The remaining Tenses of the Verb to do are not Auxiliary, with the exception of the Present Tense, Contingent Mood, used conditionally or subjunctively, which is uninflected. Ex. (If, or that) I do, thou do, he do; we do, you do, they do.

Obs.-Custom allows the contraction of does not into don't.

14. TO GO. Participle-GOING.

The Verb to go lends its Participle, in combination with forms of the Verb to be, as an Auxiliary to other Verbs in the Infinitive Mood. Ex. I am, was, have been, may be, might have been, &c., going to die. The other forms of the Verb to go are not used as Auxiliaries.

Obs. 1.-The Auxiliaries shail and will, though forming a Future Tense in combination with another Verb, are themselves of the Present Tense. So the Auxiliaries may, might, can, could, would, should, must, though forming the Contingent Mood when in combination, are themselves of the Indicative Mood, Present Tense. Let, though forming the First and Third Person of the Imperative Mood, is of itself of the Second Person, the speaker being supposed to address himself, or himself and others. The emphasis added by do and did to the Present and Past Indefinite Tenses of the Indicative Mood is expressed in the other Moods and Tenses, and in the Passive Voice, by laying a stress

on the Auxiliary Verb. Ex. I have ordered it, he may die, they are conquered.

Obs. 2.-Shall is used with the First Person Singular and Plural, except when the speaker wishes to express strong purpose, when he uses will. Will is used with the Second and Third Persons, except when the speaker wishes to express a command, when he uses shall.

Obs. 3.-In parsing a sentence, Auxiliaries should be taken with the Verb that they are helping, as together with it forming one Mood or Tense. For example, I shall rule, I can rule, I am ruled, should be described as a Future Tense, Indicative Mood; as a Present Tense, Contingent Mood; as a Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Passive Voice; not as an Auxiliary Verb in combination with a form of the Verb to rule.

EXERCISE.

Write out the Present Tense, Contingent Mood, of the Verb to do, giving it, (1) a Potential, (2) an Optative, (3) a Compulsory, (4) a Future-Contingent force.

EXERCISE.

State the Voice, Mood, Tense, Number, and Person of the verbal forms compounded of the Auxiliary and other Verbs in the following:

I rather would have been his hangman.

I would not follow him.

Thou hast heard me say.
We cannot all be masters; nor all masters
Cannot be truly followed. You shall mark.
I will wear my heart upon my sleeve.

I think I can discover him. Do you know
Where we may apprehend her? She is gone.

CONJUGATION OF THE REGULAR VERB,

1. There are two regular Conjugations.

2. The First Conjugation forms the Past Tense and Past Participle in ed, d, or t. Ex. Touch, touched, touched; rule, ruled, ruled; build, built, built.

bs.-These three terminations are essentially the same, t being a contracted form of ed (Ex. built for builded), and the e

E

being prefixed to the d only to facilitate pronunciation, where, as is usually the case, such aid is wanted.

3. The Second Conjugation forms the Past Tense by changing the vowel of the Present, and it forms the Past Participle by adding en or n either (1) to the Present, or (2) to the Past Tense. Ex. Strive, strove, striven; freeze, froze, frozen; fall, fell, fallen; know,, knew, known.

Obs.-The great majority of English Verbs are of the First Conjugation, but most of those in everyday use are of the Second.

I have touched, or have been touching, &c.

Pluperfect Tense.

I had touched, or had been touching, &c.

I shall have touched, or shall have been touching, &c.

CONTINGENT MOOD.

Present Tense, as used Conditionally or Subjunctively

I. (If, or that) I touch, or be touching

2. (If, or that) Thou touch, or be touching

3. (If, or that) He touch, or be touching

(If, or that) We touch, or be touching.

(If, or that) You touch, or be touching.

(If, or that) They touch, or be touching.

Same Tense, with Permissive Force.
I may or might touch, or be touching, &c

Same Tense, with Optative Force.
May I touch, or be touching, &c.

Same Tense, with Potential Force.
I can or could touch, or be touching, &c.
Same Tense, with Compulsory Force.
I must touch, or be touching, &c.

Same Tense, with Future-Contingent Force.
I would or should touch, or be touching, &c.

Imperfect Tense, used only Conditionally or Subjunctively.

1. (If, or that) I were touch

ing

2. (If, or that) Thou wert

touching

3. (If, or that) He were touching

(If, or that) We were touch

ing.

(If, or that) You were touch

ing.

(If, or that) They were touching.

IMPERATIVE MOOD.

1. Let me touch, or be touching

2. Touch thou

3. Let him touch

INFINITIVE

MOOD.

Present Tense.

Past Tense.

To touch.

To have touched.

Present Participle.

Touching,

PASSIVE VOICE.

Past Participle.

Having touched.

INDICATIVE MOOD.

Indefinite Present Tense.
I am touched, &c.

Strict Present Tense.
I am being touched, &c.

Imperfect Tense.

I was being touched, &c.

Indefinite Past Tens.
I was touched, &c.

Perfect Tense.

I have been touched, &c.

Pluperfect Tense.

I had been touched, &c.