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Bridge," and, with Mungo Mackay, superintended the construction of it. He died in Medfield, Mass., Aug. 31, 1821, and his remains were placed in King's Chapel BurialGround.

He resided for many years in a stone house on the south side of Hanover Street, near Elm Street, the former residence of Benjamin Hallowell, comptroller of customs, which was ransacked by the patriots at the time Gov. Hutchinson's house was visited by them.

Later,
He

Russell Sturgis (1786), merchant, of Boston, son of Thomas and Sarah (Payne) Sturgis, was born in Barnstable, Mass., Aug. 27, 1750. At the age of sixteen years, he left his home and came to Boston. He entered the mercantile establishment of Thomas Handasyd Peck, a furrier. This business was very largely increased, and the firm became, in company with John Jacob Astor, of New York, one of the pioneers in opening a very extensive fur trade on the northwest coast of America. Mr. Sturgis (1786) learned the hatter's trade, did business in Merchants Row, and resided on Atkinson Street. he had a brick mansion on Pearl Street, where now is Sturgis Place, or avenue. married Elizabeth Perkins, daughter of James and Elizabeth (Peck) Perkins. Elizabeth Peck was a daughter of Thomas H. Peck, Mr. Sturgis's (1786) early business associate. Russell Sturgis (1786) and his wife were the parents of sixteen children, all born before the close of the eighteenth century, one of whom, the youngest daughter, is living (this 25th of April, 1890), at the age of ninety-three years, and dictated this sketch of her honored father. The name of "Russell Sturgis " has been continued from father to son for six successive generations.

Mr. Sturgis (1786) was interested in the militia, and from 1787 to 1792 was first lieutenant of a company of light artillery in Boston, of which John Johnston (1786) was captain. He filled, at various times, many public offices in Boston. He held the position of selectman from 1796 to 1802 inclusive, except in 1798, and represented Boston in the State Senate and House of Representatives. He took an active part in public affairs generally, and was a member of various benevolent societies.

Lieut. Russell Sturgis (1786) died Sept. 7, 1826, and his remains were placed in the Granary Burial-Ground. A cotemporary newspaper, in an obituary notice of Mr. Sturgis (1786), says, "On Thursday last [Sept. 7, 1826], Russell Sturgis, Esq., aged seventy-six years. Mr. Sturgis [1786] was a native of Barnstable and of an ancient and respectable family. He came to Boston when young. He was a respectable merchant, an honest man, an ardent patriot, an affectionate friend."

Samuel Todd (1786), housewright, of Boston. In the militia he rose to the grade of captain. He was first sergeant of the Artillery Company in 1790, lieutenant in 1793, captain in 1797, and armorer from 1806 to 1814. He was the first armorer who took charge of the Company equipments in Faneuil Hall. He resided in Cold Lane, now Portland Street, and died March 31, 1815. in the burial-ground on the Common. attended his funeral.

Russell Sturgis (1786). AUTHORITIES: Boston Records; MS. of George Sturgis Paine, Worcester, Mass.

His remains were placed in tomb No. 101 The Artillery Company, in citizens' dress,

Samuel Todd (1786). AUTHORITIES: Boston Records; Whitman's Hist. A. and H. A. Company, Ed. 1842.

Pepperell Tyler (1786), merchant, son of Andrew and Miriam Tyler, was born in Boston, April 12, 1731. In 1781, he was chosen a clerk of the market. In 1782, he was a shop- or store-keeper, paying his excise tax, and was licensed to sell tea. The same year he was approbated by the selectmen to be a "retailer of strong drink" at his store in Haymarket. He never held any office in the Artillery Company.

Thomas Wells (1786), wine merchant, of Boston, son of Francis and Susannah (Allen) (Welsh) Wells, was born at Cambridge Farms, May 23, 1754. He married, June 1, 1773, Hannah Adams.

