9

in identical terms, thus showing that they are allies in law as well as in fact, and Germany has likewise exercised the right of a sovereign nation to modify its list, although, so far as known, it adheres to the list of absolute contraband contained in Article 22 of the Declaration of London, and has only made some additions to the categories of conditional contraband enumerated in Article 24 of the Declaration. The latest list of the allies in the possession of the Journal as it goes to press is contained in the Order in Council dated December 23, 1914. This Order 10 is as follows:

BRITISH AND FRENCH CONTRABAND LIST-BY THE KING-A PROCLAMATION REVISING THE LIST OF ARTICLES TO BE TREATED AS CONTRABAND OF WAR-GEORGE R. I.

(A contraband list the same as the British Government's list has been issued by the French Government)

Whereas on the 4th day of August, 1914, we did issue our royal proclamation specifying the articles which it was our intention to treat as contraband of war during the war between us and the German Emperor; and

Whereas on the 12th day of August, 1914, we did by our royal proclamation of that date extend our proclamation aforementioned to the war between us and the Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary; and

Whereas on the 21st day of September, 1914, we did by our royal proclamation of that date make certain additions to the list of articles to be treated as contraband of war; and

Whereas on the 29th day of October, 1914, we did by our royal proclamation of that date withdraw the said lists of contraband and substitute therefor the lists contained in the schedules to the said proclamation; and

Whereas it is expedient to make certain alterations in and additions to the said lists: Now, therefore,

We do hereby declare, by and with the advice of our privy council, that the lists of contraband contained in the schedules to our royal proclamation of the 29th day of October aforementioned are hereby withdrawn, and that in lieu thereof during the continuance of the war or until we do give further public notice the articles enumerated in Schedule I hereto will be treated as absolute contraband and the articles enumerated in Schedule II hereto will be treated as conditional contraband.

SCHEDULE I

1. Arms of all kinds, including arms for sporting purposes, and their distinctive component parts.

2. Projectiles, charges, and cartridges of all kinds and their distinctive component parts.

For a discussion of these modifications, see article in this JOURNAL, page 17, by Norman Bentwich, entitled "International Law as applied by England in the War." 10 Reprinted from the Congressional Record, Jan. 13, 1915, page 1540.

3. Powder and explosives specially prepared for use in war.

4. Ingredients of explosives, viz., nitric acid, sulphuric acid, glycerine, acetone, calcium acetate, and all other metallic acetates; sulphur, potassium nitrate, the fractions of the distillation products of coal tar between benzol and cresol, inclusive; aniline, methylaniline, dimethylaniline, ammonium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, sodium chlorate, barium chlorate, ammonium nitrate, cyanamide, potassium chlorate, calcium nitrate, mercury.

5. Resinous products, camphor, and turpentine (oil and spirit).

6. Gun mountings, limber boxes, limbers, military wagons, field forges, and their distinctive component parts.

7. Range finders and their distinctive component parts.

8. Clothing and equipment of a distinctively military character.

9. Saddle, draft, and pack animals suitable for use in war.

10. All kinds of harness of a distinctively military character.

11. Articles of camp equipment and their distinctive component parts.

12. Armor plates.

13. Ferro alloys, including ferrotungsten, ferromolybdenum, ferromanganese, ferrovanadium, ferrochrome.

14. The following metals: Tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, nickel, selenium, cobalt, hematite pig iron, manganese.

15. The following ores: Wolframite, scheelite, molybdenite, manganese ore, nickel ore, chrome ore, hematite iron ore, zinc ore, lead ore, bauxite.

16. Aluminium, alumina, and salts of aluminium.

17. Antimony, together with the sulphides and oxides of antimony.

18. Copper, unwrought and part wrought, and copper wire.

19. Lead, pig, sheet, or pipe.

20. Barbed wire and implements for fixing and cutting the same.

21. Warships, including boats and their distinctive component parts of such a nature that they can only be used on a vessel of war.

22. Submarine sound signaling apparatus.

23. Aeroplanes, airships, balloons, and air craft of all kinds, and their component parts, together with accessories and articles recognizable as intended for use in connection with balloons and air craft.

24. Motor vehicles of all kinds and their component parts.

25. Tires for motor vehicles and for cycles, together with articles or materials especially adapted for use in the manufacture or repair of tires.

26. Rubber, including raw, waste, and reclaimed rubber, and goods made wholly of rubber.

27. Iron pyrites.

28. Mineral oils and motor spirit, except lubricating oils.

29. Implements and apparatus designed exclusively for the manufacture of munitions of war, for the manufacture or repair of arms, or war material for use on land and sea.

1. Foodstuffs.

SCHEDULE II

2. Forage and feeding stuffs for animals.

3. Clothing, fabrics for clothing, and boots and shoes suitable for use in war.

4. Gold and silver in coin or bullion; paper money.

5. Vehicles of all kinds, other than motor vehicles, available for use in war, and their component parts.

6. Vessels, craft, and boats of all kinds; floating docks, parts of docks, and their component parts.

7. Railway materials, both fixed and rolling stock, and materials for telegraphs, wireless telegraphs, and telephones.

8. Fuel, other than mineral oils. Lubricants.

9. Powder and explosives not specially prepared for use in war.

10. Horsehoes and shoeing materials.

11. Harness and saddlery.

12. Hides of all kinds, dry or wet; pigskins, raw or dressed; leather undressed or dressed, suitable for saddlery, harness, or military boots.

