87, 261; restrictions on States relating to, 62, 97, 211, 260; uniformity

of, 164.

Independence, Declaration of. See Declaration.

Indian Bureau, duties of, 328.

Indiana, admission of, into the Union, 206.

Indians, power of Congress to regulate commerce with, 59, 85, 175; treat-

ment of, 14.

Indictment, bills of, 266, 268; definition of, 266.

Ineligibility of United States officers to become electors of President or
members of Congress, 58, 63, 74, 92, 107, 134, 238, 239.

Insolvent laws, 179, 180.

Insurrections, provision for suppressing, 60, 86, 195.

Interior Department, establishment of, 327; list of secretaries of, 327.
International postal affairs, 326.

Interstate commerce, 61, 90, 174, 226.

Invasion, definition of, 225; protection of States against, 68, 94, 246;
provision for repelling, 60, 86, 195.

Inventions, patents granted for, 60, 85, 189.

Iowa, admission of, into the Union, 207.

Italian Army, size of, 197.

Jackson, Andrew, a candidate for presidency, 133; twice President,
316.

Jefferson, Thomas, elected President first time by House, 132, 287; on
official immunities, 275; twice President, 315; Vice-President, 315.
Johnson, Andrew, President, 299, 317; Vice-President, 317.
Johnson, Richard M., elected Vice-President by Senate, 151, 300, 316.
Journal of proceedings to be kept by each House of Congress, 57, 83, 155;
yeas and nays to be entered on, on request, 57, 83.

Judges, appointment of, 65, 82, 103, 105, 149, 150, 305, 306; circuit,
303; district, 304; how removable, 65, 105, 305, 307; in States bound
by Constitution, 69, 96; oath of office of, 69. 105, 305, 306; of Supreme
Court, 303; pensions of, after limited service, 304; salary of, 66, 105,
304, 306, 307; tenure of office of, 66, 105, 305, 306.

Judgments obtained in one State valid in every other State, 210.
Judicial Department, analysis of, 105; distinct from Legislative and
Executive Departments, 52-54; where vested, 66, 105. 302.

Judicial officers, election of, 53; officers, oath of office of, 253, 254, 306;
powers of Senate, 56, 82, 151; proceedings of States, how proved, 67,
87; rights of criminals, 265-269.

Judiciary, objections to, 48; powers of Congress as to, 60, 66, 86, 198.
Jurisdiction, appellate, 66, 106, 198, 308, 309, 312; concurrent, 308;
exclusive, 308; extent of, in the United States, 66, 72, 105, 106;
Federal, 303; maritime, 66, 106, 272, 312; of national courts, extent
of, 307; original, 66, 105, 308–314.

Jury, grand, 268, 269; indictment by, 266; petit, 268, 269; trial of
criminal cases by, 66, 71, 98. 99, 267, 268, 272.

Justice, Department of, 329; establishment of, 54, 77, 111-113, 302;
fugitives from, 67, 94, 217, 248; great triumph of British, 231.

Kansas, admission of, into the Union, 207.

Kent on the law of nations, 231.

Kentucky, admission of, into the Union, 206.

King, William R., Vice-President of United States, 316.

Land forces, rules for government of, 60; titles, origin of, 15.

Lands, cession of unappropriated, to United States, 205; claims to, under
grants of different States, 314; disposal of public, 167, 170; duties of
Bureau of Public, 328; grants of, for educational purposes, 168; trans-
fer of public, 330; validity of claims to public, 234.

Law and fact, appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court as to, 66, 106;
common, in the Colonies, 16; common, what it includes, 271, 272;
Constitution of the United States the supreme, 69, 96, 252; definition
of, 272, 308; of nations, Kent on, 231; of nations, letters of marque
and reprisal grantable by the, 192; of nations, offenses against, 60, 85,
182, 183; of nations, rights of ambassadors regulated by, 309; presi-
dential succession, 211.
Lawmaking, general, 54, 61, 81, 88, 216; method of procedure in, 58,
59, 89, 218.

