attack the next day on a brigade of rebel cavalry, from whom it captured 3 pieces of artillery and 75 prisoners, the loss of the regiment being 11 wounded and 2 missing.

Following the 2d through its services that followed, it is found engaging the enemy at numerous points in 1864. At Dug Gap, Ga., May 13th and 14th; at Ettoway river on the 26th, 27th, and 28th, losing at these points 16 in killed and wounded. On the 7th of October following, the regiment, in command of Colonel Thomas Johnson, engaged the enemy on Cypress river, with a loss of 6 in killed and wounded. Among the killed was Lieutenant Russell T. Darrow. November 1st it marched from Blue Waters towards Shoal creek, Alabama, and was attacked by the enemy at that point on the 5th, and, after a gallant defence, was forced back to Four Mile creek, sustaining a heavy loss. From the 9th to the 14th it was in camp, doing ordinary scouting and picket duty. On the 15th it broke camp and made a reconnoissance to the right of its position, and encamped at Taylor's Springs, and remained there until the 20th, when it marched to Lexington, Tenn., and on the 21st to Lawrenceburg, where it was attacked by the enemy on the afternoon of that day, and fell back towards Campbellsville and near Columbia, skirmishing at both these points. The 25th it crossed Duck river, and the 28th was in line of battle near the Lewisburg pike. On the 29th it retired to Spring Hill, and was engaged in skirmishing during the day at that place and at Bethesda Church. On the 30th it was engaged at Franklin, fighting all day, sustaining a loss of 1 killed, 17 wounded, and 3 missing. The regiment marched from near Franklin, December 1st, to within a few miles of Nashville, and was in line of battle during the night. On the 2d passed through that city, crossing the Cumberland river, went into camp at Edgefield, and remained there until the 12th, when it recrossed the Cumberland, passing through Nashville, and encamped on the Charlotte pike. On the 15th it advanced about two miles, dismounted and skirmished during that day and next; at sunset mounted and proceeded in the direction of the Harpeth river, swimming that stream, and thence marching to Spring Hill. Crossing Duck river on the 23d, and passing through Columbia on the 24th, it met the enemy at Richland creek, and fought him all day, charging and driving him sixteen miles, losing 1 killed and 6 wounded; skirmishing at Pulaski on the 25th, and at Sugar creek on the 26th, passing Taylor's Springs on the 28th, reaching Waterloo on the 31st.

On the 17th of January, 1865, it broke camp, crossing the Tennessee river, and passing through Eastport, Iuka, and Burnsville, Miss., taking six prisoners; thence proceeded to Corinth and Farmington on the 19th, and returning via Iuka, taking five prisoners, and thence, via Eastport, crossing the Tennessee river, reached Waterloo on 21st, and remained there until March the 11th, when, breaking camp, it recrossed the Tennessee river, marched to Chickasaw, Ala., and was there in camp until the 22d, when it again broke camp, passing through Frankfort and Russellville on the 24th, crossed Big Ford creek on the 25th, reaching Eldridge on the 26th, passed Jasper and crossed the Mulberry river on the 28th, and Black Warrior river on the 29th, and the 30th reached Elytown. Crossed Black Warrior again on April 1st, at Johnston's Ferry, swimming the horses. Skirmished with the enemy on the 2d at Trion, and on the 3d arrived at Tuscaloosa, surprising and taking prisoners the pickets, capturing the city, three cannon, and taking a large number of prisoners. After destroying a large number of buildings containing rebel stores, and burning the bridge, the regiment marched to Bridgeville, where it was attacked on the 6th,

and, after a brisk engagement, with a loss of three wounded, repulsed the enemy. Continuing the march towards Northport, passed it and Windham's Springs. On the 13th crossed Wolf creek; on the 14th, Lost creek and Black Water; on the 19th, Black Warrior and the Coosa, at Luff's Ferry; on the 22d, reaching Talladaga. Skirmished with General Hill's brigade on the 23d, losing two killed and taking one piece of artillery.

THE THIRD CAVALRY.

