THE

FEDERALIST.

A COMMENTARY

ON THE

CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES.

A Collection of Essays,

BY

ALEXANDER HAMILTON,

JAY AND MADISON.

ALSO

The Continentalist and Other Papers,

BY

HAMILTON.

EDITED BY

JOHN C. HAMILTON,

AUTHOR OF THE HISTORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE UNITED STATES.

in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the Southern District

CONTENTS.

PAGE

HISTORICAL NOTICE.......

Resolution for a General Convention of the States, passed by the
Legislature of New York, Sunday, July 21, 1782..
Hamilton to Governor Clinton, Philadelphia, May 14, 1783..........................
Resolution for a General Convention, 1783..........................

Annapolis Convention, Address of, September 14, 1786.........
Speech on the Impost Grant...........

Resolution for an Act by Congress Recommending the Holding a
Convention, February 17, 1787.........

........

Resolution for the Appointment by New York of Delegates to the
General Convention, February 26, 1787..

Articles of Confederation.........

Hamilton's First Plan of Government.....

The Federal Constitution, as agreed upon by the Convention, Sep-
tember 17, 1787.......

NUMBER

I. Introduction .....

II. Concerning Dangers from Foreign Force and Influence...... 54
III. The same Subject continued..........

IV. The same Subject continued

60

65

71

V. The same Subject continued.........

76

VI. Concerning Dangers from War between the States.......
VII. The Subject continued, and Particular Causes Enumerated 83
VIII. The Effects of Internal War in Producing Standing Armies,
and other Institutions unfriendly to Liberty.................
IX. The Utility of the Union as a Safeguard against Domestic

Faction and Insurrection........

X. The same Subject continued........

90

97

.... 104

XI. The Utility of the Union in respect to Commerce and a

Navy........

113

NUMBER

XII. The Utility of the Union in respect to Revenue

PAGE

121

XIII. The same Subject continued, with a View to Economy.. 128
XIV. An Objection drawn from the Extent of Country

XV. Concerning the Defects of the Present Confederation,
in Relation to the Principle of Legislation for the
States in their Collective Capacities..........

....................

XVI. The same Subject continued, in Relation to the same
Principles

XVII. The Subject continued, and Illustrated by Examples, to
show the Tendency of Federal Governments, rather
to Anarchy among the Members, than Tyranny in
the Head........

131

138

147

.... 153

XVIII. The Subject continued, with farther Examples............ 158
XIX. The Subject continued, with farther Examples.....

XX. The same Subject continued, with farther Examples..... 172
XXI. Further Defects of the Present Constitution................ 178
XXII. The same Subject continued and concluded................. 184
XXIII. The Necessity of a Government at least equally Ener-
getic with the one proposed.....

.... 195

XXIV. The Subject continued, with an Answer to an Objection
concerning Standing Armies......

201

XXV. The Subject continued, with the same View................. 207
XXVI. The Subject continued, with the same View................ 213
XXVII. The Subject continued, with the same View................ 225

XXVIII. The same Subject continued........

235

239

240

.... 243

248

........ 258

259
..... 263

273

XXIX. Concerning the Militia..........
XXX. Concerning Taxation.........
XXXI. The same Subject continued........
XXXII. The same Subject continued........
XXXIII. The same Subject continued......
XXXIV. The same Subject continued.........
XXXV. The same Subject continued.....................
XXXVI. The same Subject continued.............................
XXXVII. Concerning the Difficulties which the Convention must
have experienced in the Formation of a Proper Plan.. 282