Loss of accounts.

Loss of enlist

ment records.

Loss of cloth

(4) He shall, if in a foreign country, lose no time, after making all efforts to save property, in returning with the officers and crew to the fleet or squadron to which they belong, or, if acting singly, to the United States. He shall take steps for the preservation of the Government property saved until it shall be disposed of in such manner as the Department may direct.

(5) He shall in the event of the loss of accounts of any person in the Navy, caused by wreck or otherwise, proceed in accordance with article 1597.

(6) He shall, when the enlistment records of any of the crew are lost, apply to the Navy Department for copies, forwarding a list containing their names and ratings.

(7) He shall cause each officer of division to report to him the loss ing and bedding. of clothing and bedding sustained by the crew on occasion of the loss or capture of the ship. These reports, carefully drawn up in a uniform manner and duly signed by each officer of division and by himself, shall be forwarded to the Secretary of the Navy.

Expeditions

424. On occasions of sending a boat or other expedition away sent from a ship. from the ship on important duty, when it is to proceed beyond signal distance, the captain shall give the officer in command written

When acting singly.

orders.

425. He shall, when not attached to a fleet or squadron and while senior officer, be governed by article 345.

Inspection 426. He shall, when not attached to a fleet or squadron, inspect when acting sin- the ship under his command in accordance with articles 268 and 269. gly. 427. He shall act in accordance with article 257 in regard to intelligence reports, and will require the officers of his command to cooperate with him in acquiring information for that purpose.

Intelligence re

ports.

To seek late

428. He shall, if practicable, when falling in with another ship official informa- of the Navy, compare signal books, general orders, and circulars, and take such other steps as may be necessary to obtain the latest information that may affect his command.

tion.

Signal and tactical books.

Customs examinations.

Search never to be permitted.

Man-of-war

boats.

429. He shall consider paragraphs 2 and 3, article 356, as applicable to himself, and act accordingly.

430. (1) He shall facilitate any examination which it may be the duty of a customs officer of the United States to make on board of the ship under his command.

(2) He shall not permit a foreign customs officer to make any examination whatsoever on board of the ship or boats under his command.

431. He shall not permit any ship of the Navy under his command to be searched by any person representing a foreign state, nor any of the officers or crew to be taken out of her, so long as he has the power to resist. If force is used, it must be repelled.

432. (1) In ports where war or insurrection exists or threatens, he shall always require the boats away from the ship to have some competent person in charge, and care shall be taken to make their national character evident at all times.

(2) The boats of a ship of war will be regarded in all matters concerning the rights, privileges, and comity of nations as parts of the ship herself.

433. He may require the medical officers of his command to ren

Medical aid to

der professional aid to persons not in the naval service, when such persons not in the aid can be rendered without detriment to the interests of the Gov. Navy. ernment, and is necessary and demanded by the laws of humanity or the principles of international courtesy.

434. (1) He shall not perform a marriage ceremony on board; Marriages on nor shall he permit one to be performed when the ship is outside of board. the territory of the United States, except in accordance with the local laws and laws of the State, Territory, or district in which the parties are domiciled and in presence of a minister or consul of the United States, who has consented to issue the certificates and make the returns required by the consular regulations.

(2) He shall report to the Secretary of the Navy all marriages occurring on board.

435. He shall examine the log daily and have corrected any inaccuracies or omissions he may observe. After it has been duly signed and submitted to the captain, no change or addition shall be made without his permission or direction, and any change or addition must be made by the officer in whose watch the event under consideration occurred. An officer of the watch shall not decline to make a change in or an addition to his log, when his attention is called to an inaccuracy or omission by the captain or navigator, unless he believes the proposed change or addition to be incorrect; in which event he shall, if required, explain in writing to the captain his reasons for this opinion. The captain may then make any remarks concerning this particular inaccuracy or omission that he may deem proper, entering them at the bottom of the page over his own signature. He shall approve the log on the last day of every month and upon the day of relinquishing command.

436. He shall, whenever he considers it necessary, inspect the medical journal.

The log.

The medical journal.

The steam log.