The 3d cavalry, also raised under the direction of Col. Kellogg, soon followed to the field the 2d cavalry. Moving from Grand Rapids in command of Lieut. Col. R. H. G. Minty November 28, 1861, for Benton Barracks, Missouri, where Col. J. K. Mizner assumed command of the regiment. Its first engagement with the rebels was at New Madrid, Missouri, March 13th, 1862, where it commenced a most creditable career, giving traitors a lively idea what Michigan cavalry were and what they might expect in the future, and this the regiment made them understand and realize to the fullest extent during the entire war. The 3d, after the surrender of Island No. 10 to the Union forces under General Pope, joined the army in front of Corinth, and served there until its evacuation by the rebels. The regiment then entered on the campaign of General Grant in Mississippi and served under General Rosecrans, encountering the enemy with much success in numerous engagements and skirmishes. At Iuka on September 19th, 1862, while in command of Captain L. G. Wilcox, Col. Mizner, being chief of cavalry, it became conspicuously distinguished; having the advance of the forces under General Hamilton, moving eastward on the Tuscumbia road, it engaged the enemy in a most vigorous and dashing manner. Capt. Wilcox, in his report of the affair, says:

* * * "At a late hour on the 18th instant, while encamped at Davenport's Mills, near Jacinto, I directed company A, Captain Dyckman, to examine the Iuka road, running northeast from the Mills and midway between the Tuscumbia and Burnsville roads, in order to determine the practicability of moving wagon or artillery trains on the road, and whether any portion of the road was occupied by the enemy.

"The reconnoissance was properly and promptly made, and the road found to be impracticable for moving trains, but passable for infantry and cavalry. The road was occupied by pickets, who fired upon the reconnoitering party.

"At 4 o'clock on the following morning, pursuant to instructions from Col. Mizner, I took eight companies of my command, leaving four in camp, and proceeded in light marching order along the Tuscumbia road east to its intersection with the Russellville road, about six miles east of Jacinto, where my command took the advance of General Hamilton's division and moved in the direction of Barnett's Corners. I had moved about two miles further when I found indications of the presence of rebel cavalry; the indications were more marked as we proceeded, and as we arrived at the brow of the hill, about one half mile west of Barnett's, a volley was fired into the head of the column. The rebel force seemed well supported, and I immediately dismounted twenty men and sent them, in command of Capt. Latimer, into the woods to the right. Twenty more were sent into a corn-field to the left in command of Lieut. Mix, and companies A and F, under Capt. Dyckman, were sent forward on the road. After a sharp skirmish of about fifteen minutes the rebels were driven from the woods, leaving one man killed and one horse; also, one man, horse, and equipments were taken by Capt. Latimer. From this point (Barnett's) a running fight was kept up,

the rebels falling back to a branch of the Cripple Deer creek, distant about four miles. On arriving at the branch we found that the rebel cavalry had rallied at a house situated on an elevation four hundred yards distant and commanding the road. The advance, under Sergeant H. D. Cutting, company K, charged up the road at full gallop and drove them from their position into the woods; but the enemy rallied, two squadrons strong, and forced the advance to retire. Sergeant Cutting's horse was shot, which was the only casualty occurring to my command in this instance. A number of shots were fired into the head of the column, killing a lieutenant on Gen. Hamilton's staff. I at once wheeled the cavalry into line on the road side and uncovered a column of infantry, which moved to the front and deployed on either side of the road, and drove the enemy from the cover of some buildings behind which they were sheltered.

"A column of infantry then moved in advance, and position having been taken at a point about one and a half mile from Iuka, pursuant to orders received from Col. Mizner, I immediately moved with four companies, viz: Company K, Capt. Newell; company E, Capt. Latimer; company F, Capt. Kiese; and company A, Capt. Dyckman, to the front, and moved out to the right of Constable's Ohio battery; Lieut. Adams commanding the advance guard.

