It'm die Ven'is p'xa in expens' in pane id. ob. s'visia iiii d. ob. q. vinŭ id. q. in pissibz id. q. eodem die in expñs' Dni in Bredstret in pane ii d. s'visia ob. q. vinu iii d. ob. q. stocfeys et Merleyng ii d. ob. in anguyllis et launprouns iiii d. in oyst's ob. in datis i d. ob. in passagio de Westminist'io v's' Londoniam ii d. in vino Vernaie in Corunhulle iiii d. In ginger' counfeyt iii d. ob. in paup'bz id. in candelis ob. in feno p' iii. equoru vid. in avenis i. bo' et di vi d. Sma iii s. x d. ob. q. It'm die Sabati p'x" in expens' in pane vii d. ob. s'visia ix d. vinu vii d. ob. in alicie ii d. in stocfeys iii d. ob. in salmone vid. in welkeys iid. in uno peyc vid. in ii. anguillis et laumprouns vii d. in Rocheys et menense iii d. in sause ob. in candelis ob. fenum de p' computat' in i. bous. et di avenaru p' iii. equoru vid. in le Jine ad lavandū capud Dñi i d. in focalibz i d. ob. in g euwel q. Sma vs. iii d. q. It'm die Dñica p'xa in vigilia Sce G'gorii Pape in expñs' in pane iiii d. s'visia vii d. ob. in Tourbod empt. iiii d. in ging'e counfit ii d. in vino Greco iiii d. eodem die apud Westminist'iu in vino ii d. ob. in paup'ibz ob. eod. die in Bredstret in ginger' counfeyt vid. in vino vd. in g'uwel et sale ob. in focalibz id. in datis et pomis ii d. in candelis ob. in feno v d. in avenis viii d. ii. bous. p' qinq; equoru Sm iiii s. iiii d. ob. It'm die Lune in festo Sci G'gorii Pape in expeñs in pane iii d. s'visia vid. ob. in stocfeys iii d. in aliciebz ob. in cong"o iiii d. in salmone iii d. in angguillis et lamprouns v d. in olio ob. in sauce q. in g'uwel q. in candelis ob. in focalibz ob. in feno iii d. in avenis ii. bous. viii d. p' qinq; equoru. in passagio v'sus Westminist'iu et r'to id. ob. q. in paup'ibz ob. Sm iii s. iiii d. q. Sm sm'r' p'criptar': xxi s. x d. o. q. Item, Friday next, in expenses. Bread 1d. Beer 44d. Wine 14d. Fish 14d. On the same day, in expenses of my Lord in Bread-street. Bread 2d. Beer 4d. Wine 33d. Stockfish and merleyng 24d. Eels and lamprouns 4d. Oysters d. Dates 14d. Fare from Westminster to London 2d. Wine of Vernai1 in Cornhill 4d. Ginger-comfeit 34d. To the poor Id. Candles d. Hay for 3 horses 6d. A bushel and half of oats 6d. Sum, 3s. 104d. Item, on Saturday next, in expenses. Bread 74d. Beer 9d. Wine 74d. Herring 2d. Stockfish 3d. Salmon 6d. Whelks 2d. A pike 6d. 2 Eels and lamprouns 7d. Roaches and 3d. Vegetables d. Candles d. Hay reckoned before. A bushel and half of oats for 3 horses, 6d. to wash my Lord's head ld. Fuel 1d. Groats 4d. Sum, 5s. 34d. Item, on Sunday next, in the vigil of St. Gregory the Pope, in expenses. Bread 4d. Beer 74d. A Turbot bought 4d. Ginger-comfeit 2d. Greek wine 4d. On the same day, at Westminster. Wine 24d. The poor d. On the same day, in Breadstreet. Ginger-comfeit 6d. Wine 5d. Groats and salt d. Fuel ld. Dates and apples 2d. Candles d. Hay 5d. Oats 8d., being 2 bushels for 5 horses. Skinner says it was a sweet wine, and supposed to be so called, quasi Veronaccia ab agro Veronensi in quo optimum ex hoc genere vinum crescit. See more respecting the word in Ducange. 2 Both rape-oil and olive-oil were used in ancient cookery, as appears by the provision bought for Archbishop Warham's dinner. Lel. Col. vi. 31. It'm die Mart' in castino Sci G'gorii in expñs' in pane ii d. s'visia s'visia v d. ob. in aliciebz id. cũ pisse de stauro. It'm code die apud Westminst'iu qando Dñs Nicolaus de Bonevile et multi alii de domo Comitis Penbochie1 fuerüt ibidē ad ientakilu in pane vd. vinū xiii d. ob. q. in stocfeys ii d. in salmone x d. in angguillis et laump's vid. in welkeys id. eodem die in Bredstret. in pane ob. in vino ii d. ob. in dat' i d. It'm in vino in Loumbardis stret ii d. ob. In paup'ibz ob. in ii. speculis