Fig. 55. CAMBOGE. Gamboge. Characteristic appearance of water mounts. a, bits of the gum. They appear to be made up of agglutinated bacteria; b, the emulsified particles resemble bacteria, showing Brownian motion, among which are found larger globules, some colorless and some containing adsorbed minute particles of the gamboge; c, globules from a heated mount. The general color tone is yellowish.

37. (Fig. 56.) CANELLA. Canella Bark.

Fl. ex. 60.

White wood, White cinnamon, E. Weisser Zimmt, Weisser Canel, G. Canelle blanche, Fr.

The bark of Canella alba Murray, Canellaceae.

Very pale brownish yellow.

Aromatic, recalling cinnamon.

Pungent, somewhat bitter.

Isodiametric sclerenchyma cells with unequally thickened walls; bark parenchyma with numerous aggregate crystals of calcium oxalate and large cells filled with a bright yellow resin; some rather small spherical simple starch granules.

Ash 6 per cent.

Not generally adulterated. Winter's bark may be substituted for it.

38. (Fig. 57.) CANNABIS INDICA. Cannabis. U. S.
Fl. ex. 20. Tinct. 40

The pistillate flowering tops of Cannabis sativa L., Urticaceae.
Dry, somewhat resinous feel. Sticky and resinous to teeth on
masticating.

Dull green to dull greenish brown.

Very heavy, narcotic.

Slightly pungent.

Epidermal tissue predominates. Vertical walls of lower epidermal cells wavy, of upper epidermis and of stems straight or nearly so; abundant, rigid, curved, tapering pointed, single-celled trichomes with basal cystoliths, varying from very short to comparatively long; resin particles are abundant; vascular tissue not very abundant and noncharacteristic; multi-cellular glandular trichomes (gland 8-16 celled), also some simple glandular trichomes. Numerous very small aggregate crystals. Seed tissue present in more or less abundance (sclerenchyma, endosperm tissue rich in oil and proteid granules). American and Indian hemps are structurally identical. Effervescence with dilute HCl.

Ash 10 to 20 per cent.

Impurities (including seeds) should not exceed 10 per cent. Seed often excessive (should not exceed 5 per cent.). Staminate tops may be added (pollen grains). Exhausted material (deficient in resin, more brown in color) may be used. Excess of stems may be suspected.