Under the law referred to six agents were appointed, and entered upon this duty: Benjamin Vernon, at Detroit; Dr. J. Turonicliffe, Jr., at Washington, D. C.; Luther B. Willard, at Nashville, Tenn.; J. B. Gillman, at Louisville, Ky.; Weston Flint, at St. Louis, Mo.; and Darius Clark, in New York city. During the latter part of the war D. A. Millard was employed at the Washington agency.

The necessity for these agencies became more and more apparent every day as the war progressed, proving of immense benefit to the Michigan troops in general, and particularly to those who found it necessary to accept pecuniary assistance. The agencies were managed by gentlemen much in sympathy with the cause of the soldiers, taking much interest in their welfare, consequently laboring faithfully in their behalf.

At the commencement of 1863, three regiments of cavalry, two of infantry, one of sharp-shooters, and two batteries were in process of recruitment within the State.

During January, the company known as the "Provost Guard," raised by Captain E. D. Robinson, under authority from the War Department, for duty at the Detroit Barracks, was mustered into service. Also company "L," "Merrill Horse," recruited at Battle Creek by Captain Almon E. Preston.

The 7th cavalry, recruiting for which had commenced in September previous, remained in rendezvous at Grand Rapids until the 20th of February following, when eight companies, which had been completed, were ordered to report at Washington, and a few days thereafter took up their march for that purpose, under command of Colonel W. D. Mann. The remaining battalion was left in camp to recruit, and joined the regiment in the field during the month of May.

The 8th cavalry, at its rendezvous at Mt. Clemens, enlisted a force in officers and men of 1,117, as is shown by its muster-in rolls, and two battalions moved towards Kentucky on the 12th of May, under command of Colonel John Stockton, the remaining companies following two weeks thereafter.

The 9th cavalry, under command of Colonel James J. David, took up its line of march from Coldwater to Cincinnati on the 18th, 20th, and 25th of May, leaving two incomplete companies to be filled. These soon after joined the regiment in the field. The muster-in rolls show the original strength of the regiment as 1,073.

Recruiting for the two regiments of infantry forming, in December-the 27th and 28th-proceeded so slowly that it was determined, in view of the exigencies of the service, to consolidate them, and on the 1st of February the 27th was ordered to break camp at Port Huron and proceed to the rendezvous of the 28th, at Ypsilanti. The process of consolidation was there completed, the united regiments becoming known as the 27th Michigan Infantry. On the 12th of April, eight companies being filled, began their movement to Cincinnati, under command of Colonel D. M. Fox, their muster-in rolls showing an aggregate of 865. The completion of the regiment was afterwards effected.

The 1st regiment of Michigan sharp-shooters, which had its first rendezvous at Kalamazoo, was afterward transferred to Dearborn, and on the 8th of July, six companies only being filled, was ordered to Indianapolis, under command of Colonel C. V. DeLand. The completed muster-in rolls of the regiment show an aggregate of 963.

The 10th battery, under command of Captain J. C. Schultz, left Grand

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Rapids with the 7th cavalry, destined to Washington, its muster-in roll containing the names of 104 officers and men.

The 11th battery, under Captain Charles J. Thompson, raised in connection with the 9th cavalry, left Coldwater with the regiment, having 108 names on its muster-in rolls, and reported at headquarters of the Department of Ohio, at Cincinnati.

The 12th battery, Captain E. G. Hillier, which had a somewhat informal origin in connection with the 8th cavalry, was ordered to Dearborn after the departure of the latter regiment. It proceeded thence to Indianapolis in July. The muster-in roll of the battery shows that up to its completion 219 officers and men had been mustered in.

The quota of the State, under the President's call of August 4, 1862, for 300,000 militia remaining unfilled, a draft was made in February following, on the basis of the census of 1860, in the counties then in arrear for the small deficiency then existing. The number of men drafted was 1278. Of this number (either of themselves or by substitutes) 710 were delivered at the United States barracks at Detroit, 545 of whom were sent to various regiments and batteries in the field, a few of the remainder deserting, while others were discharged for alienage, disability, or other causes, by United States authorities. Of the 545 men thus realized from the draft for a service of nine months each, 430 were induced to enlist for three years, 115 only going into the field for the shorter term. These facts are exhibited in clearer detail in the subjoined table, showing the result of the draft:

On the 23d of June Col. F. W. Kellogg was authorized by the War De

partment to raise two additional regiments of cavalry and two more batteries of artillery, to be completed within forty days. The authority was upon the direct and urgent requests of the Secretary of War endorsed by the Governor, although he had determined to raise no more new regiments, but to receive volunteers only for the wasted regiments in the field. Having thus consented to the proposed increase, the 10th cavalry and 13th battery were thereupon, under the personal management of Col. Kellogg, placed in rendezvous at Grand Rapids, and the 11th cavalry and 14th battery were also organized under the same direction, with headquarters at Kalamazoo. It was found impracticable, however, to complete these bodies within the time originally limited, and the 10th cavalry, in command of Col. Thaddeus Foote, of Grand Rapids, left its camp for Lexington, Kentucky, on the 1st of December, and the 11th, in command of Col. S. B. Brown, of St. Clair, for the same destination on the 17th, the former numbering 912 and the latter 921 on their muster-in rolls. The two batteries remaining in the State in the process of organization.

