adjacent bone, which misfortune has been known to occur with very unpleasant results. The ether-spray will render the operation altogether painless, though it is quite bearable without it.

DEFECTS IN THE FORM AND COLOR OF THE NOSE.

A person with an ugly nose has much to bear. They must either suffer in silence, or, like Cyrano de Bergerac, whose story we have told, fight many a battle in its defence. We modestly come as consolers to all such. Their cases are not desperate, at any rate not always so.

Some of them have noses leaning more to one side than the other, not placed in the median line of the face. This, to a slight degree, is very common and often hardly noticed, except as it mars the "tout ensemble" of the face. In others, again, it is intolerable. Mr. Heather Bigg, of London, who has quite a reputation for treating disfigurements, tells of a young barrister whose nose was so much on one side of his face that it threatened to spoil his prospects at the bar. He applied for relief to Mr. Bigg, who contrived an instrument which forced it by a spring to its proper place. This was worn constantly at night, and occasionally during the day. The success was complete. Similar mechanical appliances should be worn by every one who would rid themselves of this disagreeable obliquity. They must be made and adjusted very

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In young per

carefully to suit each separate case. sons they are always successful, but with advancing age the results grow less satisfactory.

A common cause of this crookedness is that persons wipe or blow the nose always with one hand, and pull it frequently, therefore, in one direction. By reversing the direction the trouble is lessened.

Dr. Cid, an inventive surgeon of Paris, noticed that elderly people, who for a long time have worn eyeglasses supported on the nose by a spring, are apt to have this organ long and thin. This he attributes to the compression which the spring exerts on the arteries by which the nose is nourished. The idea occurred to him that the hint could be made useful. Not long afterwards a young lady of fifteen years consulted him, to see if he could restore to moderate dimensions her nose, which was large, fleshy, and unsightly. The trait, he found, was hereditary in her family, as her mother and sister were similarly afflicted. This was discouraging, as hereditary peculiarities are particularly obstinate, but the doctor determined to try his method. He took exact measurements, and had constructed for her a "lunette pince-nez," a spring and pad for compressing the artery, which she wore at night, and whenever she conveniently could in the daytime. In three weeks a consolatory diminution was evident, and in three months the young lady was quite satisfied with the improvement in her features. Pa

tience on the one part, and skill on the other, had won the battle. This was more than twenty years ago, and since then the surgeons who have given attention to the subject have haď many similar successes.

Speaking of eye-glasses, we may remark that when long used they have another unsightly effect. At the points where they press on the sides of the nose not unfrequently the skin thickens, and forms a callus or warty excrescence. This should be avoided by altering the spot where they are worn, or by having them padded.

A singular and repulsive deformity is occasionally produced by the growth of small pendent tumors, called polypi, inside the nostrils. They are not visible externally, but can be seen within on close examination. They interfere with the voice, rendering it hoarse and nasal; the sufferer cannot breathe freely through the nostrils, and when large they change the face in a manner at once sad and ludicrous, giving it an expression like that of a frog. These tumors used formerly to be seized and torn out by means of a forceps, a painful, bloody, and risky operation. Lately, however, an admirable apparatus has been invented, by which they are surrounded with a wire, and removed instantly and painlessly by a charge of galvano-electricity along the wire.

Blows, falls, and similar injuries sometimes mar the contour of the nose in a shocking manner. They

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should in all cases be attended to with promptness and skill. Even if neglected, much can be done by an ingenious surgeon in restoration and improvement. A nose that is too flat can be raised, one with unequal apertures can be modified, one too thin can be expanded. Cosmetic surgery is rich in devices here, all of which are very available in children and young persons, less so when years have hardened and stiffened the cartilages and bones.

Even when there is no nose at all, cosmetic surgery does not quit the field. Quite the contrary. Here is one of its most brilliant victories. For, what think you? it is ready to furnish a nose, not of silver or gutta-percha, though it can do this too, but one "out of whole cloth," a good, living, fleshly nose. It will transplant you one from the arm, or the forehead, Romanic or Grecian, à volonté; it will graft it adroitly into the middle of the face, with two regular nostrils, and a handsome bridge; and it will almost challenge nature herself to improve on the model.

The surgeon, in this triumphant operation, takes advantage of a strange property of parts of our body to continue growing when they are transplanted. To give an example: At German universities there is a great passion for duels. It is an exciting pastime, and it is not very dangerous. The opponents are perfectly protected everywhere but in the face, and the weapons they use are swords very sharp at the points. They

never thrust but swing them, so that the worst wound is usually a clean and shallow cut. Once we knew or a valorous student who had the end of his nose cleanly taken off by a sweep of his opponent's weapon. The fragment was at once picked up, dusted, and fastened where it belonged with a piece of sticking plaster. In a week's time you would hardly have guessed that it had ever been off.

But a French surgeon tells a more wonderful experience. He transplanted the tail of one rat to the midIdle of the back of another. The tail continued to grow, and was as healthy as ever! Truly, it must have had a strong dose of the vital principle.

All this is very significant and pertinent to our theme; for it shows us how sanguine we may be in hoping to replace members which have been lopped off or injured.

What we have to say about red noses, and so forth, we shall defer for the chapter on the skin and complexion, where it properly belongs.

THE SENSE OF SMELL, AND PERFUMERY.

There is so much to be said about the sense of smell and odors, bad and good, that it is difficult to know where to begin-still more difficult to know where to stop. We have a friend who is an enthusiast on the topic. Sometimes he will button-hole us, and