1821, 1874, 1878. Rev. 1888, §1618.

1650, 1722, 1867, 1874.

1895, ch. 302. 1897, ch. 132.

or has its principal place of business in this state, may bring a civil action, on this statute, in the name of the state, to recover such penalty, forfeiture, or fine. The jurisdiction of the court to which such action may be brought shall be determined by the maximum amount of the penalty, forfeiture, or fine that may be imposed. The court shall render judgment, under the limitations of law, for the recovery of such penalty, forfeiture, or fine, and issue execution therefor.

§ 1504. Venue. Every person charged with any offense shall be tried in the county wherein it shall have been committed, except when it is otherwise provided; and when theft shall be committed in one county, and the property stolen shall be carried into another county, the offender may be tried in either county. All persons arrested for offenses committed upon cars or steamboats may be prosecuted before any court, in the same manner as if such offenses had been committed in the town in which such court is held.

§ 1770. Arrest without warrant. Sheriffs, deputy Rev. 1888, $2002. sheriffs, constables, borough bailiffs, police officers, special protectors of fish and game, and railroad and steamboat police, in their respective precincts, shall arrest, without previous complaint and warrant, any person for any offense in their jurisdiction, when the offender shall be taken or apprehended in the act, or on the speedy information of others; and all persons so arrested shall be immediately presented before proper authority.

1899, ch. 216, §2. § 1950. Street railway company to sprinkle street or highway, when. Every street railway company operating a street railway upon any part of a street or highway the remaining width of which shall be sprinkled by the town, city, or borough within which such street or highway is located, shall itself sprinkle with water so much of the width of said part of said street or highway as is included within its tracks and a space

of two feet on the outside of the outer rails thereof, to the acceptance of said town, city, or borough; and said town, city, or borough shall furnish such street railway company, free of expense to such company, the water to be used for such sprinkling. Any town, city, or borough, and any street railway company operating therein, shall have the power to contract together for the sprinkling with water by the street railway company of the whole width or any part of a street or highway along which said company operates a street railway, and said town, city, or borough shall obtain and furnish to such street railway company water to be used in sprinkling streets or highways in such town, city, or borough.

Assessments of railroads and street railways for street 1909, ch. 285. sprinkling. Whenever any municipality shall provide for the sprinkling of any street within its limits and such street shall be crossed at grade by a railroad or street railway, such municipality may assess upon such railroad or street railway the expense for sprinkling that portion of the street which is occupied as a right of way by such railroad or street railway, and may recover the cost of sprinkling such right of way from such railroad or street railway in any proper action.

§ 2015. Certain bridges to have draws. No bridge without a draw shall be built or maintained across any water navigated by open-deck vessels for business purposes, whose passage would be impeded thereby; and if any bridge is so maintained or its construction commenced, the superior court, as a court of equity, or any judge thereof in vacation, upon the complaint of any party aggrieved, may enjoin the maintenance or construction of such bridge, and may order its removal at the expense of the respondent, and that a suitable bridge be built, and establish the width of the draw therein. But whenever any public highway shall be laid out over any navigable water, it shall be competent for the committee of the superior court appointed with power to lay out such highway, or for a committee appointed by the superior court upon the application of the selectmen of the town which has laid out such highway, to inquire, after due and reasonable notice to all parties interested,

R. R.-B

1873, 1881. Rev. 1888, §2668

whether the building, construction, or maintenance of a bridge. without a draw will materially interfere with the navigation of the said water by open-deck vessels for business purposes. If such committee finds that the construction or maintenance of such a bridge without a draw will not materially interfere, as aforesaid, with the navigation of said water, then said committee, after giving at least five days' notice in the manner prescribed for the service of legal process to all persons owning wharves, docks, or wharf privileges above such bridge, may assess the damages which the construction of such bridge without a draw will be to the owners of such wharf or wharf privileges, and if the committee shall find that the total amount of such damages, if paid by the town in which such bridge is located, will be more economical for such town than the construction or maintenance of such bridge with a draw, then such bridge may be maintained, built, or constructed without a draw, after the amount of damages so found has been paid to the parties entitled to the same, or has been deposited in the town treasury subject to their order; and the amount of such damages shall be paid by the town in which the bridge is located, as a part of the expense of building or maintaining such highway or bridge. All persons interested in such wharves or wharf privileges shall be entitled to all of the privileges by way of remonstrance and reestimate of damages which are provided in this chapter for persons interested in laying out or altering a highway. This section shall not be construed to authorize the construction of a bridge Branford river. without a draw over Branford river below Hobart's bridge.

