Part III contains a list of storm-warning display, lifesaving, and time-signal stations of the United States, a list of Lloyd's signal stations throughout the world, and American, English, and French semaphore, distance, and wigwag codes. 5. In connection with the make-up and interpretation of signals, it is of importance that the beginner should learn first of all to distinguish the flags so as to be able to tell at a glance what letters are contained in a hoist; secondly, he should understand the distinctive character of the various signals as indicated by the form of the hoist or by the number of flags of which it is composed. All applicants for masters and officers' certificates are required to pass examinations on this subject. The best way to familiarize oneself with the system of signals and signaling is practice in combination. with a careful study of the instructions given in the code book. CHARACTER OF SIGNALS AS INDICATED BY THE 6. One-Flag Signals.-The meaning of flags and pennants hoisted singly and with the code flag is found on pages 7 and 35 of the code book. 7. Two-Flag Signals.-Signals composed of two flags are urgent or important signals. They run from A B to XY. 8. Three-Flag Signals.-Signals composed of three flags are either compass, measurement, auxiliary phrases, or general vocabulary signals. Compass signals run from. ABC to AST, signals relating to money from ASU to AVJ, and those relating to weights and measures from AVK to BCN. Three-flag signals in which the code flag is uppermost relate to latitude, longitude, time, barometer, or thermometer. 9. Four-Flag Signals.-Signals composed of four flags are either geographical or alphabetical signals. All geographical signals begin with the letter A or B and run from ABCD to BFAU. All alphabetical signals commence with the Four-flag signals with the pennant G uppermost are names of men-of-war. Four-flag signals with a square flag uppermost are names of merchant vessels, and are not in the code book. 10. Since each of the twenty-six letters of the alphabet is represented by a flag, it is evident that any word can be spelled by this system, and if the word to be spelled consists of more than four letters, two or more hoists must be used, as no hoist is to contain more than four flags. Explanations and instructions on this subject are to be found on pages 13 and 14 of the code book. 11. Illustrations of Hoists. The principal forms of signals are shown in Fig. 2, where (1), (2), and (3) are urgent or important signals, (4) a compass signal, (5) a general vocabulary signal, and (6), (7), and (8) geographical signals. The interpretation of the respective signals is |