On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection: Or, The Preservation of Favored Races in the Struggle of LifeAppleton, 1864 - 440페이지 |
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10 페이지
... considering the Origin of Species , it is quite con- ceivable that a naturalist , reflecting on the mutual affini- ties of organic beings , on their embryological relations , their geographical distribution , geological succession , and ...
... considering the Origin of Species , it is quite con- ceivable that a naturalist , reflecting on the mutual affini- ties of organic beings , on their embryological relations , their geographical distribution , geological succession , and ...
28 페이지
... considering their size , habits , and remarkable characters , seems very improba- ble ; or they must have become extinct in the wild state . But birds breeding on precipices , and good fliers , are un- likely to be exterminated ; and ...
... considering their size , habits , and remarkable characters , seems very improba- ble ; or they must have become extinct in the wild state . But birds breeding on precipices , and good fliers , are un- likely to be exterminated ; and ...
38 페이지
... considered as uncon sciously followed , in so far that the breeders could never have expected or even have wished to have produced the result which ensued — namely , the production of two dis- tinct strains . The two flocks of Leicester ...
... considered as uncon sciously followed , in so far that the breeders could never have expected or even have wished to have produced the result which ensued — namely , the production of two dis- tinct strains . The two flocks of Leicester ...
49 페이지
... considered as varieties , but which have all been ranked by botanists as species ; and in making this list he has omitted many trifling varieties , but which nevertheless have been ranked by some bota- nists as species , and he has ...
... considered as varieties , but which have all been ranked by botanists as species ; and in making this list he has omitted many trifling varieties , but which nevertheless have been ranked by some bota- nists as species , and he has ...
50 페이지
... considered by highly competent judges as varieties , have so perfectly the character of species that they are ranked by other highly competent judges as good and true species . But to discuss whether they are rightly called species or ...
... considered by highly competent judges as varieties , have so perfectly the character of species that they are ranked by other highly competent judges as good and true species . But to discuss whether they are rightly called species or ...
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accumulated adapted affinities allied species America amount ancient animals appear become bees believe birds breeds cause cells characters cirripedes climate closely allied colour continuous crossed crustaceans degree difficulty distinct species disuse divergence domestic doubt embryo endemic Europe existing exterminated extinct extremely facts favourable fertility flowers formations forms fossil Gärtner genera genus geological geological period Glacial period gradations greater number groups of species habits Hence hermaphrodites hybrids hybrids produced important individuals inhabitants inherited insects instance instincts intercrossing intermediate land larvæ less living look male mammals manner migration modification modified descendants natural selection naturalists nearly nest offspring organic organisation perfect pigeons pistil plants pollen present probably produced progenitor ranked reciprocal crosses remarked resemble rudimentary seeds seems sexual selection Silurian slight South America sterility structure struggle successive suppose swimbladder tend theory tion trees variability variation varieties vary whole widely
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424 페이지 - In the distant future I see open fields for far more important researches. Psychology will be based on a new foundation, that of the necessary acquirement of each mental power and capacity by gradation. Light will be thrown on the origin of man and his history.
63 페이지 - There is no exception to the rule that every organic being naturally increases at so high a rate, that, if not destroyed, the earth would soon be covered by the progeny of a single pair.
79 페이지 - I may be allowed to personify the natural preservation or survival of the fittest, cares nothing for appearances, except in so far as they are useful to any being. She can act on every internal organ, on every shade of constitutional difference, on the whole machinery of life. Man selects only for his own good: Nature only for that of the being which she tends.
70 페이지 - I counted thirtytwo little trees ; and one of them, with twenty-six rings of growth, had during many years tried to raise its head above the stems of the heath, and had failed. No wonder that, as soon as the land was enclosed, it became thickly clothed with vigorously growing young firs. Yet the heath was so extremely barren and so extensive that no one would ever have imagined that cattle would have so closely and effectually searched it for food. Here we see that cattle absolutely determine the...
169 페이지 - If it could be demonstrated that any complex organ existed, which could not possibly have been formed by numerous, successive, slight modifications, my theory would absolutely break down.
63 페이지 - Hence as more individuals are produced than can possibly survive, there must in every case be a struggle for existence, either one individual with another of the same species, or with the individuals of distinct species, or with the physical conditions of life.
167 페이지 - To suppose that the eye with all its inimitable contrivances for adjusting the focus to different distances, for admitting different amounts of light, and for the correction of spherical and chromatic aberration, could have been formed by natural selection, seems, I freely confess, absurd in the highest degree.
378 페이지 - Nothing can be more hopeless than to attempt to explain this similarity of pattern in members of the same class, by utility or by the doctrine of final causes. The hopelessness of the attempt has been expressly admitted by Owen in his most interesting work on the 'Nature of Limbs.
187 페이지 - Under changed conditions of life, it is at least possible that slight modifications of instinct might be profitable to a species; and if it can be shown that instincts do vary ever so little, then I can see no difficulty in natural selection preserving and continually accumulating variations of instinct to any extent that was profitable. It is thus, as I believe, that all the most complex and wonderful instincts have originated.
165 페이지 - I can see no difficulty in a race of bears being rendered, by natural selection, more and more aquatic in their structure and habits, with larger and larger mouths, till a creature was produced as monstrous as a whale.