id. in feno p' iiii. equoru iiii d. In ii. bous. avenaru viii d. in candelis ob. Sma v s. vid. ob. q. It'm die M'curii p'xa in expñs' in pane iii d. s'visia iii d. vinū ii d. ob. In stocfeys ii d. in aliciebz ii d. in plays i d. in cong"o iii d. in welkeys ii d. eodem die apud Westminist'iu in ging'e counfeyt id. In vino id. q. Ha vue Seriaunt vis. viii d.3 in feno v d. ob. p'iiij. equorū in ii. bous. avenarū viii d. in vino in Bredstret iid. ob. qñdo Dñs Joh'es de Hattue fuit ibi. in candelis ob. Sma ix s. ix d. q. It'm die Jovis p'xa in expñs' in pane viii d. s'visia vid. ob. et unus lagenus vini de exennio Rectori de Egliscouin in aliciebz ii d. stocfeys de stauro. It'm in Ray empt. id. ob. in salmone et cong'o et wekeys vid. eodem die Vriddeys stret in ginger' counfeyt et sucre en plate iiii d. in vino ibidem iii d. ob. q. in candelis ob. in focalibz i d. in feno iii d. q. in ii. bous. avenaru viii d. In sigillo Phl'i de Casto xii d. de dono Dñi. in uno conife empt. Dño id. in uno bouydekeyn empt. ob. Sm3 iiii s. x d. Item, on Thursday next, in expenses. Bread 8d. Beer 6. A gallon of wine of the gift of the rector of Egliscovin. Herrings 2d. Stockfish from the store. Ray4 bought 14d. Salmon and conger and whelks 6d. On the same day, in Friday-street, in ginger-comfets, and sugar in plate 4d. Wine there 34d. Candles d. Fuel 1d. Hay 34d. 2 Bushels of oats 8d. A seal for Philip de Castro, of the gift of his Lord 12d. A knife bought for his Lord 1d. A bodkin bought d. Sum, 4s. 10d. ■ William de Valence, half-brother to King Henry III., created Earl of Pembroke 1247, died 1296; as may be inferred from the time of the death of Sir Nicholas de Bonvile, which is shown by Dugdale to have been in 23 Edward I., 1295. See Baronage, ii. 236. 2 This word is not in Ducange in any sense which will suit the passage, except perhaps his third sense, Speculum Puerorum, a book so called. It is more probable, however, that it is here used for glasses or mirrors, though the price is very small. 3 A second fee to the serjeant mentioned before. 4 There is a species of cloth called Ray, but here it seems to denote a kind of fish. Reyes occur in the third course at the dinner of Archbishop Nevil, and are placed between peacock and rabbits. Two hundred of them were provided. See Godwin, p. 65. who adds, "quid sit non conjicio." It'm die Veneris proxima in expñs' in panis vid. s'visia ix d. ob. vinū de stauro. in aliciebz id. ob. in stocfeys iiii d. in uno peyc et angguillis et laump'ouns xii d. in salmone iiii d. in Mouskelys id. in olio et sause id. in g'uwel & sale ob. in oynsnouns ob. in focalibz ob. in candelis ob. in feno iii d. ob. in ii. bous. avenaiū viii d. eodem die in ginger counfeyt & sucre in plate in Chepe iiiid. in vino i d. q. in paup'ibz id. q. in passagio v'su' Westminist'iu et r'tro ii d. in una zona emptis et dedit Dño Thome Wetheyr xii d. in freno empt. Ha p' Somer vi d. Sma vis. vii d. It'm die Sabati p'xa in expñs' in pane vd. s'visia xiii d. ob. in aliciebz i d. stocfeys de stauro. Melewel iid. in salmone vid. in welkeys iii d. in angguyllis & laump'uns iii d. ob. in g'uwel et ayle ob. in focalibz ob. in cadelis ob. in feno p' quinq; equoru vd. in ii. bous. avenatú viii d. eodem die apud Westmini t'iu in pane iii d. vinu xvid. q. in stocfeys iiii d. in angguillis & laump'uns ix d. in spessiebz id. in frat'bz id. in paup'ibz id. Sma vis. xi d. ob. q. Md. qd Phl's de Casto r'cepit de Dão xl s. die Dñica p'xa p's f'st'm Sci G'gorii Pape. I'm eodem die Dñica in expñs' Dñi apud Westminist'iu qando tenuit ientakilu ibidem de Militibus & clericis & equeyeyrs in domo Will'mi de Chauylu, in pane iis. in s'visia xiid. in vino iiis. viii d. in dio salmone standard cu le echeyne iii s. viii d. In