Laws, bankrupt, 59, 85, 179, 180, 258; copyright. 60, 85, 187-189; execu-
tion of, 60, 65, 86, 103, 277, 298, 319; ex post facto, forbidden, 61, 62,
91, 97, 228, 259; impairing the obligation of contracts, 62, 96, 180,
256, 257; insolvent, 179, 180; inspection, 261; mode of passing, 58,
59, 89, 218; power of Congress to make, 59, 61, 85; relating to im-
posts and duties, power of Congress to revise State, 211; relating to
naturalization, 136.

Lead mines, United States, 328.

Legislative Department, 78, 116; should be kept distinct from Execu-
tive and Judicial Departments, 52-54.

Legislatures, Colonial, 18; State, power of, as to places of choosing
senators, 208; State, power of, to fill vacancies in Senate of United
States, 56, 81; State, senators chosen by, 56, 80, 137.

Letter of George Washington to Congress, submitting the Constitution, 76.
Letters of marque and reprisal, definition of, 192; of marque and reprisal,

power of Congress to grant, 60, 85, 192; of marque and reprisal, States
forbidden to grant, 62, 96, 259; patent, cost of, 190; patent, how to
obtain, 189; rates of postage on, 184-186.

Libel, definition of, 236.

Liberty, provision for securing blessings of, 54, 77, III, 115; spirit of, 19;
triumph in the cause of national, 49.
Lighthouse establishments, 319.

Lincoln, Abraham, death of, 144, 299, 317; twice President, 317.
Louisiana, acquisition of, by United States, 202, 206; admission of, 206.
Madison, James, first effective move towards formation of Constitution
made by, 41; twice President of United States, 316.

Magazines, power of Congress relating to, 61, 87, 202, 204.
Mail, contract for carrying, 326; routes in United States, 186.
Maine, admission of, into the Union, 206.

Marine hospitals, erection of, 319.

Marque and reprisal, letters of.

See Letters.

Maryland, original government of, 17; passage of law by, affecting
importers, 211; ratification of Articles of Confederation by, 29; ratifi-
cation of Constitution by, 49; settlement of, 15.

Maryland Convention a failure, 43; object of, 42; only five States
represented in, 42; recommended by Virginia Legislature, 41, 42.
Massachusetts, abolition of slavery in, 262; insurrection of Shays in, 44;
original government of, 18; ratification of Articles of Confederation
by, 29; ratification of Constitution by, 49; settlement of, 15; the only
State not holding slaves at time of adoption of Constitution, 262.

Measures. See Weights and Measures.

Medicine and Surgery, duties of Bureau of, 324.

Meeting of Congress, 57, 88, 217; of electors a matter of form, 281; of
electors, place of, 72, 100; of Supreme Court, time and place of, 303.
Members of Congress, attendance of absent, may be compelled, 57, 83,
154, 155; expulsion of, 57, 83, 157, 158; privileged from arrest, 58, 99,
274, 275; prohibitions on, 58, 83, 84, 158, 159; punishment of, 57, 83.
Membership in Congress, 57, 82, 153, 154.

Messages, presidential, 65, 103, 295.

Michigan, admission of, into the Union, 206.

Microscopical Division of Department of Agriculture, 332.

Military commissions, issue of, 321.

Militia, appointment and training of, 60, 94, 195, 245; calling forth of,
60, 86, 195, 298; commander-in-chief of, 64, 102, 289; provision for,
60, 86, 195.

Ministers, appointment of public, 65, 82, 103, 149, 292, 297; definition
of public, 294; jurisdiction in cases affecting public, 66, 106, 309;
reception of public, 65, 103, 297.

Minnesota, admission of, into the Union, 207.

Money, amount of, borrowed by United States, 1861-65, 166; coinage of,
59, 85, 176, 318; power of Congress to borrow, on credit of United
States, 59, 84, 166; public, not to be drawn except by appropriation,
61, 91, 226, 227; receipts and expenditures of public, to be published,
61, 91, 226, 227; States forbidden to coin, 62, 96, 256.

Monroe, James, twice President of United States, 316.-
Montana, admission of, into the Union, 207.

Morton, Levi P., Vice-President of United States, 317.

Museum of Department of Agriculture, 332.

