1496. Officers and troops serving under the immediate orders of the Chief of Engineers will not be diverted from such service except in cases of marked public exigencies, and when so diverted the officers will immediately report the facts to the Chief of Engineers, forwarding a copy of the orders they may have received. The officer issuing the order will transmit a copy directly to the War Department. Upon the termination of the exigency such officers or troops will be returned to their prior service, unless otherwise directed by the Chief of Engineers.

1497. The senior officer of engineers commanding engineer troops serving with an army, a field army, or an independent division in the field, will be attached to general headquarters of that organization, but will not be a member of the staff of the commanding officer unless specifically so appointed.

1498. The senior officer of engineers serving with an army, a field army, a division, a brigade, or a smaller body, will communicate to the commander thereof any orders received from any engineer officer who has authority to issue such orders.

.1499. An engineer directed to superintend any works to be constructed by troops will point out what is to be done, and will maintain such a supervision as will enable him to see that it is done correctly. It will be the duty of the officer having charge of the detachment to execute the work in accordance with the instructions of the engineer officer in charge. The detail of troops for work to be carried on under the superintendence of engineers will be furnished on requisition addressed to the officer in chief command of the troops by the senior engineer officer on the staff of that command. The requisition will specify the number of men required, the times and places at which they will assemble to commence work, and the name and rank of the engineer officer to whom they will report. The requisition may be for part of a day or night, for a whole day or night, for a week or a longer period, according to circumstances, the duration of the service always being specified.

1500. When on duty in the field with armies or other independent organizations, engineer officers making surveys and reconnaissances will at once forward their maps and reports of operations to the proper officer at headquarters, who will report directly to the commanding officer at those headquarters.

1501. The senior engineer officer serving with an army or other independent organization in the field will, subject to the approval of his commanding officer, report monthly to the Chief of Engineers, United States Army, the operations of the engineer force under his direction sufficiently in detail to show the nature and extent of the operations and the respective portions executed by the several engineer officers engaged therein.

1502. The senior engineer officer will also cause to be made plans of all works executed under his direction, and will cause journals to be kept, showing by drawings and descriptions, as far as practicable, each day's events. These plans and descriptions, with maps of all surveys and reconnaissances and explanatory reports or memoirs, will be carefully preserved and transmitted at suitable opportunities to the Chief of Engineers, United States Army.

1503. When an engineer officer is sent to any military department, fortress, garrison, or post, a duplicate of his orders will be sent to the commanding

On his arrival the engineer officer will communicate his orders, and necessary facilities for executing them will be afforded by the commanding

While so on duty, without being especially put under the direction of the commanding officer, the engineer officer will be furnished with copies of all orders and regulations of the command relative to etiquette and police and with the countersign when quartered within a chain of sentinels. The engineer

officer will report to the commanding officer when relieved from duty within the limits of the command.

1504. Engineer officers engaged in the construction of fortifications or other public works are entitled to the same allowances as are provided by regulations for officers at garrisoned posts.

1505. All plans for new fortifications, and all plans embodying important structural changes in existing fortifications, will be sent to the Chief of Staff, through the Chief of Coast Artillery, for the approval of the Secretary of War. The plans will be prepared for approval by the Chief of Engineers, and the Chief of Coast Artillery, and by the Chief of Staff, for the Secretary of War. No alterations will be made in any fortification or in its casemates, quarters, barracks, magazines, storehouses, or any other building belonging to it, nor will any building of any kind, or work of earth, masonry, or timber be erected within any fortification, or within a mile of its exterior, except under the direction of the Chief of Engineers, and by authority of the Secretary of War.

1505. 1. All electrical equipment connected with new fortifications under construction, or old fortifications not in the hands of coast artillery troops undergoing structural modifications, shall be installed by the Corps of Engineers in the course of such construction or modification, and after the new or the modified fortifications shall have been turned over to the Coast Artillery Corps for service, all work of maintenance and all ordinary repairs of said electrical equipment shall be done by coast artillery troops under the supervision of coast defense commanders. Repairs involving construction work, or structural modifications of the fortifications, of an engineering nature, shall be made by the Corps of Engineers.

2. Installation of new articles of electrical equipment in old fortifications in charge of the Coast Artillery Corps shall be made by the Coast Artillery Corps; provided that any structural changes of the fortifications that may be necessary to prepare them to receive said installations shall be made by the Corps of Engineers. The Coast Artillery shall install and connect up with the existing system all circuits of such new installations.

3. The Coast Artillery Corps shall be charged with the installation and maintenance of submarine mine and submarine fire-control cables.

