EUROPEAN HISTORY

A collection of extracts from the sources chosen with the
purpose of illustrating some of the chief phases
of the development of Europe during

the last two hundred years

BY

JAMES HARVEY ROBINSON

PROFESSOR OF HISTORY IN COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY

AND

CHARLES A. BEARD
ADJUNCT PROFESSOR OF POLITICS IN COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY

VOLUME II

EUROPE SINCE THE CONGRESS OF VIENNA

GINN & COMPANY
BOSTON · NEW YORK · CHICAGO · LONDON

ON

648132

COPYRIGHT, 1909
BY JAMES HARVEY ROBINSON AND CHARLES A. BEARD
PREFACE

This volume agrees precisely with the previous one in
purpose and arrangement. It has, however, been neces-
sary, on account of the ever-increasing diffuseness of the
material upon which we have had to draw, to resort more
frequently to condensation. Parliamentary speeches, state
papers, pamphlets, books of travel, magazine articles, and
treatises on important phases of our modern life rarely
yield their best in the succinct form essential, consider-
ing the space at our disposal. Moreover, with the class

of readers we have in view it seemed wise to avoid all

digressions and obscure allusions which could hardly

fail to increase the difficulties in the student's path. We

have, however, always plainly indicated in the margin

those cases in which a speech, treaty, constitution, or

extract from a book or article is "condensed" or "much

condensed.” While we have struck out sentences and

paragraphs where there was not space for them, and

they could be spared, we have only in the rarest instances

ventured to change a word, excepting always in the case

of translations, which commonly solicit amelioration

either from the standpoint of sense or taste. The crit-

ical student who suspects that he is missing something

can always, by means of our Table of Contents and

List of Citations, readily turn to the text upon which

we have relied.

J. H. R.

C. A. B.

COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY

NEW YORK CITY