437. He shall examine the steam log daily, and call the attention of the senior engineer officer to any inaccuracies or omissions he may observe. The senior engineer officer will cause the steam log to be corrected as pointed out by the captain, unless he believes the proposed entries to be incorrect; in which event he shall, if required, explain in writing to the captain the reasons for this opinion. The captain may then enter upon the steam log, over his own signature, any remarks concerning the particular inaccuracy or omission under consideration that he may deem proper. After the steam log has been examined by the captain no change or addition shall be made without his permission. He shall approve the steam log on the last day of every month and upon the day of relinquishing command. 438. He shall examine the electrical journal and approve it on The electrical the last day of every month and upon the day of relinquishing journal. command.

439. He shall examine all expenditure books as occasion may require, and approve them on the last day of every month and upon the day of relinquishing command.

440. He shall examine and approve daily the binnacle or other list of officers and crew recommended to be excused from duty, and no names shall be added after it has been approved, without his permission.

441. He shall designate the number of rockets and the amount of powder to be kept in readiness for signal purposes.

Expenditure

books.

Binnacle list.

Rockets and powder for signal purposes.

Cables slipped or lost.

442. He shall, if a cable has been slipped or parted, use every means possible to recover it.

High explo- 443. When a ship under his command arrives at a navy yard for sives to be re- docking or for ordinary repairs, only high explosives need be removed.

moved.

tle.

In time of war.

Station in bat

When pacific

444. He is not required to perform the duties of a pay officer. (See sec. 1432, R. S.)

445. He shall, upon going out of commission, satisfy himself before leaving the ship that the engines and boilers and their attachments have been put into the condition required by article 1624, and that all returns have been made and every article turned over to the proper authority. He will then forward to the Secretary of the Navy the original records of all official correspondence for the cruise concerning the ship, her officers and crew.

SECTION 4.-DUTIES IN TIME OF WAR.

446. He shall consider the provisions of article 287 as applicable to himself in reference to this section.

447. His station in battle shall be such as will enable him to fight the ship to the best advantage.

448. If he entertains any doubts in regard to the pacific relations relations are of the United States with any foreign state. he shall be vigilant in watching the movements and acts of possible enemies, in order to prevent being surprised or taken at a disadvantage.

doubtful.

When an en- 449. (1) He shall, when in presence of an enemy, or upon apgagement is pos- proaching a strange ship or on being approached by one, have the crew at quarters and the ship ready for battle.

sible.

Communicat

(2) When in company with an enemy for a considerable length of time, as when both are at anchor in a neutral port, the officers and crew shall be kept on board and the ship at all times in a condition to be ready for action at a moment's notice; at night one watch shall be kept at their stations for battle.

450. He shall, if possible, before going into action, communicate ing important to his officers his plans for battle and such other information as will information. be of service to them should they succeed to the command of the

ship.

When in 451. He shall not, when in command of a ship in the presence squadron not to of a senior officer, engage an enemy without an order from such senior officer.

engage without orders.

Shall not retire from battle.

When an ene

my flag.

452. He shall not, without permission, retire from battle to assist a disabled ship, or to take possession of a captured one.

453. He shall, when an enemy's ship in battle strikes her flag, strikes his continue the action with other ships of the enemy; but shall take possession of the surrendered ship as soon as practicable.

Taking posses

vessel.

454. He shall, on taking possession of a prize, adopt such meassion of a captured ures as may be necessary to prevent her from being recaptured. He shall remove such of the officers and crew as may be necessary, and take great care to preserve the log, all journals, signal books and signals, orders, instructions, letters, ship's papers, and any other documents of importance, or bearing upon the validity of the capture.

Prisoners of

455. He shall take care that all prisoners of war are treated with humanity; that their personal property is preserved and protected; war. that they are allowed the use of such of their effects as may be necessary for their health; and that they are supplied with rations properly cooked. He will, however, have them properly guarded and deprived of all means of escape or revolt.

tle.

456. He shall, if the motive machinery is disabled and he is If unable to obliged to drop out of battle, make such repairs as he is able with continue the batout delay, and bring the ship as soon as possible again into action. 457. He shall, immediately after a battle, repair damages as far To prepare for as possible, and use every effort to prepare the ship for further further service in action. He shall transmit to his superior in command a ter battle. list of killed and wounded, and of ammunition, personnel, or material necessary for immediate service.

service

immediately af

Reports after

458. He shall, after a battle, make full report thereof as prescribed in article 295. These reports must be accurate and explicit, a battle. and contain all important details; the movements of ships should be illustrated; the force and direction of the wind and the state of the sea given; the bearing, distance, and outlines of the land, if any is in sight, stated; and the efficiency of the ship and all munitions of war carefully noted.

