(3) The leads of all electric wires on shipboard shall be located by the equipment inspector, after consultation with the superintending constructor in order that the leads shall be adapted to the structural and internal fittings of the vessel, the position of the lights to be located by the equipment inspector. All backing strips, moldings, conduits, fixture blocks, or other such fittings attached to the hull of the vessel, shall be fitted and secured in place by the Bureau of Construction and Repair to the satisfaction of the Bureau of Equipment or its representatives. The Bureau of Equipment shall run all wires, secure all capping, junction boxes, and wiring accessories, and connect all wires supplying power to the controlling apparatus in connection with the motors of other bureaus.

(4) No electrically operated machinery shall be installed in any vessel without the authority of the Department.

Designs of new

14. (1) During the preparation of the designs of a new vessel each bureau shall prepare a detailed statement of all objects under vessels. its cognizance which it is proposed to install during the construction and fitting out, complete for sea, of the vessel. Fully itemized estimates of weights and positions of centers of gravity of all objects will be included in this detailed statement. A copy of the above will be furnished to Bureau of Construction and Repair before the final plans are submitted to the Secretary of the Navy for his approval. Within three months after the commissioning of a new vessel a detailed statement, itemized as the above, shall be furnished the Bureau of Construction and Repair, in which actual weights and revised estimates of positions of centers of gravity, where necessary, shall be given.

(2) Changes in ships from the original designs, in the positions, dimensions or weights of framing, hull plating, spaces, openings or hull fittings, of machinery, armor and armament, articles of outfit or equipment, or in weight of stores to be carried, shall not be made unless approved by the Department, nor shall work be commenced on a design till the space allotted for each purpose is shown on it. Provided, that propositions to make any of the aforesaid changes not involving a cost of more than $500, which may be agreed upon in writing by all the bureaus concerned need not be submitted to the Department.

(3) Chiefs of bureaus charged with designing, manufacturing, or furnishing machinery, armor or armament, articles of outfit or equipment, or stores for vessels, who may deem it advisable to make changes in positions, dimensions or weights of said machinery, armor or armament, articles of outfit or equipment, or stores, shall submit to the Department, through the Bureau of Construction and Repair, a statement in writing of the proposed changes and the estimated increased or decreased weight and cost thereof, and the reasons therefor.

(4) The Chief of Bureau of Construction and Repair shall carefully consider all such proposed changes and forward them to the Department with a written statement regarding their effect upon the hull plans, structural strength, stability and efficiency of the vessels, including in such statement an estimate of the increased or decreased cost, if any, to the Bureau of Construction and Repair, to result therefrom. He shall also state whether or not he finds any objections to such changes, so far as relates to matters under the cognizance of said Bureau, and if so, what they are.

(5) Whenever the Chief of the Bureau of Construction and Repair may deem it advisable to make changes in the construction, position,

or dimensions of the hull or fittings, or in space or arrangement of space, affecting the work of another bureau, he shall submit to the Department, through that bureau, a statement in writing of the proposed changes and the estimated increased or decreased cost thereof and the reasons therefor. The chief of the bureau concerned shall carefully consider such proposed changes and forward them to the Department with a written statement showing whether or not he finds any objections to such changes, so far as relates to matters under the cognizance of said bureau, and, if so, what they are. In case such proposed changes concern more than one bureau, the Chief of Bureau of Construction and Repair shall cause the proposition to be forwarded to the Department through each of the bureaus concerned; the chief of each of these shall make his statement upon it, as aforesaid, the last chief to whom it is referred forwarding it to the Department.

CHAPTER II.

RANK, COMMAND, AND DUTY.

SECTION 1.-OFFICERS IN GENERAL.

15. Officers of the United States Navy shall be known as officers of the line and officers of the staff.

Officers of the

Navy.

Officers of the

16. (1) On the active list the officers of the line are by law as follows, and they shall take rank and exercise military command line. in the order mentioned: Admiral, rear admiral, captain, commander, lieutenant commander, lieutenant, lieutenant (junior grade), ensign.

(2) Naval cadets are, by law, officers in a qualified sense. They are classed as being of the line.

(3) On the retired list the grades of the officers of the line are the same as on the active list, with the addition of the grade of commodore, which takes rank next after that of rear admiral.

17. The above shall take rank in each grade according to the dates of their commissions; in the absence of commissions they shall take rank according to the order in which their names appear upon the Official Navy Register as kept in the Navy Department. 18. (1) Officers of the line exercise military command.

Rank in grade.

Authority of

(2) Only officers on duty can exercise, or are subject to, command, line officers. except as provided for in article 224.

(3) On all occasions where two or more ships' expeditions or detachments of officers and men meet, the command of the whole devolves upon the senior line officer.

(4) At all times and places not specifically provided for in these regulations, where the exercise of military authority for the purpose of cooperation or otherwise is necessary, of which the responsible officer must be the judge, the senior line officer on the spot shall assume command and direct the movements and efforts of all persons in the Navy present, subject to the limitations of article 1066. (5) The senior line officer shall be held accountable for the exercise of his authority, and must not divert any officer from a duty confided to him by a common superior, or deprive him of his command or duty without good and sufficient reason.

19. The officers of the staff are as follows: Medical officers, pay Staff officers. officers, chaplains, professors of mathematics, naval constructors,

civil engineers.

20. The rank of officers of the staff is as follows:

Medical offi

(a) Medical directors have the rank of captain; medical inspectors Rank of staff have the rank of commander; surgeons have the rank of lieutenant officers. commander or lieutenant; passed assistant surgeons have the rank of lieutenant or lieutenant (junior grade); assistant surgeons have cers. the rank of lieutenant (junior grade) or ensign.