Napoleon, decree of, abolishing slave trade, 232.

Naturalization, definition of, 198; laws relating to, 59, 86, 123, 136,

198.

Naval Academy, 324.

Naval Asylum, 324.

Navigation, duties of Bureau of, 324.

Navy and army a nation's strength in time of war, 172; commander-in-
chief of, 64, 102, 196, 289; crimes committed in, 266; list of secretaries
of, 325; of what it consists, 194; provision for, 60, 86, 194; rules for,
60, 195; statistics concerning, 194.

Navy Department, 323; and War Department, separation of, 323.
Nays. See Yeas and Nays.

Nebraska, admission of, into the Union, 207.

Nevada, admission of, into the Union, 207.

New Hampshire, abolition of slavery in, 263; original government of,
17; ratification of Articles of Confederation by, 29; ratification of
Constitution by, 49; settlement of, 15.

New Jersey, abolition of slavery in, 262; ratification of Articles of Con-
federation by, 29; ratification of Constitution by, 49; represented in
Maryland Convention, 43; settlement of, 15.

New Orleans, location of mint in, 177.

New York State, number of senators and representatives from, in 1890,
135; original government of, 17; ratification of Articles of Confeder-
ation by, 29; ratification of Constitution by, 49; represented in Mary-
land Convention, 43; settlement of, 13, 15; wrested from the Dutch, 14.
Nobility, granting of titles of, prohibited, 62, 91, 93, 97, 227, 260.
North American Colonies. See Colonies.

North Carolina, original government of, 17; ratification of Articles of
Confederation by, 29; ratification of Constitution by, 49; resolution
of, to discontinue importation of slaves, 230; settlement of, 15.
North Dakota, admission of, into the Union, 207,

Oath, substitution of affirmation for, 160; as to citizenship, 200; of office,
64, 69, 84, 96, 102, 104, 160, 253, 254, 288, 300, 305, 306.
Office, disqualifications of members of Congress respecting, 57, 58, 63, 74,
79, 80, 92, 107, 158, 159; oaths of, 64, 69, 84, 96, 102, 104, 160, 253,
254, 288, 300, 305, 306; religious test as qualification to, prohibited,
69, 92, 235, 237; removals from, 57, 65, 82, 93, 102, 105, 152, 241, 288,
305, 307, 326; senatorial, not an office under government of United
States, 136; tenure of, by judges, 66, 105, 305, 306; tenure of, by
President, 62, 100, 277; tenure of, by representatives, 54, 79, 124, 125,
135; tenure of, by senators, 56, 80, 135, 137; tenure of, by Vice-Presi-
dent, 62, 104, 301; of Vice-President, ineligibility to, 299.
Officers, appointment of inferior, 149, 212, 306; of Agricultural Depart-
ment, names and duties of, 332, 333; of House of Representatives, 130;
of Interior Department, 327; of Navy Department, 324; of Post Office
Department, 326; of State Department, 318; of Treasury Department,
319, 320; of United States, impeachment of, 65, 93; of United States,
ineligibility of, to membership in Congress, 123, 124, 134, 136, 145; of
United States, President shall commission, 298; of United States, pro-
visions relating to, 58, 63, 92, 123, 124, 238; of United States, religious
test of, forbidden, 69, 92, 235. 237; of War Department, 321, 322;
power of President to suspend civil, 294; power of Senate to elect its
own, 150; salary of cabinet, 333; term of civil, 293.

Ohio, admission of, into the Union, 206.

Orders, resolutions, and votes, procedure in passing, 59, 90, 222.
Ordnance, duties of Bureau of, 324.

Oregon, admission of, into the Union, 207.

Original jurisdiction, 66, 105, 308, 309.

Pardons, clerk of, 318; power of President to grant, 65, 102, 291.
Parliament, British, act passed by, intended to conciliate Colonies, 19;
Blackstone on official immunity in, 275; claims of the, 13, 19; mem-
bers of, not paid for services, 161; slave trade declared piracy by, 231;
sovereign of England has sole power to convene, 217.

Patent rights, 60, 85, 187, 189, 328.

