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wrote it. For the result he looked forward to with so much solicitude, speedily took place. Prompted by that benevolence which always urged him into the most hazardous extremes, he penetrated as far as Cherson, a new settlement in Russia, which had proved fatal to thousands. At this remote spot, he engaged, with the activity of youth, in a series of experiments to counteract the insalubrity which afflicted the inhabitants; and amongst others, was induced to visit a young lady, who lay ill of an epidemic fever. But in his endeavours to recover her, he caught the distemper himself, and, after years of exposure, fell a martyr to his own humanity. Prince Potemkin, the favourite minister of the great Catherine, no sooner heard of his indisposition, than he despatched his private physician to his relief. All attentions, however, proved vain; the measure of his labours was numbered; and he expired on the twelfth day of his confinement. His body was interred in the garden of a French gentleman in the neighbourhood, and the grateful admiration of the Russian empire has since honoured the spot with a handsome tomb. In England, the event was announced in the Gazette, a compliment which had never before been conferred on a private individual; and all ranks concurred in sincere expressions of regard for the memory of a man, who, in the most essential points, usurps the praise of having been an ornament to human nature.

John Howard, the philanthropist, was unquestionably one of the most extraordinary characters who figure upon the voluminous pages of universal biography. He travelled thrice through France, four times through Germany, five times through Holland, twice through Italy, once through Spain and Portugal, and paid different visits to Denmark, Sweden, Russia, Poland, and Turkey. The cause of humanity has certainly been more benefited by others, and at greater sacrifices, but never upon terms more surprising, or a dearer price. He was admirably fitted for his labours; never indulging in the use of spirituous liquors, sparingly conversant with social pleasures, and ever habituated to a system of rigorous temperance, he lived in the poorest countries with content, and passed through the most necessitous emergencies without irksomeness. With him the mind appears to have ever been absolute master of the body, and thus he submitted to all hard ships with alacrity, and underwent every mortification without

the smallest reluctance. Calm in temper, and most resolute in judgment, he was parsimonious to his own person, but unbounded in his expenditure upon others. To him money seems to have been only valuable in proportion to the good it enabled him to render his fellow-creatures. His talents were the most useful, but not shining; he wrote with much good sense, and but little elegance; for his education was deficient, and his acquirements in every respect attained by the force of inherent power and constitutional perseverance. In his principles there was nothing speculative; his opinions were founded upon accurate observation, and all his statements were the evidence of facts. His eagerness to ameliorate the wretchedness of the prisoner, never made him the less anxious to correct vice, and deter from crime: he reformed, while he punished; and insinuated the charms of order into the atonement of licentiousness. Discipline, strict, invariable, but gentle discipline, softened by every comfort which is compatible with the circumstances of the sufferer, was uniformly the doctrine he desired to inculcate. Wherever he went, his reputation was the highest: at home and abroad, state prisons and public hospitals were thrown open to his touch with grateful alacrity; the most exalted flattered him with respect, the lowest hailed him with veneration; and he moved about in his own department, by common consent, the most influential censor of the age.

Burke pronounced a most splendid panegyric upon the motives and incidents of his life: it was introduced into a speech delivered at the election of Bristol, for 1780, and ran thus:-"I cannot name this gentleman without remarking that his labours and writings have done much to open the eyes and hearts of mankind. He has visited all Europe-not to survey the sumptuousness of palaces, or the stateliness of temples; not to make accurate measurements of the remains of ancient grandeur, or to form a scale of the curiosities of modern art; not to collect medals, or collate manuscripts;-but to dive into the depths of dungeons, to plunge into the infection of hospitals, to survey the mansions of sorrow and pain, to take the gauge and dimensions of misery, depression, and contempt; to remember the forgotten, to attend the neglected, to visit the forsaken; to collate and compare the distresses of all men, in all countries, and edit the mis

fortunes of the human race. His plan is original; and it is as full of genius, as it is of humanity. It was a voyage of discovery; a circumnavigation of charity. Already the benefit of his exertions is felt more or less in every country: I hope he will anticipate his reward by seeing all its effects realized in his own. He will receive, not by retail, but in gross, the reward of those who visit the prisoner; as he has so forestalled and monopolized this branch of charity, that there will be, I trust, little room to merit by such acts of benevolence hereafter."