Pay officers.

Chaplains.

Professors mathematics.

(b) Pay directors have the rank of captain; pay inspectors have the rank of commander; paymasters have the rank of lieutenant commander or lieutenant; passed assistant paymasters have the rank of lieutenant or lieutenant (junior grade); assistant paymasters have the rank of lieutenant (junior grade) or ensign.

(c) The senior four chaplains have the rank of captain; the next seven chaplains have the rank of commander; the next seven chaplains have the rank of lieutenant commander or lieutenant; the remaining chaplains have the rank of lieutenant.

of (d) The senior three professors of mathematics have the rank of captain; the next four professors of mathematics have the rank of commander; the remaining five professors of mathematics have the rank of lieutenant commander or lieutenant.

Naval constructors.

Civil engineers.

Authority of staff officers.

Precedence of officers.

(e) The senior five naval constructors have the rank of captain; the next five naval constructors have the rank of commander; the remaining naval constructors have the rank of lieutenant commander or lieutenant. Assistant naval constructors have the rank of lieutenant or lieutenant (junior grade).

(f) The senior two civil engineers have the rank of captain; the next two civil engineers have the rank of commander; the next two civil engineers have the rank of lieutenant commander; the next four civil engineers have the rank of lieutenant; the remaining - civil engineers have the rank of lieutenant (junior grade).

21. (1) Officers of the staff shall, under the commanding officer, have all necessary authority within their particular departments for the due performance of their respective duties, and they shall be obeyed accordingly by their subordinates.

(2) They shall not, by virtue of rank and precedence, have any additional right to quarters, nor shall they have authority to exercise command, except in their own corps; nor shall they take precedence of their commanding officer; nor shall they take precedence of the aid or executive of the commanding officer while executing the orders of such commanding officer on board of the vessel or at the station to which he is attached; nor shall they be exempted from obeying the lawful commands of officers of the line who may be charged by proper authority with the details of military duty incident to the naval service.

22. (1) The precedence of officers of the staff in their several corps and in their several grades and with officers of the line with whom they hold rank in processions on shore, or courts-martial, summary courts, courts of inquiry, boards of survey, and all other boards, shall be regulated by the precedence list published in the Navy Register. All processions on shore where officers appear in an official capacity and where formation is necessary shall be regarded as military formations. In all cases where commissioned officers of different corps have the same date of precedence, they shall take rank as follows:

(a) Line officers.

(b) Medical officers.

(c) Pay officers.

(d) Chaplains.

(e) Professors of mathematics.

(f) Naval constructors.

(g) Civil engineers.

(2) Officers both of the line and staff, retired with a higher rank than they held when on the active list of the Navy, shall take precedence in accordance with such higher rank and with the seniority, in

each case, of the date of attaining to such higher rank; in case the seniority of two or more of them of the same rank is of the same date, then according to the order in which their names are borne upon the Official Navy Register as kept in the Navy Department. 23. (1) When the office of chief of bureau of the Navy Department is filled by an officer below the rank of rear admiral, said officer reaus of the Navy Departshall, while holding said office, have the rank of rear admiral. ment. (a) Such officer, in communications intended for him individually, should be addressed as rear admiral.

(2) The chiefs of the Bureaus of Medicine and Surgery, Supplies and Accounts, Steam Engineering, and Construction and Repair, shall have the respective titles of Surgeon General, Paymaster General, Engineer in Chief, and Chief Constructor, while holding these offices.

(3) Every chief of bureau shall cause the name of his office to be affixed to his official signature.

Chiefs of bu

(4) The Judge-Advocate General shall be an officer of the Navy Judge-Advocate or Marine Corps, and shall have, while holding said office, the rank General. of captain in the Navy or colonel in the Marine Corps, as the case may be.

Officers of the

24. (1) The relative rank between officers of the Navy, whether on the active or retired list. and officers of the Army and of the the Navy and the Marine Corps, shall be as follows, lineal rank only being considered: rine Corps.

(a) Admiral shall rank with General.

(b) Rear admiral with major general.

(c) Commodore with brigadier general. (d) Captain with colonel.

(e) Commander with lieutenant colonel. (f) Lieutenant commander with major. (g) Lieutenant with captain

(h) Lieutenant (junior grade) with first lieutenant.

(i) Ensign with second lieutenant.

(2) In fixing the relative rank of officers of the Army, officers of the Navy, and officers of the Marine Corps of the same grade and date of appointment and commission, the time which each may have actually served as a commissioned officer of the United States, whether continuously or at different periods, shall be taken into account.

Army and Ma

Officers of the

25. The officers of the Marine Corps shall be, in relation to rank, on the same footing as officers of similar grade in the Army. No Marine Corps. officer of the Marine Corps shall exercise command over any navy yard, station, or ship of the United States.

Officers of the

26. The officers of the Revenue-Cutter Service when serving, in accordance with law, as a part of the Navy, shall be entitled to rel- Revenue - Cutter ative rank, as follows:

(a) Captains with and next after lieutenants commanding in the Navy.

(b) First lieutenants with and next after lieutenants in the Navy. (c) Second lieutenants with and next after lieutenants (junior grade) in the Navy.

Service.

Warrant

(d) Third lieutenants with and next after ensigns in the Navy. 27. (1) Boatswains, gunners, carpenters, sailmakers, pharmacists, and warrant machinists are warrant officers. They take precedence cers. of each other on the active list of the Navy according to the date of their warrants, and in case the warrants of two or more of them

offi