(See vol. I. p. 228.) Tangaloa having discovered land, as therein described, by the divine influence of himself and other gods, it was soon replete with all kinds of trees, herbs, and animals, such as were in Bolotoo, but of an inferior quality, and subject to decay and death. Being now willing that Tonga should also be inhabited by intelligent beings, he commanded his two sons thus :* "Go, and take with you your wives, and dwell in the world at Tonga: divide the land into two portions, and dwell separately from each other. They departed accordingly. The name of the eldest was Toobó, and the name of the youngest was Vácaaców-oóli, who was an exceeding wise young man; for it was he that first formed axes, and invented beads, and cloth, and looking-glasses. The young man called Toobó acted very differently, being very indolent, sauntering about and sleeping, and envying very much the works of his brother. Tired at length with begging his goods, he bethought himself to kill him, but concealed his wicked intention. He accordingly met his brother walking, and struck him till he was dead. At that time their father came from Bolotoo with exceeding great anger, and asked him, Why have you killed your brother? Could not you work like him? Oh thou wicked one! begone! go with my commands to the family of Váca-acow-ooli; tell them to come hither. Being accordingly come, Tangaloa straightway ordered them thus: Put your canoes to sea, and sail to the east, to the great land which is there, and take up your abode there. Be your skins white like your minds, for

*The following story is as nearly as possible a literal translation of the language in which they tell it.

your minds are pure; you shall be wise, making axes, and all riches whatsoever, and shall have large canoes. I will go myself and command the wind to blow from your land to Tonga; but they (the Tonga people) shall not be able to go to you with their bad canoes.

"Tangaloa then spoke thus to the others :You shall be black, because your minds are bad, and shall be destitute; you shall not be wise in useful things, neither shall you go to the great land of your brothers. How can you go with your bad canoes? But your brothers shall come to Tonga, and trade with you as they please."

Mr Mariner took particular pains to make inquiries respecting the above extraordinary story, with a view to discover whether it was only a corrupted relation of the Mosaic account; and he found that it was not universally known to the Tonga people. Most of the chiefs and matabooles were acquainted with it, but the bulk of the people seemed totally ignorant of it. This led him at first to suspect that the chiefs had obtained the leading facts from some of our modern missionaries, and had interwoven it with their own notions; but the oldest men affirmed their positive belief that it was an ancient traditionary record, and that it was founded in truth. It seems strange that they should believe an account which serves so much to degrade them, and makes even their very chiefs to be descendants of bad men, cursed by their father with the evils of poverty and ignorance. Nevertheless, they readily own the superiority of the Papalangies, not only in knowledge, but disposition to do good; but, on the other hand, they do not so readily confess themselves to

3. The souls of matabooles, that are still inferior, and have not the power, as the two first have, of coming back to Tonga to inspire the priests, though they are supposed to have the power of appearing to their relatives.

4. The original attendants, or servants, as it were, of the gods, who, although they had their origin, and have ever since existed in Bolotoo, are still inferior to the third class.

5. The Hotooa Pow, or mischievous gods. 6. Moooi, or god that supports the earth, and does not belong to Bolotoo.

The first class, or original hotooas, are supposed to be rather numerous, perhaps about three hundred; but the names of very few are known, and those only to some of the chiefs and matabooles; for it may easily be supposed that, where no written records are kept, only those whose attributes particularly concern the affairs of this world should be much talked of. As for the rest, they are, for the most part, merely tutelar gods to particular private families; and having nothing in their history at all interesting, are scarcely known to any body else.

Several of these primitive hotooas have houses dedicated to them; the houses are built in the usual style, but, generally, somewhat more care is taken, both in building them, and keeping them in good order, decorating their enclosures with flowers, &c. About twenty of the gods have houses thus consecrated to them, some having five or six, others one or two. The following are the names and attributes of the principal gods.

TA'LI-Y-TOOBO'; (the literal meaning of this

name, from which nothing can be deduced, is Wait there, Toobo!) He is the patron of the How and his family, not of Finow in particular, who is the present king, but of any one who may be king. He is also god of war, and is consequently always invoked in time of war by the How's party. In time of peace he is also occasionally invoked for the general good of the nation. He has four houses dedicated to him in the island of Vavaoo; two at the small island of Lefooga, one at Haano, one at Wiha, and two or three others of smaller importance elsewhere. He has no priest, unless it be the How himself, whom he sometimes inspires; but it has happened that a How, during his whole reign, has not been inspired.

Too'I FOOA BOLO'TOO; the literal meaning of this is," Chief of all Bolotoo. From this name one would suppose him to be the greatest god in Bolotoo, but he is inferior to the one before mentioned. How he came by this name the natives themselves can give no account; the only answer they make is, that such is his proper name. Although he is the god of Bolotoo he is inferior to Tali y Toobo, insomuch that they scarcely make a comparison between them. If you ask them whether Tooi fooa Bolotoo is a great god, they will answer, "Yes, he is a very great god.' "Is Tali y Toobo a greater god? "Yes, much greater." "How great, then, is Tali y Toobo?" "He is a great chief, from the top of the sky down to the bottom of the earth!" He is also the god of rank in society, and in this quality he is often invoked by the heads of great families, as

the king, and other great nobles, on occasion of sickness, or other family troubles. He has several houses dedicated to him; three or four at Vavaoo, one at Lefooga, and a few at other islands. He has three or four priests, whom he occasionally inspires; at least Mr Mariner was acquainted with three or four, but perhaps there are others.

HIGOOLE'O (no literal meaning that we can discover, unless igoo leo, to guard the tail); a very high god, regarded principally by Tooitonga's family. He has no priest, nor any house, and is supposed never to come to Tonga. The natives are uncertain about his attributes.

TOOBO TOTY, literally, Toobo the mariner. He is the patron of Finow's family, also the god of voyages. In the first quality he is often invoked by Finow; in the second by chiefs, going upon any maritime expedition; also by any body in a canoe during a voyage. He is not the god of wind, but is supposed to have great influence with that deity. His chief power is extended to the preservation of canoes from accidents. This god has several houses dedicated to him, chiefly at Vavaoo and the contiguous isles. Mr Mariner only knew one priest belonging to him, but he, perhaps, has several. It will be recollected, in the former part of the history, at the time when Finow's daughter was ill, this priest, when inspired, foretold that either she or Finow must die, as decreed in Bolotoo. In consequence, Finow, after his daughter's death, was so exasperated with his god, Toobo Toty', for not making arrangements among the gods more favourable to him, that he vowed to kill his priest; which sacrilegious intention was prevented by his own death.