"After proceeding about one half mile, Lieut. Adams, perceiving a body of cavalry on a hill directly east of the battle-field, attacked and drove them away with considerable loss. I then formed my men behind the brow of the hill, dismounted a portion, and poured an irregular fire into the enemy's left flank and upon those who showed themselves in our front with considerable effect, twenty-two dead having been afterwards found, who must have fallen by our hands. During the time that we were in this position the enemy occasionally gave us a heavy volume, but the nature of the ground was such that no casualties had occurred until near sundown, when the enemy seemed to manifest a disposition to gain our position. I immediately dismounted all the men that could be spared, sending the horses into the woods in our rear, and opened a destructive fire upon them. They immediately fell back, and made no further attempt to advance upon us. We took a first lieutenant, bearing the stand of colors belonging to the 3d Louisiana infantry. Capt. Latimer was wounded in the shoulder, also two privates slightly. Six horses were lost. After dark I moved my command to the left of the road, in rear of the infantry, where I was joined by the other four companies of my command, which had been employed in reconnoitering on either flank during the afternoon."

General Rosecrans, ever ready to acknowledge the merits of the soldier as well as the officer, says in his report of this important battle:

During the action, five privates of the 3d Michigan cavalry, beyond our extreme right, opened fire, captured a rebel stand of colors, a captain and lieutenant, sent in the colors that night, alone held their prisoners during the night, and brought them in next morning."

The battle of Iuka was sanguine, the firing heavy and rapid, and the ground was being hotly contested, when, night coming on, became masters of the field, and closed the scene of carnage. Morning revealed the fact that during the darkness of the night the enemy had left the field and was rapidly moving southward, while the Union troops made a vigorous pursuit for many miles, becoming several times hotly engaged, and causing him repeatedly to form line of battle to check the Union advance.

The 3d was actively occupied with the enemy after the affair of Iuka. Being in engagements at Corinth October 3d and 4th; at Hatchie October

.

6th; Hudsonville November 14th; Holly Springs November 19th; Lumkin's Mills November 30th; Oxford December 2d; Coffeeville December 5th; Brownsville January 14th, 1863; Clifton February 20th; Panola July 20th; Grenada August 14th; Byhalia October 12th; and Wyatt's Ford, Tallahatchie river, October 13th. In addition to these principal engagements, the regiment has participated in a large number of skirmishes of minor importance. In the affair at Grenada the 3d was in the advance. It gained possession of the town after a sharp engagement, and immediately commenced the destruction of the enemy's machinery and rolling stock accumulated at this point. Over sixty locomotives and more than four hundred cars were destroyed. At Byhalia and Wyatt's Ford the regiment was warmly engaged. In these actions the enemy were completely routed with large loss. The 3d cavalry aided largely in driving the notorious rebels, Richardson, Dawson, and Cushman, from West Tennessee, together with numerous bands of guerrillas that infested that section, and who were destroyed or dispersed by it.

During November and December, 1863, this regiment was almost constantly engaged in scouting and in various expeditions through Northern Mississippi and Western Tennessee, visiting most of the important places in that section. It had frequent encounters with the enemy's forces under Generals Forrest and Chalmers. Engagements and skirmishes in which the regiment participated occurred at Ripley, Mississippi, November 29th ; Orizaba, Mississippi, November 30th; Ellistown, Mississippi, December 3d; Purdy, Tennessee, December 22d; and Jack's Creek, Tennessee, December 24th.