1869, 1871. Rev. 1888, §2671.

1909, ch. 168.

§ 2018. Bridges over railroad tracks. The bottom timbers of all bridges constructed over any railroad track after July ninth, 1869, shall not be less than eighteen feet above the rails, unless the railroad commissioners require a less height and prescribe the same in writing.

Damages for injuries by defective roads or bridges. Section 2020 of the general statutes is hereby amended to read as follows: Any person injured in person or property by means of a defective road or bridge may recover damages from the party bound to keep it in repair; but no action for any such injury shall be maintained against any town, city, corporation, or borough, unless written notice of such injury and a general description of the same, and of the cause thereof, and of the time and place of its occurrence shall, within sixty days thereafter,

or, if such defect consists of snow or ice, or both, within five days thereafter, be given to a selectman of such town, or to the clerk of such city or borough, or to the secretary or treasurer of such corporation, unless the action itself shall be commenced by complaint setting forth the injury and a general description of the same, and of the cause thereof, and of the time and place of its occurrence, within the time limited for the giving of such notice; and when the injury is caused by a structure legally placed on such road by a railroad company, it, and not the party bound to keep the road in repair, shall be liable therefor.

Penalty for obstructing streets with railroad cars. 1909, ch. 188. § 1. No railroad corporation, or receiver or assignee thereof, or its or his servant or agent, shall wilfully or negligently obstruct or unnecessarily and unreasonably use or occupy any highway or street, or shall in any case obstruct, use, or occupy a highway or street with cars or engines for more than five minutes at one time. Any railroad corporation, or receiver or assignee thereof, violating any provision of this section shall be fined not more than one hundred dollars.

Repeal. § 2. Section 2039 of the general statutes as amended by chapter 4 of the public acts of 1903 is hereby repealed.

1881.

§ 2040. Highways in cities not to be obstructed by railroad trains. When any railroad crosses a highway in any Rev. 1888, $2698, city at grade within two hundred feet of a covered bridge on said highway, such highway shall not be obstructed by the making up of railroad trains, nor by allowing any train, car, or locomotive, to stand on or across said highway for more than three minutes at one time; and whenever such highway has been once so used or occupied, or whenever a locomotive or train has passed entirely over it, said highway shall not again be so used or occupied or crossed by locomotive or cars, until a sufficient time has been allowed to enable all teams which are ready and waiting for the purpose to cross the tracks of said railroad. Any servant, agent, or employee of any railroad corporation wilfully violating any provision of this section shall be fined not more than seven dollars, or imprisoned not more than thirty days, or both.

1878.

§ 2047. Highways laid out near railroad need approval of judge. No highway which does not cross a railroad Rev. 1888, $2700.

2047. Judge shall consider danger more than expense. 64 C. 256.

1907, ch. 171.

1874, 1875, 1882, Rev. 1888, §2703. 1895, ch. 211.

track shall be laid out or opened to the public within one hundred yards of any railroad track unless the layout has been approved by a judge of the superior court, after notice to all parties in interest, and his written approval lodged in the office of the town clerk of the town in which the proposed highway is situated. No judge shall approve any such layout unless he finds that public convenience and necessity require such highway to be within such distance, and upon such approval the judge may require any town opening a highway to the public within such distance to erect and maintain such a fence between such highway and the railroad track as in his opinion the safety of the public may require.

Real estate of railroad company to be assessed for public improvements. § 1. All real estate, except railroad rights of way, belonging to any railroad corporation in this state, shall be subject to the same obligations as real estate belonging to individuals and private corporations concerning assessments of benefits and damages for municipal or public works and improvements, and the fact that any such real estate is held and used for railroad purposes shall not exempt it from assessment for special benefits on account of such municipal or public works and improvements.

Maintenance and repair of sidewalks; removal of snow. § 2. All such railroad corporations shall conform and be subject to the provisions and requirements of municipal charters and ordinances concerning the maintenance and repair of sidewalks and public places abutting their stations, whether passenger or freight, and concerning the removal of snow and ice from such sidewalks and public places.

§ 2051. Damages or benefits by change of grade of 1901, ch. 66. highway. When the owner of land adjoining a public highway, or of any interest in such land, shall sustain special damage or receive special benefits to his property by reason of any change in the grade of such highway, or by reason of excavations in such highway, made in the process of repairing the same by the town, city, or borough, in which said highway may be situated, or by any corporation whether acting by authority or direction of the railroad commissioners or otherwise, such town, city, borough, or corporation, shall be liable to pay to such owner the amount of