3. What are the bones forming the opercular region in a cod? Give their relations to each other, and to the parts of the head. 4. In what respects do fishes resemble Amphibians, and in what respects do they differ?

5. Give an account of the arrangement of the teeth in reptiles. How are they developed ?

6. Describe the changes in the egg of the fowl after escaping from the ovary and up to its appearance externally.

7. What are the characters of the Monotremes?

8. Describe the appearance of the foot in the sheep, and contrast it with that in the camel; and, secondly, indicate the bones in each.

PRACTICAL ZOOLOGY.

(Illustrate by figures.)

1. Dissect the brain and cranial nerves of preparation A (Haddock), indicating in the accompanying sketch the various parts. 2. Dissect out the heart and the reproductive organs of B (Shore-crab).

3. Dissect out the ganglia and nerves of C (Mussel).

ZOOLOGY. (FIRST PAPER.)

MARCH 1896.

(Illustrate by figures. Only five questions to be answered.)

1. Give an outline of the structure of any Medusa, and its lifehistory.

2. Čontrast the digestive system of Asterias with that of an Ophiuroid.

3. Give an account of the nervous system of the mussel. Contrast it with that in the snail.

4. Describe the respiration in Amphioxus, and contrast it with that in a fish.

5. What forms are devoid of an amnion and an allantois? Indicate briefly the development of these organs.

6. What mammals inhabit Australia? Give the modifications of the foot present in them.

7. Contrast the foot of the sheep with that of the horse.

ZOOLOGY.-(SECOND PAPER.)

(Illustrate by figures. Only five questions to be answered.)

1. Describe the polyps of the red coral of commerce, and contrast them with those of a hydroid zoophyte such as Obelia or Gonothyræa.

2. Give an account of the nervous and digestive systems of Lumbricus.

3. Describe the circulation and respiration in a shore-crab or lobster.

4. Contrast an insect with a spider externally and in regard to its reproduction and development.

5. Describe the arrangement of the teeth and the nature of the alimentary canal in a cod, and contrast them with those in a shark.

6. Describe the reproductive system, male and female, in a frog.

7. Describe the hind limb in birds, and mention any variations known to you.

PRACTICAL ZOOLOGY.

(Illustrate by figures.)

1. Dissect specimen A (Haddock), so as to exhibit the brain and cerebral nerves.

2. What is preparation B (Flustra)?

3. What are preparations C (Sagitta), D (Obelia), and E (Sessileeyed Crustacean)?

4. Dissect F (Mussel), so as to show the digestive system.

BOTANY.--(FIRST PAPER.)

SEPTEMBER 1895.

(Answer any five questions. Illustrate your answers with
careful sketches.)

1. Compare the structure and mode of germination of the seeds of Bean, Lily, and Oat.

2. A potato may sprout and grow for some time in the dark: describe what takes place during such growth-(1) if darkness be maintained; (2) if light be admitted.

3. Describe in detail an ordinary plant-cell, and its usual method of division.

4. Give a short account of the structure and life-history of Funaria or Polytrichum.

5. What are the outstanding features distinguishing a phanerogamic from a fungoid parasite?

6. Contrast broadly the vascular system of Helianthus, Zea, and Pteris.

7. Describe the plant supplied (Trifolium), commencing with the root.

BOTANY. (SECOND PAPER.)

(Answer any five questions. Illustrate your answers with
careful sketches.)

1. Mention some secretions which pass to the surface of plants, and describe their nature and function.

2. Make a diagrammatic sketch of the transverse section of an ordinary leaf, and indicate the various tissues and organs figured. 3. Illustrate and discuss the doctrine known as Alternation of Generations," by reference to two plant life-cycles.

66

4. Distinguish between respiration and transpiration in plants, and describe experiments employed to demonstrate these functions.

5. What is floral dimorphism? What is its purpose? Illustrate by an example from the British flora.

6. Describe the methods of reproduction (by gonidia and spores) in Eurotium.

7. What stems admit of their age being approximately told by concentric rings? Describe carefully the production of the rings.

PRACTICAL BOTANY.

1. Make microscopic preparations of specimens A (Vine stem) and B (Pinus leaf). Draw and describe.

2. Identify and describe the microscopic objects D (Bean root), E (Pea seed), F (Tilia stem).

3. Describe the glandular structures present in specimens H (Scilla flower), I (Drosera leaf).

4. Assign the plants K (Marchantia), L (Selaginella), M (Equisetum) to their respective classes, and give brief explanatory

notes.

BOTANY.-(FIRST PAPER.)

MARCH 1896.

(Five questions only to be answered. Answers to be illustrated as fully as possible by diagrams and drawings.)

1. What is a sporocarp? Describe concisely the life-history of any fungus in which it appears.

2. Vaucheria and the protonema of a Moss may be found growing together. Describe carefully their distinctive characteristics.

3. Describe the method of fertilisation of the ovum in any two distinct forms of Algæ.

4. Describe the roots of the following plants: Dahlia, Ivy, and an epiphytal Orchid. State wherein they differ from typical forms.

5. By what means may self-fertilisation be prevented in flowering plants? Describe cases involving (a) structural, (b) physiological peculiarities.

6. Describe the plant supplied. Place it in its Natural Order, using the description as a means of so doing. (Scilla.)

BOTANY.-(SECOND PAPER.)

(Five questions only to be answered. Answers to be illustrated as fully as possible by diagrams and drawings.)

1. Tell what you know of the sporangium of a Fern, Moss, and Fungus respectively. Describe the development of the Fern sporangium.

2. Describe in detail a median longitudinal section of the caryopsis of Maize. What changes ensue in germination? 3. What parts of a plant may go to form (a) spurious, (b) multiple fruits?

4. By what process is starch formed, transmitted, and re-formed in the tissues of the plant?

5. Where are lenticels found? How are they formed, and what is their function?

6. Describe the changes taking place in the nucleus during indirect division.

PRACTICAL BOTANY.

1. Identify and describe the micro-preparations A (T.S. Canna stem), B (scalariform tracheids), C (Drosera leaf).

2. Describe briefly specimens D (Ranunculus Ficaria, whole plant), E (Iris fruit), F (Pinna of Aspidium with sori).

3. Prepare a transverse and a longitudinal section of specimen G (Equisetum rhizome). Identify and describe the sections.

4. Refer the plants H (Tulip), I (Tussilago), K (Lamium) to their Natural Orders, and draw their floral diagrams. Briefly describe the gynæcium of H.

EXAMINATION QUESTIONS FOR HONOURS DEGREE OF M.A. AND FOR SECOND B.Sc. EXAMINATION.

LATIN. (FIRST PAPER.)

OCTOBER 1895.

I.-FOR LATIN PROSE.

Louis of France had his infancy attended by crafty and worldly men, who made extent of territory the most glorious instances of power, and mistook the spreading of fame for the acquisition of honour. The young monarch's heart was by such conversation easily deluded into a fondness for vainglory, and upon these unjust principles to form or fall in with suitable projects of invasion, rapine, murder, and all the guilts that attend war when it is unjust. At the same time this tyranny was laid, sciences and arts were encouraged in the most generous manner, as if men of higher faculties were to be bribed to permit the massacre of the rest of the world. Every superstructure which the Court of France built upon their first designs, which were in themselves vicious, was suitable to its false foundation. The ostentation of riches, the vanity of equipage, shame of poverty, and ignorance of modesty, were the common arts of life; the generous love of one woman was changed into gallantry for all the sex, and friendships among men turned into commerces of interest or mere professions.

-STEELE.