Penalties. See Punishment.

Pennsylvania, abolition of slavery in, 262; original government of, 17;
ratification of Articles of Confederation by, 29; ratification of Constitu-
tion by, 49; represented in Maryland Convention, 43; settlement of, 15.
Pensions, provisions relating to, 75, 108, 304, 328.

People, election of representatives by, 125; establishment of Constitution
by, 54, 77, III; right of, to keep and bear arms, 70, 92, 235, 237; right
of, to peaceably assemble, 70, 92, 234, 236, 237.

Personal rights as to charges of treason, 67, 99; as to citizenship, 73, 106;
as to civil actions, 71, 99, 271, 272; as to criminal actions, 70, 71, 98,

267, 268; as to domicile, 70, 97, 264; as to freedom from arrest and
of speech, 58, 100, 235; as to security, 70, 74, 98, 107, 264, 267.
Philadelphia Convention, adjournment of, 46; original object of, 44,
46; report by, of draft of Constitution, 46; report recommending, sent
to Congress, 43; representation of States in, 46.

Pierce, Franklin, President of United States, 316.

Piracy, definition of, 181; punishment for, 60, 85, 181-183, 231.
Polk, James Knox, President of the United States, 316.

Pomological Division of Department of Agriculture, 332.

Population of Delaware in 1790 and 1860, 241; of United States, 129,
242; the basis of representation, 117, 118, 120, 242.
Portugal, prohibition by, of purchase of slaves, 232.

Postal affairs, international, 326; system, progress of, 184-186.
Postmaster-general, 184, 185, 212, 326.

Postmasters, appointment of, 184, 326; removal of, 326; salaries of, 326.
Postmasters-general, appointment of assistant, 326; list of, 327.

Post Office Department, 184, 325; expenditures and receipts of, 185, 186.
Post offices, establishment of, 60, 85, 183, 184; returns from, 326.
Post roads, establishment of, 60, 85, 186.

Power loom, invention of, 216.

Preamble to the Constitution of the United States, 54, 77, III.
Presents to persons in United States offices forbidden, 62, 240.

President of Senate, salary of, 162; Vice-President of United States, 142.
President of United States, annual messages of, 65, 103, 295; cabinet of,
how constituted, 333; commander-in-chief of army and navy, 196; duty
of, to enforce execution of laws, 298; election of, 48, 49, 62, 72, 80,
100, 279, 280, 284, 285, 300; eligibility to office of, 64, 100; executive
power vested in, 62, 100, 276; impeachment of, 65, 93; may require the
opinion of heads of departments, 290; oath of office of, 64, 69, 102, 288;
objections against, 47; powers and duties of, 58, 64, 65, 102, 217, 289,
294, 296, 298; provision in case of death or other disability of, 144,
211; provisions relating to electors of, 62, 63, 87, 100, 207, 209; qual-
ifications of, 278; reception of ambassadors and other public ministers
by, 65, 103, 297; removal of, from office, 65, 102, 288; salary of, 64,
93, 102, 240, 288; salary of cabinet of, 333; shall commission all officers
of United States, 298; term of service of, 62, 100, 277; trial of, 56,
82,151; veto of, 220-223; when elected by House, 130, 132, 284, 300.
President pro tempore of the Senate an officer thereof, 143, 145; and Vice-
President, offices of, compared, 145; by whom chosen, 56, 81, 82;
never succeeds to presidential duties, 144; not impeachable, 145; not
Vice-President of United States, 144, 146; salary of, 162.

Presidential succession, 144, 211.

Presidents of the United States, list of, 315.

Presidents pro tempore of the Senate, list of, 335.

Press, freedom of, 70, 92, 236.

Privileges of citizenship, 67, 74, 93, 106, 199, 243; of habeas corpus, 61,
90, 225.

Prize causes, 193, 313.

Prohibitions on members of Congress, 58, 83; on States, 62, 74, 96, 97,
107, 255, 259; on the United States, 61, 90, 223–238.

Property, power of Congress over personal, 170; rights as to, 265, 267.
Proprietary governments, 17.

Provincial Assembly, 17; governments, 16.