To prevent the

459. He shall, if compelled to surrender or about to be captured, attend personally to the destruction of his orders and other papers capture of imlikely to be of use to an enemy.

460. When acting singly he shall carry out the instructions prescribed in section 3, Chapter V, for a commander in chief, as far as they may be applicable.

SECTION 5.-INTERCOURSE WITH FOREIGNERS.

461. He shall carefully note and conform to the instructions laid down in section 4, Chapter V.

462. He shall afford all assistance in his power to vessels of a foreign state at peace with the United States.

463. He shall, if refused assistance by any foreign official, report the circumstances to the officer in chief command and to the Secretary of the Navy.

SECTION 6.-NAVIGATION.

464. He shall, immediately before leaving and as soon as practicable after entering port, require the navigator to ascertain the draft of the ship forward, amidships, and aft, and enter it in the log.

He

portant papers.

General duties.

Lookouts.

465. He shall always when under way and, if necessary, when at anchor, have a lookout stationed aloft during the day. At night he shall have as many lookouts stationed as are necessary. shall require them to be proficient in their duties as lookouts. 466. (1) He shall take special care that the lights required by law, to prevent collisions at sea and in port, are kept in order and anchor lights. burning during the night, unless it be necessary to extinguish them for war purposes or while exercising as though engaged in war.

(2) He shall require that there be kept at hand, convenient for use, means for relighting or replacing any such light as may be extinguished.

Running and

Precautions to 467. He shall observe every precaution required by law to preprevent colli- vent collisions and other accidents on the high seas and inland

sions.

Course steered.

Entries in the

waters.

468. Unless in company with a senior, he is responsible for the course steered, and he is always responsible for the safe conduct of the ship.

469. He shall enter in the night order book each evening, for the night order book. information of the officer of the deck, the course and any necessary special precautions concerning the speed and navigation of the ship. 470. He shall pilot the ship under his command under all ordinary circumstances, but may, in accordance with the provisions of article 1646, employ a pilot when necessary.

Piloting.

Preparations

471. When in the vicinity of the land or upon approaching an for anchoring. anchorage of any kind, he shall have the cables bent and the anchors ready for letting go.

When sound

ings shall taken.

Anchoring.

Compasses.

472. (1) When under way on soundings, he shall have casts of be the lead taken frequently if necessary to verify the position.

Hydrographic information.

Sailing directions.

Surveys.

(2) When going into or out of a port or approaching an anchorage, shoal, or rock, with or without a pilot on board, he shall keep the hand leads going, and, if necessary in order to obtain correct soundings, reduce the speed.

473. (1) He shall select a safe place to anchor. After anchoring, he shall have such bearings and angles taken and entered in the log as will enable the exact position of the ship to be located on the chart.

(2) He shall, if the ship is anchored at a place not surveyed, and if practicable, have the depth of water and character of the bottom examined for at least three cables' length around the ship. result shall be entered in the log.

The

474. (1) He shall keep himself informed of the error of the standard compass. He shall forward to the Navy Department a report of the result every time the local deviation is obtained.

(2) He shall carefully follow the instructions issued from time to time concerning the management of, and reports on, compasses.

475. He shall report to the Navy Department all important hydrographic or other information he may acquire concerning thenavigation of ships.

476. (1) He shall carefully preserve all information that he may receive or be able to procure concerning the safe navigation of the ship.

(2) He shall require the sailing directions, light and beacon lists, and notices to mariners of the ship to be compared with those of other ships of the Navy which he may meet, having later information on these subjects than his own, and any differences shall be noted.

(3) He shall, when there is any doubt about the safe navigation of routes he proposes to take, or ports he intends to visit, make every effort to obtain from any reliable source, foreign or otherwise, all possible information that will aid him.

477. He shall, when his duties and other circumstances permit, make a careful survey and construct a chart of any shoals, harbors or dangers to navigation that he may discover or find to be inaccu rately located. He shall forward them through the usual officia]