occupy one room jointly. The rooms shall be occupied as designated by the Department. 1113. No officer embarked as a passenger shall be entitled to a stateroom to the exclusion of an officer belonging to the complement of the ship. Passengers. other purposes. 1114. No storeroom or office shall be used for a sleeping apart- Storerooms not ment except by authority, nor shall any such room be used for any to be used for other purpose than the public service for which it is allotted, unless in cases of emergency, such emergency and consequent changes being immediately reported to the Department. SECTION 6.-OFFICERS' MESSES. Messing of offi 1115. Officers shall mess in the apartments set apart for them, except as hereinafter provided. Separate messes shall not be formed cers. in the same apartment, nor shall meals be taken in rooms or at other places than at the regular mess table, except in case of sick ness. 1116. Cabin officers in ships with two cabins may, if they prefer it, form one iness. A commander in chief may have any of his personal staff in his mess; but in such case they must be permanently accommodated with quarters in his cabin. (See art. 1109.) 1117. Officers embarked as passengers shall mess in the apartment to which they would belong if attached to the ship. Cabin messes. Officers as passengers. Senior line offi 1118. (1) In all officers' messes the senior line officers present in line of succession to the command (art. 43) shall preside and have cer to preside. the power to preserve order. (See art. 1082.) (2) When no line officer in succession to the command is present, the senior of the other line officers present, or, when there are none, the senior officer present, whether of the staff or the marine corps, shall preside. (3) The officers of the mess shall be assigned permanent seats at the mess tables alternately, in the order of rank, to the right and left of the presiding officer. The seat opposite the presiding officer shall be occupied by the mess treasurer. 1119. (1) Each officers' mess shall elect a mess treasurer, who shall have charge of all matters relating to the service and expenditures of the mess. He shall keep an account of all receipts and expenditures, from which an abstract of the financial condition of the mess may at any time be ascertained. At the close of each month he shall render to the mess a statement of the accounts of the mess, with his receipts and expenditures, together with any bills remaining unpaid. These accounts shall be audited by a committee of not more than three officers elected by the mess. He shall incur no indebtedness which can not be discharged by the funds appropriated for the mess, and he shall see that all bills are paid before leaving port. If, however, from the unexpected sailing of the ship, or from circumstances beyond his control, he is forced to leave any bills unpaid, he shall report the number and amount to the captain, who will take all measures to have them paid as soon as possible. All officers of a mess are eligible to election as mess treasurer, and if elected shall so serve, but no officer shall be required to serve as mess treasurer more than two months consecutively. Mess treasurer. (2) He shall detail mess attendants for duty within the mess, subject, in permanent details, to confirmation by the executive officer. (Art. 524.) 1120. (1) Every officer attached to a seagoing ship shall pay monthly, in advance, the full amount of the mess bill to the mess treasurer; and no officer shall be excused from such payment unless ordered on detached duty or sent to a hospital. (2) An officer ordered temporarily to duty away from the vessel to which he is attached, is "ordered on detached duty" within the meaning of this article, and is entitled to a rebate on his mess bill for the period of his absence. 1121. Wardroom and steerage officers may form wine messes, but no officer shall be required to become a member thereof. Suitable locker room for wine-mess stores will be provided when fitting a ship for sea. 1122. Distilled spirits shall be admitted on board vessels of war only upon the order and under the control of the medical officers of such vessels, and to be used only for medical purposes. CHAPTER XXIV. MEDICAL INSTRUCTIONS. SECTION 1.-PHYSICAL EXAMINATION OF RECRUITS. Records of ex 1123. Whenever any person is examined physically for enlistment in the Navy or Marine Corps, whether subsequently enlisted aminations. or rejected, his name and the particulars constituting his descriptive list shall at once be entered on the list of persons examined (Form X), by the medical officer or the senior member of the board making the examination, who shall then sign his initials on a line with the entry. This record shall be kept at every rendezvous, station, or ship where physical examinations are made and shall be retained there as the original official record of such examination. 1124. No person other than a medical officer shall be permitted Only medical to conduct any part of a physical examination, to make any meas- officers to urement, or to make an original entry on any medical record of enlistment. con duct examinations. Examinations 1125. Every such examination must be completed according to the official forms, and shall in no case be suspended on the recogni- must be completed in every case. tion of a disqualifying defect. nations. 1126. Medical officers shall exercise great care in the perform Care to be exance of this duty. Whenever hospital tickets or reports of medical ercised in examisurvey represent a disability to have existed prior to enlistment, the fact shall be reported to the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery; and the medical officer who passed such recruit shall be held accountable for the improper enlistment. 