after the victory took notice of me, and exerted his utmost in rendering me happy, and free from all fear and care. I cannot really express the gratitude for the obligations I am under to His Honor.

"I am at present labouring under a dreadful physical debility, and prostration of strength. I have been advised to change the climate; which it is difficult for me to undertake, during this our hot season, when the sun appears to pour down liquid fire over the people of India.

"I have a great desire to learn about your health and welfare.

"With due respects and best regards,

"I remain, Sir,

(Signed)

"Yours ever obediently,

"MONOWUROODDOWLAH."

It is common in this country to describe the people of Oudh as ill affected to us, and the whole population as in revolt against our rule. This work was, it is believed, the first to offer a contradiction to this prevailing erroneous belief. A striking confirmation of the state of feeling, as pictured by myself, will be found at page 80, in an extract which is there given from an account recently received from a young officer now employed in the Oudh Commission, which was written in June last.

In the last chapter of the work, three recommendations, having for their object the improvement of our Civil Administration, have been introduced, viz.:

:

First, A large increase in the number of Civil Officers, to effect which a reorganization of the uncovenanted Civil Service is suggested.

* Mr. C. A. Elliott, C. S.

Secondly, A more careful selection of district officers, together with greater freedom of action to themselves: more vigorous government, in fact, and more justice; and less law. Thirdly, The restoration and careful maintenance of the system of village responsibility.

The last is a suggestion of great importance as regards North-Western India.

In the interest of the Province of Oudh particularly, and of the many of our countrymen who will for several years to come be located in that province, I have drawn attention to the great necessity of establishing a sanatarium in the mountains adjoining it; and the facilities which exist for so doing.

Some friends, for whose opinions I entertain much respect, have remonstrated with me for advocating a retrograde policy in respect to Education and missionary effort in the East. To such I would here reply, that having the progress of Education and Christian knowledge earnestly at heart, I maintain that the railway speed at which our public measures for the furtherance of the former were pushed, and the active interference of our public officers in promoting the latter, were injurious to the causes which they were intended to subserve.

I would at the same time remind them, that the opinions and argument referred to, had for their object the discovery of the true causes of the mutiny; and were not intended to indicate the line of policy which, under our altered position in India, ought to be followed.

That that position is greatly changed, no one can deny. For the force by aid of which we rule India is no longer Indian. Still, holding as I do that we

did innovate too rapidly before, when restrained by some fear of alienating that force; I think, now that such fear is withdrawn, that our rule in India has more to fear from future excessive innovation than from any improper retrogression.

European influence, British popular influence above all, is highly progressive. And India, the weaknesses and divisions of whose people form our strength, is to be more than ever brought under that influence. I repeat, that I see more danger to the stability of our Indian empire from the spirit of hasty innovation, than from any other.

I again protest that we were impelling Education on, too fast. It was being forced in a manner unnatural, unhealthy, and dangerous; and I earnestly hope that such will not continue to be the case. Let our Educational efforts, at least, be really persuasive; not compulsory.

At the same time I am free to confess that I see no just solution of the difference which now divides public opinion, respecting the introduction of the religious element into schools; but that which was laid down by paragraphs 52 et seq. of the Despatch of the Court of Directors to the Government of India, dated the 19th of July, 1854, No. 49.

Grants in aid to all schools which impart a good secular education, provided that they are under adequate local management; and provided also that their managers consent that the schools shall be subject to "Government inspection," were thereby sanctioned. And with all deference to the high authorities by which that course is now questioned, I incline to believe that it will, in the end, be found to be the best. The words "a good secular educa

tion," must, however, be understood largely in the sense in which they would be interpreted by a native gentleman of India.

GLYNGARTH, ANGLESEY,
Oct. 1st, 1858.

POSTSCRIPT.

It may be interesting to mention that letters received from Lucknow by the last mail mention the following particulars.

The tomb of Saadut Alee Khan, in the Kaiser Bagh (the larger of the two in the illustration which forms the frontispiece), has been turned into a Christian Church. The lesser, Imambara, in the Huzrut Gunje, is now the Scotch Kirk. Both these are excellent moves, The Chief Commissioner resides in the house which was Major Banks'. The Sekundur Bagh (the scene of fearful slaughter on the 16th of November last) is now a club coffee-house. All the small houses and the high walls of the Kaiser Bagh are being levelled: and the King's Dancing Hall, in the centre of the Zunana Garden, has been turned into a theatre royal of the 23rd Welsh Fusiliers. Changes, which certainly must have metamorphosed Lucknow, and which no one will regret.

I have been glad to read in the despatches recently received from Lord Canning, and published during the present month, abundant confirmation of what I have, as yet, been the only one to assert in this country, viz., that the mass of the population in

Oudh is well affected towards us. To this being really the feeling of the people of the province, the extracts from the reports received from the present able Chief Commissioner of Oudh, Mr. Robt. Montgomery, contained in his Lordship's despatches, bears clear testimony. "Magna est veritas et prævalebit."

Penning these lines as I do, on the eve of leaving the loved shores of England, on my return to India, I cannot refrain from urging upon public attention in England once more the remarks which this work contains on the working of our Revenue System in the scene of the late mutinies in North-Western India. I wish to bear my own testimony as an officer who has served in the Revenue administration for twenty-seven years, against our system of sale and transfer of estates for recovery of arrears of

revenue.

In England these processes excite no horror and excite no sympathy, while indignation would be widely roused at any tale of Indians being flogged, tied up, or subjected to any petty torture for the recovery of arrears. Far be it from me to advocate, or in the least degree to countenance or defend, the latter measures, equally unnecessary and objectionable as they are.

But what I wish Englishmen to understand, and to remember, is this, that Indian landholders feel so differently from Europeans that they would think the hardship of flogging or other petty torture a small matter indeed, and of little moment, compared with the loss of their estates permanently by sale, or temporarily by transfer! The hatred they have to the name of "Neelâm," or "Auction Sale," can only be understood by those who have heard the people give utterance to their feelings of detestation of it.