EARL HOWE, K.G.

THE monument erected by the gratitude of his country to perpetuate the reputation of this successful Admiral,* stands under the east window of the south transept in St. Paul's Cathedral. In front is placed a statue of his lordship, leaning on a telescope, and guarded by a lion couched, the figure of British strength and security. Above, on a rostrated column, sits Britannia with her trident, and to her right below, History appears in the act of recording the more prominent of his Lordhip's

In the south aisle of Westminster Abbey, is a monument to the memory of GEORGE AUGUSTUS VISCOUNT HOWE, and elder brother to the subject of this sketch. It consists of a large heavy tablet, surmounted by his lordship's coat of arms, affixed to a military trophy, before which a female figure reclines in the expression of grief. It was designed by B. Stewart, and executed by Scheemakers, but to neither the one artist nor the other is much praise due for the performance. The inscription details his Lordship's claim to notice with sufficient clearness.

The Province of Massachusets Bay, in New England,
By an order of the Great and General Court,
Bearing date February the 1st, 1659,

Caused this monument to

actions, while Victory, leaning forward over the shoulders of History, deposits a branch of palm in the lap of Britannia.

Be erected to the Memory of George Lord
Viscount Howe, Brigadier-Genera! of his Majesty's
Forces in North America, who was slain July 6th, 1758,
On the march to Ticonderago, in the 34th year
Of his age; in testimony of the sense they had of his
Services and Military Virtues, and of the affection
Their Officers and Soldiers bore to his command.
He lived respected, and beloved; the publick regretted
His loss; to his family he is irreparable.

Near at hand, but in a lower range, is a monument to the memory of Colonel Robert Townshend, another gallant officer, who also lost his life at Ticonderago, under circumstances which greatly excited the public sympathy. It consists of a sarcophagus richly decorated with military emblems, and supported by two Indians, who are admirably carved after the style of the ancient Caryatides. In front is a scene in basso-relievo, on which is a fine representation of the place and manner in which the Colonel fell. Altogether it is a very effective and masterly piece of work: R. Adams, architect, and B. and S. Carter, sculptors, were the artists employed upon it. The inscription reads as follows:

This monument was erected

By a disconsolate Parent,
The Lady Viscountess Townshend,
To the memory of her fifth son,

The Hon. Lieutenant-Colonel Roger Townshend,
Who was killed by a cannon ball,

On the 20th of July, 1759, in the 25th year of his age,
As he was reconnoitring the French Lines at Ticonderago,
In North America.

From the Parent, the Brother, and the Friend,
His social and amiable Manners,

His enterprising Bravery,

And the Integrity of his Heart,

May claim the tribute of affliction:
Yet, Stranger! weep not:
For though premature his death,
His life was glorious,
Enrolling Him with the names

of those Immortal Statesmen and Commanders,

Flaxman, the academician, was the statuary of the group, and the style in which it is executed may be safely said to uphold the character of the artist. Earl Howe's statue is imposing in attitude, and striking in feature; there are also some other neat traces of merit to be distinguished upon the work; but our praise of the whole cannot go very far; there is a heaviness about them all, and the design is made up of the cold and uninteresting materials of allegory. The epitaph is expressed with no elegance, and runs thus:

:

Erected at the Public Expense to the Memory of
Admiral EARL HOWE,

In testimony of the general sense of his great and meritorious

services,

In the course of a long and distinguished life, and in particular for the benefit

Derived to his Country by the brilliant Victory which he

obtained

Over the French Fleet, off Ushant, 1st June, 1794. He was born 19th March, 1729, and died 5th August, 1799, in his 74th year.

Richard Earl Howe, the second son of Sir Emanuel Scrope, Viscount Howe, in the kingdom of Ireland, was educated at Eton School; and entered the navy in his fourteenth year. He made his first voyage under Lord Anson, when that gallant sailor undertook the command of the memorable squadron which explored the South Scas. Accident prevented young Howe from a full share of the honours which redounded upon those who were concerned in the expedition; for a storm scattered the fleet in the Straits of Lemaire, and his ship, the Severn, was so disabled

Whose Wisdom and Intrepidity,

In the course of this comprehensive and successful war,
Have extended the Commerce,

Enlarged the Dominion,

And upheld the Majesty of these Kingdoms,

Beyond the idea of any former age.

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