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1045. The marine detachment is a distinct part of the comple- Drill and disment of the ship, and forms a division in the detail of the whole tribution for bat. force for battle. It shall be thoroughly drilled and instructed at the guns of the main and secondary batteries, and may be stationed as a division, under its own officers, at either or both of such batteries, as the captain may direct. If impracticable to so assign the marines as a division, they shall be detailed as gun's crews, the marine officer or officers to command as many of such crews as practicable, and after the assignments above outlined, surplus men, if any, shall be distributed as the captain deems most effective for battle.

Authority

1046. The senior marine officer serving with a detachment afloat has none of the independent authority that is vested in the officers. commanding officer of marines at a shore station, and can assign no punishment or restriction.

of

Presence of

1047. (1) When more than one marine officer is attached to a ship, one such officer shall at all times be present on board for duty, officers for duty. unless excused on particular occasions by the captain.

(2) In all cases a marine officer, when there is one attached to a ship, shall be present to superintend the prescribed instructions and exercises of the detachment, unless excused on particular occasions by the captain.

Health and

tachment.

1048. The commanding officer of marines shall be attentive to the cleanliness, health, and comfort of his men, and to their instruc- efficiency of detion, soldier-like appearance, and efficiency. He shall submit quarterly to the adjutant and inspector of the Corps, through the captain, detailed reports of instruction, drills, and target practice, on prescribed blank forms.

etc.

Charge of

1049. He shall have charge of and be accountable for the arms, accouterments, and clothing belonging to his detachment. He arms, clothing, shall be careful to have these articles kept in good order, and shall report to the captain any injury that may result from neglect or misconduct, in order that the responsibility therefor may be fixed and damages be recovered. He shall inspect the clothing at least once in each month, and in case of any loss or abuse he shall make report to the captain. He shall see that the arms, accouterments, and all Government property, including any uniform clothing for which the marine officer is responsible, in the possession of marines deceased or absent without leave, and any uniform clothing for which the marine officer is responsible, are collected and preserved, to be disposed of as provided for by law and regulation.

Repairs to

1050. If repairs to the arms or accouterments become necessary he shall apply to the executive officer for such assistance as may be arms. needed, or request authority to turn them in for repairs at headquarters.

1051. (1) He shall make to the captain a daily morning report Daily reports. of the state of the detachment on the prescribed forms.

Daily inspec

(2) He shall examine daily, before quarters, the living spaces occupied by the marines, their clothes lockers, gun racks, and the tions. marine storeroom, and assure himself that they are clean, in good order, and ready for inspection.

1052. At morning and evening quarters the marines shall be formed at such place as shall be designated by the captain, under their own officers, the senior of whom shall report the absentees.

Where formed.

Times of drills.

Guard mounting.

Sentinels.

Orderly duty.

1053. The marines shall be instructed and exercised at prescribed drills, including pulling in boats, by their officers at such times and places as the captain may appoint.

1054. (1) When practicable, regular details shall be made for guard each day, and the ceremony of guard mounting shall be carried out as nearly as possible as at barracks on shore.

(2) On board ships having more than twenty privates, the guard of the day shall consist of one noncommissioned officer and ten privates. On board ships having less than twenty privates, the guard of the day shall consist of one noncommissioned officer and eight privates.

(3) A captain's guard shall be the full detachment of the ship. A lieutenant's guard_shall consist of one lieutenant, two noncommissioned officers, and sixteen privates A sergeant's guard shall consist of a sergeant and sixteen privates.

1055. (1) All general orders for sentinels shall be approved by the captain, and shall pass through the senior officer of marines. The officer of the deck shall, when necessary, give special orders for sentinels, and when such orders are of an important character, he shall inform the executive officer and marine officer. In all cases the orders shall be communicated to the sentinels by the sergeant or corporal of the guard.

(2) The marine officer shall visit sentinels frequently, and satisfy himself that they understand their orders and duties.

1056. Marines may be detailed for duty as orderlies for the commander in chief and for the captain.

1057. (1) Noncommissioned officers shall not be detailed as mess

Assignment of men to other du- cooks. ties.

Reduction of

(2) Marines shall not be assigned to duty as master-at-arms, yeoman, or hospital steward, except in case of emergency, to be determined by the captain. When necessary to make such assignment, it shall continue only until a suitable person can be selected for the required duty.

(3) They shall not be assigned to duty as messengers for the officer of the deck.

(4) In detailing marines for any work or labor not included in their usual guard, post, and deck duties, regard shall be had to the amount of guard and post duty being required of them.

1058. Noncommissioned officers shall not be reduced in rating, noncommis- except in pursuance of the sentence of a court-martial.

sioned officers.

Vacancies oc

The

1059. (1) When a vacancy in the allowance of noncommissioned curring abroad. Officers occurs in a ship out of the United States, the commanding officer of marines shall recommend, and the captain shall designate, some one of the detachment for promotion to the vacancy. captain shall appoint a board, to consist of the senior marine officer, and two line officers, to examine the person so designated, under the regulations prescribed in article 1015, as to his qualifications for promotion. If reported qualified, the promotion shall, if the captain approves, be made by him, the appointment to continue until the termination of the cruise, unless vacated by order of the appointing authority, as in the case of acting petty officers of the Navy. If there be no marine officer, an additional line officer shall be placed on the board.