uno congo freyche iii s. in iii. peykeys gossis & v. angguillis gossis & xxvii. Rocheys g'ssis xii s. iiii d. in di c. laump'uns xiid. in oyst's ibidem iii d. in sauce ii d. in elocatōe unius garconis ad faciandū iantakilu ibidem id. in passagio v'su' Westminist'iu id. in uno panier i d. q. eodem die ad ospiciu in pane v d. ob. s'visia de stauro & ii. lagene s'visie p' garconibz ii d. in pissibus de stauro. in candelis ob. in focalibz ob. in feno empt. v d. ob. q. in lit' i d. in ii. bous. avenaru viii d. in duobis pariis sotulariu Dño xiid. Sma xxx s. iii d. q. Item, on Friday next, in expenses. Bread 5d. Beer 94d. Wine from the store. Herrings 14d. Stockfish 4d. A pike, eels, and lamprouns, 12d. Salmon 4d. Muscles Id. Oil and vegetables Id. Groats and salt 4d. Onions d. Fuel d. Candles d. Hay 34d. 2 Bushels of oats 8d. On the same day, in ginger-comfeits, and sugar in plate, in Cheapside, 4d. Wine 14d. To the poor 14d. Fare to Westminster and back 2d. A belt bought and given to Sir Thomas Wetheyr 12d. A bridle bought for Somer 6d. Sum, 6s. 7d. Item, on Saturday next, in expenses. Bread 5d. Beer 134d. Herrings 1d. Stockfish from the store. Melewel 2d. Salmon 6d. Whelks 3d. Eels and lamprouns 34d. Groats and oil d. Fuel d. Candles Id. Hay for 5 horses 5d. 2 bushels of oats 8d. On the same day, at Westminster. Bread 3d. Wine 164d. Stockfish 4d. Eels and lamprouns 9d. Spices 1d. To the friars Id. To the poor id. Sum, 6s. 11ąd. Memorandum, that Philip de Castro received of his Lord 40s. on Sunday_next after the feast of St. Gregory the Pope. Item, on the same Sunday, in expenses of my Lord at Westminster, when he held a breakfast there for knights, clerks, and esquires, at the house of William de Chauylu. Bread 2s. Beer 12d. Wine 3s. 8d. Half a salmon for the standard with the chiue1 3s. 8d. A fresh congor 3s. 3 fat pikes, 5 fat eels, and 27 fat roaches 12s. 4d. Half a hundred lamprouns 12d. Oysters 3d. Vegetables 2d. The hire of a boy to prepare the breakfast 1d. Fare to Westminster 1d. A basket lid. On the same day at the inn. Bread 54d. Beer from the store. 2 gallons of beer for the boys 2d. Fish from the store. Candles d. Fuel d. Hay bought 52d. Straw 6d. 2 bushels of oats 8d. 2 pair of shoes for my lord 12d. Sum, 30s. 34d. At the feasts of our ancestors one dish in each course was the Standard. At the dinner given on occasion of the marriage of Roger Rockley and Elizabeth Nevile, 17 Henry VIII., the standard in the first course was a roe roasted, and in the second, Sometimes the standard was only an ornament. In the curious accounts two cranes. It'm die Lune p'xa in expñs' in pane v d. ob. s'visia ix d. in stocfeys et aliciebz. iii d. & aliis pissibz de p' c'putat. in candelis q. in focalibz id. in feno v d. in ii. bous. avenarū viii d. in pomis & datis i d. ob. Sma ii s. ix d. ob. q. It'm eodem die in speyserie empt. vs. vii d. in uno paria caligaru ii s. id. ...erunesse de uno peyr' Skenebens vi d. et lib'at' garcōi amweyn p' de fectu... xx s. iij d. et liberat' Phl'o de Castro iii s. & computat' expendit' die apd Westminist'iu in passagio ob. It'm in eod. die in coferis empt. vis. It' liberat' Johe Perrot xii d. p' div'sis r'bz expendit' in Chepe. in uno cult'o ept' dño in singulis empt. a som's. vid. in reperacõe singulis iij d. et liberat' Ha. Tomkeyn p' tanylm' Courtepey vide ..... ij d. de p' Mauncheys Dni v d. p' duobus garbis sagittarū xviii d. in beueraie p' sigillo de Som'. Sma xlii s. x d. ob. Ssm vi Li. xiii s. vid. ob. BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS. SIR JAMES CROFT, PRIVY COUNSELLOR AND COMPTROLLER OF THE HOUSEHOLD OF QUEEN ELIZABETH. OUR prospectus announced, that it was one of the features of the New Series of this Work to give Biographical