relative to the navigation of any harbour, river, or inland navigation.

Special Lights for Squadrons and Convoys.

Art 26. Nothing in these rules shall interfere with the operation of any special rules made by the Government of any nation with respect to additional station and signal lights for two or more ships of war or for ships sailing under convoy. SECOND SCHEDULE.

AIDS TO MEMORY, BY THOMAS GRAY.

Two Steam Ships meeting.

When all three Lights I see ahead,

I port my helm, and show my RED.

Two Steam Ships passing clear.

GREEN to GREEN-or RED to RED-
Perfect safety-Go ahead!

Two Steam Ships crossing.

NOTE. This is the position of greatest danger; there is nothing for it but good look-out, caution, and judgment.

If to my starboard RED appear,

It is my duty to keep clear;

To act as judgement says is proper :

To Port-or Starboard-Back-or, Stop her!

But when upon my Port is seen

A Steamer's Starboard Light of GREEN,

There's nought for me to do but see
That GREEN to Port keeps clear of me.

Both in safety and in doubt

I always keep a good look-out
In danger, with no room to turn,
I ease her!-Stop her!-Go astern!

APPENDIX F.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR USING THE MORTAR AND

ROCKET APPARATUS FOR SAVING LIFE.

In the event of your vessel stranding within a short distance of the United Kingdom, and the lives of the crew being placed in danger, assistance will, if possible, be rendered from the shore in the following manner: namely,

1.-A rocket or shot with a thin line attached will be fired across your vessel. Get hold of this line as soon as you can, and when you have secured it, let one of the crew be separated from the rest, and, if in the day-time, wave his hat or his hand, or a flag or handkerchief; or, if at night, let a rocket, a blue light, or a gun be fired, or let a light be displayed over the side of the ship and be again concealed, as a signal to those on shore.

2.-When you see one of the men on shore separated from the rest, wave a Red Flag, or (if at night) show a Red Light, and then conceal it; you are to haul upon the rocket line until you get a tailed block with an endless fall rove through it.

3.-Make the tail of the block fast to the mast about 15 feet above the deck, or, if your masts are gone, to the highest secure part of the vessel. When the tail block is made fast and the rocket line unbent from the whip, let one of the crew, separated from the rest, make the signal required by article 1 above.

4. As soon as the signal is seen on shore, a hawser will be bent to the whip line, and will be hauled off to the ship by those on shore.

5.-When the hawser is got on board, the crew should at once make it fast to the same part of the ship as the tailed block is made fast to, only, about 18 inches higher, taking care that there are no turns of the whip line round the hawser.

6.- When the hawser has been made fast on board, the signal directed to be made in Article 1 above is to be repeated.

7.-The men on shore will then pull the hawser taut, and by means of the whip line will haul off to the ship a sling, cot, or life-buoy, into which the person to be hauled ashore is to get and be made fast. When he is in and secure, one of

the crew must be separated from the rest, and again signal to the shore as directed in Article 1 above. The people on shore will then haul the person in the sling to the shore, and when he has landed, will haul back the empty sling to the ship for others. This operation will be repeated until all persons are hauled ashore from the wrecked vessel.

8.-It may sometimes happen that the state of the weather and the condition of the ship will not admit of a hawser being set up; in such cases, a sling or life-buoy will be hauled off instead, and the shipwrecked persons will be hauled through the surf, instead of along a hawser.

Masters and crews of stranded vessels should bear in mind that SUCCESS in landing them in a great measure DEPENDS UPON THEIR COOLNESS AND ATTENTION TO THE RULES HERE LAID DOWN; and that by attending to them many lives are annually saved by the Mortar and Rocket Apparatus on the Coasts of the United Kingdom.

The system of signalling must be strictly adhered to ; and all women, children, passengers, and helpless persons should be landed before the crew of the ship.

APPENDIX G.

OFFICIAL LOG BOOK,

Being Pages 2 and 3, containing the Directions.

1. Masters of all British Merchant Ships (except Ships employed exclusively in trading between Ports on the Coasts of the United Kingdom) are bound by the Merchant Shipping Act, 1854, Section 280, to keep an Official Log Book in the form sanctioned by the Board of Trade; and such official Log may, at the discretion of the Master or Owner of any Ship, either be kept distinct from the ordinary Ship's Log, or be united therewith, provided all the blanks in the Official Log are duly filled up.

2. The importance of keeping this book properly, and duly making all the entries at the proper time, and with the strictest regard to form, cannot be too strongly impressed on Ship Masters. By neglecting to do so, they subject them.

selves to heavy penalties, and their Owners to serious loss and inconvenience, and they prevent discipline from being maintained, as no fine or forfeiture can be deducted, and no punishment inflicted for any offence, unless the entries are properly made and attested.

The following are the provisions of the Act which relate to Official Log Books :

3. Every entry in every Official Log shall be made as soon as possible after the occurrence to which it relates, and if not made on the same day as the occurrence to which it relates shall be made and dated so as to show the date of the occurrence and of the entry respecting it; and in no case shall any entry therein in respect of any occurrence happening previously to the arrival of the ship at her final port of discharge be made more than twenty-four hours after such arrival.

4. Every master of a ship for which an Official Log Book is hereby required shall make or cause to be made therein entries of the following matters; (that is to say)

(1) Every legal conviction of any member of his crew, and the punishment inflicted:

(2) Every offence committed by any member of his crew for which it is intended to prosecute, or to enforce a forfeiture, or to exact a fine, together with such statement concerning the reading over such entry, and concerning the reply (if any) made to the charge, as herein-before required :*

(3) Every offence for which punishment is inflicted on board, and the punishment inflicted :

(4) A statement of the conduct, character, and qualifications, of each of his crew, or a statement that he declines to give an opinion on such particulars :

(5) Every case of illness or injury happening to any member of the crew, with the nature thereof, and the medical treatment adopted (if any):

(6) Every case of death happening on board, and of the cause thereof :

* For a list of offences against discipline, and their punishments, see paragraph 8.

(7) Every birth happening on board, with the sex of the infant and the names of the parents :

(8) Every marriage taking place on board, with the names and ages of the parties :

(9) The name of every seaman or apprentice who ceases to be a member of the crew, otherwise than by death; with the place, time, manner, and cause thereof: (10) The amount of wages due to any seaman who enters Her Majesty's Service during the voyage:

(11) The wages due to any seaman or apprentice who dies during the voyage, and the gross amount of all deductions to be made therefrom :†

(12) The sale of the effects of any seaman or apprentice who dies during the voyage, including a statement

of each article sold, and of the sum received for it :† (13) Every collision with any other ship, and the circumstances under which same occurred.‡

5. The entries hereby required to be made in Official Log Books shall be signed as follows; that is to say, every such entry shall be signed by the Master, and by the Mate or some other of the crew, and every entry of illness, injury, or death shall be also signed by the Surgeon or Medical Practitioner on board (if any); and every entry of wages due to or of the sale of the effects of any seaman or apprentice who dies shall be signed by the Master, and by the Mate and some other member of the crew; and every entry of wages due to any seaman who enters Her Majesty's Service shall be signed by the master, and by the seaman, or by the officer authorised to receive the seaman into such Service.

6. The following offences in respect of Official Log Books shall be punishable as hereinafter mentioned; that is to say, (1) If in any case an Official Log Book is not kept in the manner hereby required, or if any entry hereby directed to be made in any such Log Book is not

+ The 196th section of the Act imposes a penalty not exceeding treble the value of the money or effects not accounted for or if such value is not ascertained, not exceeding £50, for neglecting this entry.

The 328th section of the Act imposes a specific Penalty of £20, for neglecting this entry.