Vacancies oc

(2) When such a vacancy occurs in a ship in the United States it curring in the shall be reported to the Commandant of the Corps, who may fill it United States. by transfer. If advised that this will not be done, the examination

shall be held as provided in paragraph 1 of this article, and the recommendation of the board, if favorable, after approval by the officer ordering the board, shall be forwarded to the Commandant of the Corps; who, if he approves, shall issue a warrant.

1060. Reports against marines shall be entered in the daily re- Offenses. port book. Any misbehavior of the marines on guard, or on duty as sentinels, is to be reported to the officer of the deck, who shall report it to the executive officer. The senior marine officer, when on board, shall be present at the mast when offenses committed by marines are to be investigated.

Conduct and

1061. The senior marine officer shall keep the executive officer informed of the proficiency in rating, sobriety, and obedience of the liberty lists. marines, and shall make recommendations to him regarding their liberty.

1062. The commanding officer of marines shall keep a muster Muster rolls roll, and clothing and other accounts, and shall forward them, as and clothing acwell as other required returns, through the proper channels.

1063. A marine officer may be detailed by the captain as superintendent of small-arm-target practice.

counts.

Superintendent of small-arm practice.

reports.

Battalion drill

1064. Marine officers may be required to make intelligence Intelligence reports upon such subjects as the captain of the ship may direct. 1065. The officers and men of the Marine Corps serving in a fleet or squadron shall be organized as a battalion, and shall be landed, on shore. at such times and places as the commander in chief may direct, for exercise in prescribed drills and duties, under the command of the senior marine officer in the fleet or squadron.

ment.

1066. When serving on shore with a mixed detachment, com- Service with a posed of seamen and marines, the marines shall always be placed on mixed detachthe right in battalion or other infantry formation, and the senior officer of the line of the Navy, or of the Marine Corps, according to rank, shall command the detachment.

1067. The marines of receiving ships and of vessels which are Drill with matemporarily at a navy yard, shall, under the direction of a comman- rines of barracks. dant of a station, be landed for the purpose of drill and exercise in the school of the battalion, in conjunction with the marines of the station, under the commanding officer of the barracks.

Official corre

1068. All official correspondence between officers and enlisted men and the Commandant or staff of the Corps, relating to the detail, spondence. efficiency, or requirements of the command, shall be addressed to the captain of the ship. Communications from enlisted men shall be forwarded through the senior marine officer and executive officer to the captain of the ship.

1069. When a ship is to be put out of commission, the marine detachment may be required to remain on board until the ship is commission. turned over to the officers of the navy yard or station.

Going out of

CHAPTER XXIII.

NAVAL ADMINISTRATION AND DISCIPLINE.

SECTION 1.-THE EXERCISE OF AUTHORITY.

1070. All persons in the Navy are required to obey readily and strictly, and to execute promptly, the lawful orders of their superiors.

Duty of subordinates.

Exercise of au

1071. Superiors of every grade are forbidden to injure those under their command by tyrannical or capricious conduct, or by thority. abusive language. Authority over subordinates is to be exercised with firmness, but with justice and kindness.

1072. Punishment shall be in strict conformity with the laws for the government of the Navy.

1073. (1) In order to avoid unnecessary recourse to courts of inquiry and general courts-martial, it is directed that where an officer or other person shall be reported for grave misconduct to his immediate commanding officer, the latter shall institute a careful inquiry into the circumstances on which the complaint is founded. To this end he shall call upon the complainant for a written statement of the case, together with a list of his witnesses, mentioning where they may be found, and a memorandum of any documentary evidence bearing upon the case which it may be in his power to produce.

Punishments.

Inquiry into complaints of

misconduct.

(2) He shall also call upon the accused for such counter state- Accused to ment or explanation as he may wish to make, and for a list of the make explanapersons he desires to have questioned in his behalf.

tion.

1074. Officers making reports or complaints shall confine them- Reports, comselves exclusively to facts; and statements submitted in reply to or plaints, etc. in explanation thereof must be couched in temperate language and relate specifically to the matters referred to therein. Officers to whom such reports or complaints are submitted for statement must not reply by making counter charges. Officers desiring to prefer charges against others should make them independently. Opinions must not be expressed nor the motives of others impugned.

1075. If, after the investigation of a report against an officer or Captain to take other person in the Navy, the captain shall not deem the offense one action upon rerequiring the action either of a court of inquiry or court-martial, ports not necessary to refer to he shall himself take such action as he may think necessary, within higher authorthe limits of punishment allowed him by law. ity.

1076. If, upon such investigation, the commanding officer shall Cases requirbe satisfied that the charge is such as to call for judicial action, he ing trial. shall transmit to the Secretary of the Navy, or to the commander in chief of the fleet or squadron, as the case may require, a particular statement of the misconduct with which the accused is charged, embracing such detail of the circumstances and of the time and

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