1506. When the Chief of Engineers is satisfied that any fortification or any of its accessories is in all respects complete, so far as the functions of his department are concerned, he will give notice thereof, in writing, to the Chief of Staff, that it may be turned over to the troops for use and care. Until its completion has been so announced, no work will be occupied by troops except by the special order of the War Department.

1507. Travel allowances for officers of the Corps of Engineers, or for those on engineer duty, traveling on service connected with works of public improvement which are not of a military character will be paid from the special appropriation for the work. When changing station or traveling on duty connected with fortifications, or on any other military duty, the mileage will be paid by the Quartermaster Corps from the appropriation for mileage of the Army, except in cases where some other appropriation specifically provides that the travel allowance shall be paid therefrom.

1508. When necessary in field operations, an engineer officer shall be detailed as director of communications, charged with all road and railroad work and operation between the rear of the army and the advanced field base. He shall be under the orders of the general commanding in the field and shall submit requisitions for the funds required for his work through the headquarters of 2402°-13-19

that officer, disbursements to be made and accounts rendered under the regulations for the control of the Engineer Department.

1509. In operations in the field, transfers of funds and material pertaining to the engineer work of a command may be made between officers of the command on the order of the commanding officer.

1510. Engineer supplies will be issued to the Organized Militia of the several States, Territories, and the District of Columbia in accordance with the provisions of "An act to promote the efficiency of the militia, and for other purposes," approved January 21, 1903, as amended by the act of Congress approved May 27, 1908, upon proper requisition therefor.

ARTICLE LXXVI.

ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT.

NOTE.-Regulations for the government of the Ordnance Department, prepared and published under authority of the Secretary of War, are distributed to its officers by the Chief of Ordnance. Only such regulations are herein given as are general in their nature or affect other branches of the service.

GENERAL PROVISIONS.

1511. The Chief of Ordnance is charged with the duty of procuring, by purchase or manufacture, and distributing the necessary ordnance and ordnance stores for the Army and the Organized Militia, and establishes and maintains arsenals and depots for their manufacture and safe-keeping. All officers or other persons in the military establishment to whom ordnance and ordnance supplies or funds are intrusted, will make accounts and returns thereof to the Chief of Ordnance at the times and in the manner prescribed.

1512. Ordnance and ordnance stores include cannon and artillery vehicles and equipments; apparatus and machines for the service and maneuver of artillery; small arms, ammunition, and accouterments; horse equipments and harness for the field artillery, and horse equipments for cavalry and for all mounted men except those in the Quartermaster Corps; tools, machinery, and materials for the ordnance service; and all property of whatever nature supplied to the military establishment by the Ordnance Department.

ISSUES AND SALES.

1513. In time of peace, ordnance and ordnance stores are issued from the various arsenals and depots, to the extent authorized by regulations, on requisitions submitted in accordance with existing orders.

1514. In time of war, issues may be made to troops in service on the order of any general or field officer commanding an army, garrison, or detachment, or of a chief ordnance officer of an army, army corps, or division. To authorize an issue to militia, they must have been regularly mustered into the service of the United States, and the requisition for the stores must be properly approved. 1515. The Chief of Ordnance will, on the recommendation of a department commander, approved by the Secretary of War, establish ordnance depots at such points as may be designated by the Secretary of War, where ordnance stores will be held for distribution to the troops, under such regulations as the department commander may prescribe.

1516. When practicable, these depots will be under the charge of ordnance officers, and only such limited supply of ordnance stores as may be required to meet current needs will be kept at or issued from them. All other ordnance stores will be supplied from the arsenals, as provided in paragraph 1513.

1517. Requisitions for ordnance supplies to meet current needs will be filled from a depot, under the instructions of the department commander. officer in charge will be responsible, under the department commander, that sufficient stores, procured by timely requisitions upon the Chief of Ordnance, are always on hand. Unserviceable and unsuitable ordnance and ordnance stores at such depots are under the control of the Chief of Ordnance.

1518. Requisitions for ordnance and ordnance stores not on hand within a department must be approved by the immediate commanders. The personal approval of the department commander or of the chief ordnance officer of his department is necessary, but in the absence of the department commander the approval may be made in his name by one of his staff officers.

1519. Requisitions will be made in conformity with the supply tables prepared by the Chief of Ordnance, unless. extraordinary circumstances, to be plainly set forth in each case, should require a larger supply of one or more of the articles authorized.

