kramer?

Mr. MORRIS. That is right.

Mr. KENNEDY. He had some 70 jukeboxes and 5 games?

Mr. MORRIS. That is right.

Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. Kramer had you do all the work; is that right? You were the sole employee?

Mr. MORRIS. That is right.

Mr. KENNEDY. His machines also had union labels?

Mr. MORRIS. Yes, sir.

Mr. KENNEDY. Were you a member of the union?

Mr. MORRIS. No.

Mr. KENNEDY. And you were the only employee?

Mr. MORRIS. That is right.

Mr. KENNEDY. Then in November of 1951 you went to work for the Union Automatic Music Co.?

Mr. MORRIS. Yes.

Mr. KENNEDY. And they had some 300 union label jukeboxes?

Mr. MORRIS. That is right.

Mr. KENNEDY. Were you ever asked to join the union? Did you become a member of the union then?

Mr. MORRIS. No.

Mr. KENNEDY. You did not. You were asked to join the union in 1952 by the head of local 1690, Mr. Schlang?

Mr. MORRIS. Yes.

Mr. KENNEDY. And you didn't join?

Mr. MORRIS. That is right.

Mr. KENNEDY. Yet all of his machines had union labels?

Mr. MORRIS. That is right.

Mr. KENNEDY. Then in 1952 you obtained some of your own machines while working as a freelance mechanic?

Mr. MORRIS. No. I was working for Union Automatic and I placed some machines.

Mr. KENNEDY. While you were working for a company called the Union Automatic Music Co., which we just mentioned, you also set up your own route; is that right?

Mr. MORRIS. That is right.

Mr. KENNEDY. Afterward, in 1953, you joined the association?

Mr. MORRIS. During that time, I also bought a route, during that time, and then I left Union Automatic and I had my own machines to take care of. Then I joined the association.

Mr. KENNEDY. Then you bought 16 locations from a man by the name of

Mr. MORRIS. That is the machines I bought.

Mr. KENNEDY. First you had 10 machines, and then you had 16 more locations which you bought from a man by the name of Vito Pepi?

Mr. KENNEDY. After he sold these locations to you, what arrangements did you make?

Mr. MORRIS. I paid his dues in the union.

Mr. KENNEDY. In his name?

Mr. MORRIS. In his name.

Mr. KENNEDY. After he had sold it to you?
Mr. MORRIS That is right.

Mr. KENNEDY. And you received the labels?

Mr. MORRIS. I received the labels, and I put the labels on the machines.

Mr. KENNEDY. This was a route that you had purchased and you just continued to pay in his name the dues to the union?

Mr. MORRIS. That is right.

Mr. KENNEDY. The union and union officials were not very interested in what was going on, obviously.

Mr. MORRIS. No.

Senator CHURCH. In other words, the whole time that you were an employee in this business, for one operator or another, you never were a member of the union although the machines on which you worked all bore union labels?

Mr. MORRIS. That is correct.

Senator CHURCH. Once you became an operator and the owner of some machines, then you commenced paying dues into the union for the first time?

Mr. MORRIS. That is correct.

Mr. KENNEDY. During this period of time, there were a number of different unions that were active in this field, or was this mostly 1690? Mr. MORRIS. No, there were some prior unions to it. Mike Calland's union, 786, and then another one, and then 1690.

Mr. KENNEDY. So there were three or four different unions?
Mr. MORRIS. That is right.

Mr. KENNEDY. And the Association of Music Operators of New York?

Mr. MORRIS. Yes.

Mr. KENNEDY. Then in May 1953 you finally broke down and joined local 1690; is that right?

Mr. MORRIS. That is right.

Mr. KENNEDY. And you paid $27 initiation fees and $5 monthly dues, is that right, 40 or 45 cents on each machine?

Mr. MORRIS. Yes.

Mr. KENNEDY. At that time did you tell the union that you owned this other route that had belonged to Mr. Pepi and that you had been paying in his name?

Mr. MORRIS. That is right. That is when we transferred them

over.

Mr. KENNEDY. What did the union officials say about that?

Mr. MORRIS. They suggested that I go up and straighten myself

out with the association.

Mr. KENNEDY. They said you shouldn't be doing that without the association's permission?

Mr. MORRIS. Not with permission, but just to straighten myself out with them and join the association.

Mr. KENNEDY. Was he upset that you had been paying these dues in Pepi's name and hadn't made any arrangements?

Mr. MORRIS. No. They had known I was doing that.

Mr. KENNEDY. He just sent you up to the association?

Mr. MORRIS. That is right.

Mr. KENNEDY. Did you straighten yourself out with the association?

Mr. MORRIS. Yes.

Mr. KENNEDY. Did anybody from the association tell you what advantage it would give to you about not permitting jumping and things like that?

Mr. MORRIS. Well, they said there was a bond and one member wouldn't jump another member's location, and with the union the union would picket any nonmember, so therefore, you were covered in two or three different ways.

Mr. KENNEDY. So it was a very nice arrangement, belonging to the association.

Mr. MORRIS. Yes.

Mr. KENNEDY. You were told that by, among others, Mr. Nash Gordon, who was the office manager?

Mr. MORRIS. That is right.

Mr. KENNEDY. Then you also had a conversation with Mr. Denver and Mr. Schlang, who was head of local 1690, along the same lines? Mr. MORRIS. That is right.

Mr. KENNEDY. About the union providing the pickets. Then in October 1954, you lost your job with the Union Automatic Music Co.; is that right?

Mr. MORRIS. Yes.

Mr. KENNEDY. And when you lost your job, you were operating your own business, your own route, but then did you lose some locations?

Mr. MORRIS. That is right.

Mr. KENNEDY. And then did you complain to the union at that time?

Mr. MORRIS. Yes, I complained to the union and they said they couldn't do anything. I complained to Mr. Denver and he said he couldn't do anything, either.