THE NEW INTERNATIONAL YEAR BOOK A COMPENDIUM OF THE WORLD'S FOR THE YEAR 1916 EDITOR FRANK MOORE COLBY, M. A. ASSOCIATE EDITORS ALLEN LEON CHURCHILL WILLIAM DUNN CONKLIN NEW YORK DODD, MEAD AND COMPANY 1917 PREFACE The present volume of the NEW INTERNATIONAL YEAR BOOK, the tenth in the series that began with the 1907 issue, runs to more than the usual length owing to the necessity of treating in adequate detail the Presidential Campaign and Election. Ten years' experience have presented no reason for modifying in essentials the plan of the YEAR BOOK and it continues to aim at comprehensive rather than specialized treatment and to preserve the alphabetical order of presentation as best suited to a general work of reference, designed for all classes of readers. The title list this year has been extended as a result of the more thorough developments of the cross reference system. Another improvement over previous issues is the expansion of the biographical department, which now includes a wider range and a more complete treatment of biographies pertaining to the year than can be found in any other single work. Aside from the Presidential Campaign the dominant article in the YEAR Book continues to be the review of the War in Europe, which, as in the two preceding issues, has been prepared by Professor Carlton Hayes. The relations of the United States to the War are discussed separately as before under the title, UNITED STATES AND THE WAR. The present number contains an unusually comprehensive discussion of economic and social topics such as ARBITRATION AND CONCILIATION, BANKS, FINANCIAL REVIEW, LABOR, STRIKES AND LOCKOUTS, CHARITIES, COÖPERATION, WELFARE WORK, WORKINGMEN'S COMPENSATION, PENOLOGY, TAXATION, CHILD LABOR, PRICES, etc. The unprecedented extent to which engineering skill has been applied to the work of destruction appears in such articles as MILITARY PROGRESS, NAVAL PROGRESS, BATTLESHIPS, and SUBMARINES in which the technical developments as regards matériel are related, and under SHIPPING are described and enumerated the losses inflicted on the merchant fleets of both Allied and neutral nations. The article SHIPBUILDING is of interest as showing the efforts made to make good these losses, while CHEMISTRY, INDUSTRIAL records what was being done to relieve disturbed manufacturing conditions and shortage of supply by improved processes and by new materials. FRANK MOORE COLBY. ASTRONOMY: METEOROLOGY T. W. EDMONDSON, PH.D., ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND POLITI- EDUCATION IN STATES: UNIVERSITIES MILO B. HILLEGAS, PH.D., ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SUB- ASSOCIATE EDITOR OF Industrial Management. EUGENICS ALVAN A. TENNEY, PH.D., ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF SOCIOLOGY, COLUMBIA EXPLORATION; POLAR RE- A. W. GREELY, PH.D., MAJOR GENERAL, UNITED STATES ARMY; COM- PROFESSOR OF MATHEMATICS, NEW YORK UNI- FEMINISM; WOMAN MOVEMENT CHEMISTRY (INDUSTRIAL); CELE- MARCUS BENJAMIN, PH.D., SC.D., LL.D., FRENCH LITERATURE EDITOR FOR THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANU- NAUTICS; ETC. ALBERT SCHINZ, PH.D., PROFESSOR OF FRENCH LITERATURE, SMITH COL- AERO GEOLOGY; MINERALOGY DAVID HALE NEWLAND, A.B., HERBERT TREADWELL WADE. DRAMATIC CRITIC OF THE Bookman. |