1520. The service arms, ammunition, accouterments, and horse equipments required by an officer or contract surgeon for his own use in the public service may be sold to him by the Ordnance Department at the regulation price and the money received passed to the credit of the proper appropriation. Ordnance supplies thus sold to officers or contract surgeons will not be disposed of to persons not in the military service. Necessary repairs to the service arms and equipments of an officer or contract surgeon will be made by the Ordnance Department at the cost of these repairs. Officers or contract surgeons making purchases or having repairs done will furnish certificates of the fact that these sales or repairs are for their own use in the public service. Officers below the grade of major, required to be mounted, will be furnished with horse equipments by the Ordnance Department. One set of these equipments will be issued on memorandum receipt to each officer by the post ordnance officer at the post where he is serving on requisition duly approved by the commanding officer, which requisition shall state the cause of the mounted service. Officers not serving at posts and entitled to receive horse equipments under this paragraph will submit requisitions therefor through military channels for action by proper authority designating the officer to make the issue, and equipments thus issued will be accounted for by the receiving officer semiannually to the Chief of Ordnance on special individual returns. Articles of the equipment which become unserviceable shall be submitted for the action of an officer of the Inspector General's Department, and upon his recommendation to that effect may be turned in and new articles issued in exchange therefor. In the absence of an inspector the unserviceable articles may be submitted for the action of a surveying officer and upon his recommendation may be turned in and new articles issued in exchange therefor. In each such case the surveying officer will recommend submission of the articles to an inspector, and a copy of the report of survey will accompany the requisition for the articles to be replaced. An officer to whom horse equipments have been issued on memorandum receipt under the provisions of this paragraph upon his promotion to field rank or the termination of mounted service will turn in to the accountable officer all such equipments for which he is responsible. In case such equipments are not held on memorandum receipt they will be turned in to the nearest ordnance officer and a final return rendered. When an officer serving at a post desires, upon changing station, to retain the horse equipments in his possession, the post ordnance officer at his former station will invoice the same to the post ordnance officer at his new station and transfer his memorandum receipt to the latter officer; and in cases where an officer is transferred from a post for detached

service or duty at a place where there is no post ordnance officer and he desires to retain the horse equipments in his possession the articles will be regularly transferred and the same afterwards duly accounted for to the Chief of Ordnance by the receiving officer on special individual returns. When an officer who has been making special individual returns for horse equipments that were issued to him under this paragraph is stationed or serving at a post, he will at once transfer the accountability for the horse equipments to the post ordnance officer and render a final return to the Chief of Ordnance to close his accountability. 1521. When the arms or equipments authorized to be purchased in the preceding paragraph can not be obtained from an ordnance officer, officers may take from those for which they are accountable such articles as they require for their personal use or may furnish them to officers or contract surgeons of their commands for like purpose. In such cases the accountable officer will deposit the proceeds of the sales as required by paragraph 617 and make the report required by paragraph 612. At the end of each month an abstract of such sales on Form No. 272 will be prepared in duplicate and forwarded to the Chief of Ordnance. A third copy will be forwarded with the property return of the officer.

1522. Officers serving with troops may draw for their personal use, from stores belonging to the command with which they are serving, 1 regulation rifle and 1 revolver, with the appropriate equipments and the usual quantity of ammunition for each arm. This ordnance property may be used in action or target practice and will be accounted for on returns to the Chief of Ordnance.

1523. Ordnance stores will not be loaned to any person, and any officer violating this rule will be held responsible for the money value of the articles. 1524. Issues and transfers of ordnance stores will not be made on memorandum invoices and receipts except as provided for by regulation or orders and in special cases authorized by and subject to instructions from the Chief of Ordnance.

1525. An officer who makes an issue of ordnance stores to one not in command of troops, except under orders from competent authority, will be charged with the money value of the stores so issued.

1526. Civilian employees of the War Department may be armed when necessary for the protection of life or public property, and the same responsibility attaches to the officers accountable for the arms furnished them that attaches to those accountable for the arms in the hands of enlisted men. The sale of ammunition to civilians belonging to exploring or surveying expeditions authorized by law, and to civilian employees of the War Department, may be made for hunting purposes when considered necessary for their subsistence or for the interest of the United States. In the field the sale of meat cans, canteens, knives, forks, and spoons, when they can be spared, to an officer in charge of civilian employees for their use, is authorized, provided they can not be obtained in any other way.

1527. Arms lost, destroyed, or embezzled by civilian employees will be charged in the same manner as stores similarly lost by enlisted men; and the money value thereof accounted for as in case of sales made in accordance with paragraph 1521.

EXPENDITURE OF AMMUNITION.

1528. Ammunition will be expended only in target practice, preliminary instruction of the soldier, military exercises, and hunting, all within the prescribed allowances; in action; in defense of life or public property; in carrying out the prescribed duties of sentinels; and for authorized salutes.

1529. The necessity for all expenditures of ammunition must be shown by the certificate of the responsible officer, which certificate must accompany the