quarters of the total foreign-born population of the country and included 70 per cent of all the places having over 1,000 foreign born (see Diagram 1, p 28). Table I and Diagram 3 DIAGRAM 3.-INCREASE IN NUMBER OF CITIES WITH OVER 1,000 FOREIGN BORN REPORTING PUBLIC SCHOOL PROVISION FOR FOREIGN Born, 1914–15 TO 1918-19

also show the number of places in these states having over 1,000 foreign born which report educational opportunities as compared with the number in the remaining states. By comparing the percentages of places reporting provision in the two groups of states it is evident that the increase from 33 to 50 per cent in the "nonimmigrant" states exceeds that in the immigrant states, where the increase was from 38

to 47 per cent. That is, the proportion of immigrant cities where new work has begun during the four-year period did not increase in the states having the greatest concentration of foreign-born population as much as in "nonimmigrant" states. The "non-immigrant states show a similarly greater rate of increase of provision in places having less than 1,000 foreign born. It is apparent then that at best the work has developed in only about 50 per cent of places having over 1,000 foreign born, and that the thirty-eight states having the smallest number of immigrants make the better showing in this respect. Need for increased effort is strikingly evident. The accompanying map (Map 2) shows for each state what percentage of places, out of all localities having over 1,000 foreign born, report work.

We have been discussing states and communities classified as to numbers of foreign born. In Table II and Diagram 4 all communities having a population of over 2,500, as listed in the 1917 directory of the United States Bureau of Education, are classified in five groups on the basis of their percentage of foreign-born population, together with their reports on immigrant education; in the table these five classes of cities are further subdivided into three groups according to total population.

The same striking inadequacy of provision is brought out by this table with respect to various classes of cities as is brought out in Table I in relation to cities with 1,000 or more

immigrants. In a comparison of cities classified by per cent of foreign-born population, the 'best showing is 53 per cent for the group having from 30 to 39 per cent foreign born-again only about half of the group.

TABLE II

PUBLIC SCHOOL PROVISION FOR FOREIGN BORN REPORTED IN 1918-19 BY CLASSES OF PLACES

It seems conservative to say that all places which have a population over 20 per cent foreign born need to have schools for immi

DIAGRAM 4.-PERCENTAGES OF FIVE CLASSES OF CITIES REPORTING PUBLIC SCHOOL PROVISION FOR FOREIGN BORN, 1918-19

Percentages s reporting 50 provision

20-29 30-39 140 and over

946 Classification of cities by per cent of population

Reporting provision

Not reporting provision

Not reporting provision

with 20% and over foreign-born

grants. In 1910 the foreign born were 23 per cent of all our urban population, so that most cities with 20 per cent or more foreign born have a percentage higher than the average