During the months of November, 1864, and February, 1865, this regiment constituted the garrison of the post at Brownsville Station, on the Memphis and Little Rock railroad, and was also occupied in scouting along the line of that road, making several expeditions as far south as Arkansas Post, on the Arkansas river, collecting large droves of cattle, and thereby furnishing nearly all the beef required for the supply of the entire army then serving in the Department of Arkansas. At Brownsville Station the regiment erected a complete set of winter quarters and stables, so neatly and tastefully arranged as to present the appearance of an important town, which attracted so much attention as to result in a change of its name from "Brownsville Station" to "Michigan City." The very active duty of the regiment at that time was so conducive to the health of the men that 1,008 were daily reported present for duty, and less than three per cent. were on the sick list. Early in February the regiment was selected to constitute part of a division then being organized for active and important service in early spring, and was assigned to the 1st brigade, 1st division, 7th army corps, and moved to Brownsville. On the 14th of March the brigade was transferred from the Department of Arkansas to the Military Division of West Mississippi, to join the troops under MajorGeneral Canby, designed to operate against Mobile, and the regiment proceeded by steamer to New Orleans, arriving at Carrolton, La., March 23d, and embarked for Mobile early in April. After the fall of Mobile, it was employed on outpost duty until the surrender of the Confederate forces east of the Mississippi river, when the regiment was selected as the escort of Major-General Canby on the occasion of his receiving the formal surrender of the rebel General Taylor and his army. It left Mobile May 8, and marched across the country to Baton Rouge, La., reaching there on the 22d. When Major-General Sheridan assumed the command of the Military Division of the Southwest, the regiment was selected and ordered

to report to him for duty, and was immediately prepared to join the expedition to Texas, and left Baton Rouge for Shreeveport, June 10th, and commenced its march into Texas from the latter place July 10th, traversing two-thirds the breadth of that State, arriving on the 2d of August at San Antonio. At that point the regiment was stationed, performing garrison duty and employed in the necessary scouting for the protection of the frontier as far as the Rio Grande, on the Mexican border, and in furnishing escorts for supply trains. The regiment comprised a part of the 1st brigade, 1st cavalry division, Military Division of the Gulf, and had its headquarters at San Antonio until February 15, 1866, when it was dismounted. and mustered out of service.

THE FOURTH CAVALRY.

The Western rebel troops in the war were made to know the 4th Michigan cavalry, and undoubtedly most of them that are alive now have not forgotten them. The regiment was raised and organized by Col. R. H. G. Minty, previously Lieutenant-Colonel 3d Michigan cavalry. Under his command it left the State for the field in Kentucky, September 26, 1862. It fought its first battle at Stanford, in that State, on the 14th of October following, and was thus early initiated into the realities of the great rebellion.

The 4th was in the advance in the attack on Morgan and his guerillas at Stanford, and joined in pursuit as far as Crab Orchard. It also led the attack on Lebanon, Ky., November 9, driving in Morgan's pickets at a gallop, and entered the town, 543 strong, two miles in advance of the infantry, driving out Morgan with 759 men and two pieces of artillery, and capturing a large amount of commissary stores and clothing.

It was engaged at Rural Hill on the 15th, Baird's Mills on the 30th, Hollow Gap, December 4th, and at Wilson's Creek on the 11th.

On the 13th of December the 4th marched from Nashville, where it had been stationed since the 28th of November, 1862, to Franklin, captured the rebel pickets, drove out the enemy, 1,300 strong, killed, wounded, and captured a number of them, with their colors, and destroyed an immense quantity of stores. On the 15th a detail of 40 men belonging to the regiment were captured on the Murfreesboro pike while, it was claimed, they were under the protection of a flag of truce. Breaking camp on the 26th, the regiment moved in the extreme advance of the army from Nashville, and commenced the fighting at Lavergne. December 31st it had a sharp skirmish with a large force of the enemy's cavalry, which it repulsed and drove back, the 4th losing 3 killed and 7 wounded. The 4th was the first regiment to enter Murfreesboro, January 5, 1863. May 22d following, the regiment, with detachments of the 1st and 2d brigades (the 4th and two companies of U. S. cavalry being in the advance,) charged into the camp of the 1st Alabama, 8th Confederate, and 2d Georgia cavalry, and, after a severe engagement, routed them, taking 55 prisoners, and destroying their camp equipage, stores, etc. The colors of the 1st Alabama (since presented to the State of Michigan) were captured by Sergeant-Major Clark and Privates Wilcox and Parker, of the 4th Michigan.

During its whole term of service it proved a most reliable and gallant regiment, deservedly proud of its fighting reputation, accomplishing an uncommon amount of duty. The fighting of this regiment seems to have been so uniformly brave and effective that the colonel has found some difficulty in selecting the engagements in which he considers it was most distinguished,

R