God, History, and Dialectic: The Theological Foundations of the Two Europes and Their Cultural Consequences

accept according attributes Augustine Augustinian authority basis become beginning bishops body called Catholic century Christ Christian Church claims conception consequences Council course created creation criticism cultural death definition dialectical distinction divine doctrine ecclesiastical effect Emperor essence eternal evidence example existence fact faith Father filioque final formulation Gnostic grace Greek Gregory hand Hellenization heresy historiography human human nature hypostasis implications important Incarnation indicates interpretation John king less Lord maintained means metaphysical method mind Monophysite nature once operations opposition ordo theologiae original Orthodox papacy patristic person philosophical Pope position precisely present principle question readings reason reference relation Roman Scripture Second Europe seen sense soul Spirit structure Testament theology things tradition Trinity true turn ultimate understanding union unity universal whole