13. Field glasses, telescopes, chronometers, and all kinds of nautical instruments. Given at our court at Buckingham Palace this 23d day of December, A. D. 1914, and in the fifth year of our reign.

God save the King.

It is not necessary to give the German list, as it conforms to the Declaration of London as regards absolute contraband, and makes but the following additions to the list of conditional contraband: "Copper, unwrought, and pig lead in blocks, sheet or pipes. All rough or unworked lumber (except lignum vitæ, Palisander, ebony and similar valuable woods). Cylinder tar, sulphur, crude or refined and sulphuric acid."

CHRONICLE OF INTERNATIONAL EVENTS

WITH REFERENCES

Abbreviations: Ann. sc. pol., Annales des sciences politiques, Paris; Vie Int., La Vie Internationale, Brussels; Arch. dipl., Archives Diplomatiques, Paris; B., boletin, bulletin, bolletino; P. A. U., bulletin of the Pan-American Union, Washington; Clunet, J. de Dr. Int. Privé, Paris; Doc. dipl., France, Documents diplomatiques; B. Rel. Ext., Boletin de Relaciones Exteriores; Dr., droit, diritto, derecho; D. O., Diario Oficial; For. rel., Foreign Relations of the United States; Ga., gazette, gaceta, gazzetta; Cd., Great Britain, Parliamentary Papers; Int., international, internacional, internazionale; J., journal; J. O., Journal Officiel, Paris; L'Int. Sc., L'Internationalism Scientifique, The Hague; Mém. dipl., Memorial diplomatique, Paris; Monit., Moniteur belge, Brussels; Martens, Nouveau recueil générale de traités, Leipzig; Q. dip., Questions diplomatiques et coloniales; R., review, revista, revue, rivista; Reichs G., Reichs-Gesetzblatt, Berlin; Staats., Staatsblad, Netherlands; State Papers, British and Foreign State Papers, London; Stat. at L., United States Statutes at Large; Times, The Times (London).

May, 1914.

27 COLOMBIA ECUADOR. Ratifications exchanged of the convention signed May 20, 1913, referring to an arbitral tribunal the claims of Colombian citizens against Ecuador. Spanish text: B. rel. ext. (Chile), July, 1914, p. 19.

June, 1914.

24 SERVIA-HOLY SEE. Concordat signed. French text: B. rel. ext. (Chile), Aug., 1914, p. 50.

25 NETHERLANDS-PORTUGAL. Dr. Lardy, the arbiter appointed under convention of April 3, 1913, rendered his decision in the Island of Timor arbitration. The decision was in favor of the Netherlands. English translation of award in this Journal, p. 240.

July, 1914.

9 PERU-VENEZUELA. Ratifications exchanged of the arbitration treaty signed Feb. 25, 1912. Spanish text: B. rel. ext. (Chile), July, 1914, p. 27.

August, 1914.

2 ITALY-PARAGUAY. Ratifications exchanged of a general treaty of arbitration signed May 11, 1911. Italian text: R. di dir. int., ser. 2, 3:413.

3 GERMANY-FRANCE. The German ambassador to France and the French ambassador to Germany were handed their passports. The German ambassador stated that Germany considered that a state of war existed between Germany and France. Doc. dipl., La guerre Européenne I; Cd. 7717.

3 GERMANY. Rules governing maritime warfare published. German text: Reichs G., Nos. 50, 51, 1914. For lists of contraband, see editorial in this Journal, pp. 217–220.

4 BELGIUM GERMANY. Diplomatic relations severed. German Minister at Brussels handed his passports. Belgian Grey Book, Doc. No. 31; Supplement to this Journal, p. 68. It appears from Doc. No. 71 in this book (Supplement, p. 94) that German troops had entered Belgium August 3rd.

4 GREAT BRITAIN-GERMANY. Great Britain declared war on Germany. London Gazette, No. 28861; Cd. 7467.

5 ARGENTINE REPUBLIC. Proclamation of neutrality in European War. Spanish text: B. rel. ext. (Argentine Republic), 43:3.

6 NETHERLANDS. Proclamation of neutrality. Staats-Courant, Aug. 6, special ed.; Cd. 7627.

6 AUSTRIA-RUSSIA. Austria declared war against Russia. Orange Book, Doc. 79; Cd. 7626.

7 MONTENEGRO-AUSTRIA. Montenegro handed passports to the Austrian minister and stated that Montenegro considered that a state of war existed between Montenegro and Austria. Times, Aug. 10.

7 CHILE. Proclamation of neutrality in European war. Spanish text: B. rel. ext. (Chile), Aug., 1914, p. 5.

8 VENEZUELA. Proclamation of neutrality in European war. Spanish, French, English texts: B. rel. ext. (Venezuela), 5:106, 137, 166. 9 MONTENEGRO-GERMANY. Montenegro handed the German minister his passports. Times, Aug. 12.

9 SERVIA-GERMANY. Servia handed the German minister his passports. N. Y. Times, Aug. 10, 1914.

11 TURKEY. Announced that Turkey had bought the "Goeben" and "Breslau." Cd. 7628.