1127. An applicant for enlistment having been found to be clean Examination of and sober, the medical officer shall proceed to make a thorough the body. inspection of his body. While permitted to use his own discretion as to the routine of procedure, he shall make inquiry on all points indicated below: General sur (a) The applicant, entirely nude, is to stand before the examiner, in a bright light, and present successively front, rear, and sides. face. (Retarded development, deformity or asymmetry of body or limbs, knock-knees, bowlegs, or splayfeet, especially in minors; spinal curvatures; feebleness of constitution; strumous or other cachexia; emaciation; obesity; cutaneous or other external disease; glandular swellings or other tumors; nodes; varicosities; cicatrices; indicacations of medical treatment; leech bites, blister stains, seton or scarification scars; and evidences of smallpox or successful vaccination.) (b) Applicant to present dorsal and palmar surfaces of both hands; Extremities and to flex and extend every finger; to grasp with thumb and forefinger, articulations. and with whole hand, to flex and extend, pronate and supinate wrists and forearms; to perform all the motions of shoulder joints, Thorax. Abdomen, itals. especially circumduction; to extend arms at right angles to body, and then bend elbow and touch the shoulders with the fingers; to elevate extended arms above the head, palm to palm, then dorsum to dorsum; to evert and invert the feet; to stand on tiptoe, coming down upon the heels quickly, and then lifting toes from floor; to flex each thigh alternately upon the abdomen, and, while standing on one leg, to hop; to perform all the motions of the hip joint; and to walk backward and forward slowly and at double-quick. (c) Note effect of these violent exercises on the heart and lungs; observe movements of chest during prolonged inspiration and expiration; examine by percussion and auscultation front and rear. (Incipient pulmonary phthisis, valvular disease.) (d) With hands on the head and chin up, applicant to cough viogroins, and gen- lently (relaxation of umbilical and inguinal regions; hernia; concealed venereal disease, especially beneath prepuce and within urethra; varicocele; orchitis and other abnormal condition of testes). ineum. Spine and per- (e) Applicant to bend body forward, with knees stiffened, feet wide apart, hands touching the floor, and nates exposed to strong light (hemorrhoids; prolapsus; fistula). While the applicant is stooping make firm pressure on each spinous process of the vertebræ (noting spinal tenderness). Head, face, and neck. Intelligence. Age. Entries upon (ƒ) Motions of head, neck, and lower jaw. (aa) Cranium (malformations, depressions, cicatrices, tinea, etc.). (bb) Ears (polypi, otorrhæa, perforation, dullness of hearing). (cc) Eyes (absence of ciliæ, tarsel redness, obstructed puncta, corneal opacities, adhesions of iris, defective vision, color-blindness, abnormal conditions of conjunctivæ, etc.). (dd) Nose (polypi; ozona; chronic nasal catarrh). (ee) Mouth, teeth, tongue, fauces (hypertrophied tonsils; syphilitic affections; impediments of speech). 1128. The intelligence of the applicant will be evident from the character of his replies to inquiries respecting former residence and occupation, family history, etc. 1129. The age of the applicant must be constantly kept in view by medical examiners in determining the standard of physical fitness. 1130. The following instructions shall be strictly followed in "List of persons preparing the list of persons examined (Form X): examined." Names. Date of birth. Place of birth. Complexion, hair, and eyes. (a) The whole name (Christian, middle, and surname) to be legibly written out, without abbreviation, and correctly spelled, preference being given to the original spelling of foreigners' names; the surname to precede, and to be distinguished by being underlined. (b) Year, month, and day of birth to be ascertained whenever possible. (c) Specify city, town, or other locality of birth, whatever the nationality. (d) Color is not to be described as simply “light” or “dark,” but the character and degree shall be as accurately stated as possible; as complexion, pallid; sallow; fair (only when decidedly clear); ruddy; florid; dark (tawny, sunburnt, or tanned); very dark (swarthy, dusky); mulatto, negro. Hair, flaxen; sandy (yellowish red); auburn (reddish brown); brown (light, dark, or very dark); black; also whether thin, bald, curly, straight, wool. Eyes, blue; gray; blue-gray; yellow-gray; hazel (light brown); brown; dark brown; bicolored (as when the pupillary border is of a different color from rest of iris); also state when the two eyes are of different colors. (e) Note any prominent physical trait not inconsistent with bodily Other personal vigor, or not in such degree as to constitute cause for rejection— characteristics. leanness or the reverse; hirsuteness; slight asymmetry of body or limbs, knock-knees, bowlegs, or splayfeet; peculiarities of teeth and genitalia; slight varicocele or circocele, etc. In this connection examiners are to remember that imperfections that might pass in men should reject boys. Note causes of rejection. (f) Note any fact suggesting predisposition or tendency to, or Family history. exemption from, morbid action (longevity, disease, insanity, or sickness of parents or near relatives). (g) Age to be expressed in years and months; and the month to be always the month concluded, and not the month current. (h) Body nude. Accuracy of scales to be ascertained before using. (i) Height to be expressed in inches; the body to be erect, the chin neither elevated nor depressed, the feet and knees touching, legs stiff, and arms hanging perpendicularly. (j) The height and measurement of boys must be as follows: Age. Height not less Weight not less Chest measure- Age. Weight. Height. (k) Circumference of thorax to express the mean of the greatest Thorax. circumference after forced inspiration and of the least after forced expiration, measured by a tapeline horizontally at the precise level of the nipples; the difference between the greatest and least circumferences being entered as expansion. (1) Vision is to be expressed as a fraction, of which the numerator I will be the distance at which Snellen's 20-foot test can be determined, and the denominator 20. Vision. Color percep (m) Color perception to be always carefully determined. The usual examination is by Holmgren's method, which may be briefly tion. described as follows: The worsteds are placed in a pile in the center of a piece of white muslin, which is spread out on a flat surface in a good daylight. The green test skein is placed aside upon the white cloth, and the person to be examined is directed to select the various shades of the same color from the pile, and place them by the sides of the sample. The color-blind will make mistakes in the selection of the shades; or a hesitating manner with a disposition to take the wrong shades may show a feeble chromatic sense. The purple test skein is then used. If the test with the green skein has shown the person examined to be color-blind, and on the second or purple test he selects only the purple skeins, he is incompletely color-blind; but if he places with the purple, shades of blue or violet, or both, he is completely red-blind. If, however, he selects to be placed with the purple shades of green or gray, he is completely green-blind. The red test skein need not necessarily be used, but it may be employed to confirm the diagnosis already made; for the red-blind will select, to match the red skein, shades of green or |