Memoirs of individuals who have been conspicuous in the history of England, but the particulars of whose lives had never been collected, of the expenses attending the marriage of other members of the Nevile family, published by Peck, and afterwards by Dr. Pegge, and again by Mr. Croft of York, St. George, the Griffin, the White Plum-Tree, &c. are named as standards. At Archbishop Nevil's dinner, a hart powdered was one of the standards. The painted temples decorated with sweet-meats, which make their appearance at city-feasts, are the successors to the ancient Standard; or perhaps to the Standard and Subtlety united. The standard at this fish-feast (for it was in Lent), was half a salmon with the chine. Salmon chines broiled was a dish in the first course of fish at Archbishop Nevil's dinner, to which we have before referred; and we find them again at the dinners given by Warham and Nevil. So slowly do customs change even in things minute. They appear to have been laying in stores at London previous to their return into the country; but this entry being at the bottom of the roll, the ink has in many parts of it nearly disappeared. or of whom the accounts which have been written are either incorrect or imperfect. In commencing these notices with SIR JAMES CROFT we have been actuated not so much by the singular fact, that he has been wholly passed over by the editors of the "Biographia Britannica," and of the various Biographical Dictionaries, as by a wish to render impartial, though tardy justice, to a soldier and a statesman who has been so unjustly neglected. An elegant biographer of the present day has remarked, with great justice, that "in reading the lives of eminent persons, we feel a desire to know somewhat of their family and descendants; that until their families become extinct, they seem to have still a certain mode of existence; and that it is not until then that the grave appears wholly to have closed over them '." A conviction of the interest which is felt in the families of distinguished men would alone justify a digression, for the purpose of gratifying it; but in a work of this kind, no apology can be necessary for rendering the articles which may be devoted to memoirs of illustrious individuals a succinct but accurate history of their respective families, since there are few ancient houses but can boast of more than one member who has, in some way, distinguished himself. The family of Croft, of Croft Castle, in Herefordshire, affords an immediate and striking example of the truth of this observation; for, in almost every generation from the commencement of the fourteenth century, records exist of the services of its representatives; and it presents one of the very few instances in which property has descended from father to son for more than seven hundred years. In Doomsday Book, Bernard de Croft is stated to have possessed the tenement of Croft, in Herefordshire 2, and in the reign of Henry the Third, 1243, his descendant, Hugh de Croft, held lands there by Knight's service. In 1274, Roger de Croft was sub-escheator to the King for the county of Hereford; and in July, 1297, John de Croft was returned from that county, as holding lands there of the annual value of £20 and upwards, and was subsequently summoned to serve with horse and arms beyond the seas. His son, Sir Hugh, was lord of Croft; and in the 33rd Edw. I. 1305, was created a Knight of the Bath: in Lodge's Life of Sir Julius Cæsar. 2 Vol. i. p. 185. 3 Testa de Nevill, pp. 62, 66, bis. 4 Rotuli Hundredorum, vol. i. pp. 185, 186. 6 Palgrave's Parliamentary Writs. 6 Comp. Garder, 33 Edw. I. cited in Anstis' Collections for the Order of the Bath, p 5, where notice of the Robes allowed him on the occasion occurs. |