The Michigan cavalry had been so uniformly celebrated in the Union armies that the War Department gave the State a preference regarding that arm of service; consequently Michigan furnished eleven regiments, a larger proportion of her troops in cavalry than did any other State. To Col. Kellogg unusual credit should be awarded, having by indefatigable and persistent energy, with great ability and tact in that direction, raised six of these fine regiments, an achievement unparalleled in the recruitment of troops in this or any other State.

In July the Secretary of War commissioned Henry Barns, of Detroit, a colonel in the United States army, with authority to recruit a colored regiment in Michigan. With the approval of the Governor he at once commenced this arduous task, and the 1st Michigan colored infantry were placed in process of recruitment. The organization was completed on the 17th of February following, when it was mustered into the service of the United States, with 895 names on its rolls. The designation of the regiment was afterwards changed by the War Department, with the consent of the Governor of the State, to the 102d United States colored troops. It left its rendezvous at Detroit on the 28th of March to join the Ninth Army Corps, then at Annapolis, Maryland.

In March, 1863, the Congress of the United States passed "An act for enrolling and calling out the national forces," which provided elaborate details for the accomplishment of the object in view, leaving their execution exclusively in the hands of the Federal authorities.

Under the law referred to, the national force was declared to consist, with certain specified exceptions, of "all able-bodied male citizens of the United States and persons of foreign birth who shall have declared on oath their intention to become citizens under and in pursuance of the laws thereof, between the ages of twenty and forty-five years;" and this force was divided into two classes, the first to comprise "all persons subject to do military duty between the ages of twenty and thirty-five years, and all unmarried persons subject to do military duty above the age of thirty-five and under the age of forty-five," the second to comprise "all other persons subject to do military duty;" and it was provided that the latter class "shall not, in any district, be called into the service of the United States until those of the firstclass shall have been called." Each Congressional district was formed into an enrollment district, a provost marshal and board of enrollment provided for each, and these districts were again divided into sub-districts, consisting of wards and townships.

Lieut. Col. Bennett H. Hill, 5th U. S. artillery, was appointed by the War Department Acting Assistant Provost Marshal General of the State. Col. Hill proved to be an officer of great executive ability, truly loyal and patriotic. He superintended the enrollment and drafting in Michigan during the war. He was a graduate of the Military Academy at West Point and a native of the District of Columbia.

The following named gentlemen' served as provost marshals:

First District-John S. Newberry, of Detroit, who was succeeded by Mark Flanigan, of the same place; headquarters at Detroit.

Second District-Rollin C. Dennison, of Kalamazoo; headquarters at that place.

Third District-Robert J. Barry, of Ann Arbor; headquarters at Jack

son.

Fourth District-Norman Bailey, of Hastings; headquarters at Grand Rapids.

Fifth District-Charles M. Walker, of Lapeer, now of Adrian, who was succeeded by William M. McConnell, of Pontiac; headquarters at that point.

Sixth District-Randolph Strickland, of St. John's; headquarters at Flint. The rendezvous for the reception of drafted men was established at Grand Rapids, and was placed in charge of Gen. S. G. Champlin, formerly of 3d Michigan, and remained under his command until disability caused by wounds rendered his continuance on duty impossible. He was relieved by Col. Norman J. Hall, of the 7th Michigan, who was in turn relieved by Col. Charles H. Town, 1st Michigan cavalry.

The rendezvous was continued at Grand Rapids until March 4th, 1864, when it was changed to Jackson on account of its central location. Col. G. S. Wormer had charge of it until authorized to raise the 30th infantry, when he was relieved on the 20th of November following by Gen. L. Cutler, of Wisconsin, who continued in command until recruiting for the armies ended. Through these agencies a general enrollment was made during the summer; the following exhibit, is derived from the returns made to Colonel Hill, showing the total numbers so enrolled in the State:

On the completion of the enrollment in each of the several States, a draft was ordered to be made of one-fifth of the first class so enrolled therein; this number, however, to be subject to such modifications as might be produced by an adjustment of the surplus or deficiency existing in the accounts of each State under previous calls. In other words, a State which had furnished more than had been asked for under previous calls of the General Government was to be credited with the excess. In making the computations necessary to this adjustment, the term of service and number of men furnished were alike taken into account, and the advantages to the people of the State of the policy which had prevailed of encouraging three years' enlistments, at periods when other States were placing nine months' or two years' men in the field, became strikingly manifest. A statement sent to the Adjutant-General's office from the War Department gave, on the 26th of May, a surplus to be applied on the impending draft of 4,403 men. It had been the practice, in the absence of official data from Washington, to estimate the quota of Michigan under the calls of 1861 at 19,500, that being about the result of calculations based upon the census returns of population. It appeared by this statement, however, that the Federal authorities had assumed 21,357 as the apportionment of the State under the call referred to. Notwithstanding the diminution occasioned by this discovery, the surplus credited to us still appeared to be considerably less than was due the