"His father," according to Mr. Drake, "came to Boston in the ship 'Hampstead Gally,' of which he was owner and master, arriving at Boston Aug. 12, 1723. Elizabeth, daughter by his first wife, born in England, married Gov. Samuel Adams. Their daughter, Hannah, was married to Capt. Thomas Wells [1786]."

Mr. Wells (1786) was a member of Paddock's (1762) regiment of artillery, was commissioned second lieutenant in Knox's artillery regiment, Jan. 1, 1776 captain in Crane's artillery regiment in 1778, and was discharged in 1780, after a service of five years and three months. He subsequently became a wine merchant, and in 1789 occupied the cellar under the Old South Church, and in 1796 he kept a wine cellar in Milk Street and lived in Leverett's (or Quaker) Lane, now Congress Street. He was fourth sergeant of the Artillery Company in 1787. His son, Thomas, joined the Artillery Company in 1811.

He died, in Boston, Oct. 30, 1799, “a faithful friend and servant in his country's cause during the revolutionary struggle."

John Winslow (1786), merchant, of Boston, son of John and Elizabeth (Mason) Winslow, of Boston, and great-grandson of John (1692), was born in Boston, Sept. 29, 1753, and died Nov. 29, 1819. He married, May 18, 1782, Ann Gardner.

Mr. Whitman (1810), in his history of the Artillery Company, says, concerning Gen. Winslow (1786): —

"His father died before he arrived of age, and left him to launch forth on the world to seek his fortune. Before the war, he was a clerk in the hardware store of his uncle, Jonathan Mason, who kept on the east side of Washington Street, No. 12, opposite Williams Court. Mr. Mason lived over his store, and was a deacon in the Old South Church. Mr. Winslow [1786] was in Boston during its occupation by the British in 1775, was the one who recognized Gen. Warren's body after the battle of Bunker Hill, and he buried the communion plate of the Old South Church in the cellar of his uncle's home to prevent its falling into the hands of the British. Being desirous of getting away from Boston, he shipped on a British vessel for Newport, R. I., at which place he deserted. At the age of twenty-two, he was appointed by Gov. Trumbull deputy paymaster-general, in the Northern Department, with the rank of lieutenant. He joined the army at Quebec, under Gen. Montgomery, and was in the battle. June 8, 1777, he received a commission as captain of artillery, and was placed under the command of Major Ebenezer Stevens, who was subsequently a major-general in New York. He was

Pepperell Tyler (1786). AUTHORITY: Boston Records.

Thomas Wells (1786). AUTHORITIES: Boston Records; Drake's Biog. Notices of Mass. Society of the Cincinnati,

John Winslow (1786). AUTHORITIES: Hill's Hist. of Old South Church; Drake's Old Landmarks of Boston, p. 87; Memorials of the Mass. Society of the Cincinnati; Whitman's Hist. A. and H. A. Company, Ed. 1842.

in the battle which resulted in the capture of Burgoyne, and was one of those who took the account of the stores, etc., found in his camp, and also had charge of many prisoners. He was afterwards stationed at West Point and White Plains. When the American Army was retreating from Quebec, under Gen. Wooster, and the enemy close upon their heels, he saved the public chest, and lost his own baggage and wardrobe, as valuable as any officer's in the line. He was thus left destitute of clothing, not having sufficient to change his linen for thirty-five days. He received, on the settlement of his accounts as paymaster, the total of which was $865,700.81,-a certificate from the paymastergeneral, wherein his conduct was highly approved, and, it is said, he was almost the only paymaster who had faithfully accounted for the public moneys. He was at the battle of Ticonderoga, and, when the army, under Gen. Sinclair, retreated from that place, he again saved the books and property intrusted to his care, and lost most of his own. He was soon after relieved, having settled his second accounts, amounting to $104,518.

"Nov. 5, 1778, he was honorably discharged, at his own request. When the militia of Boston was reorganized he was elected a major, and, soon after, a colonel.1 March 21, 1799, he was elected brigadier-general of the Legionary Brigade. In 1809, he was chosen major-general, but did not accept, and immediately resigned his office of brigadier-general. He was clerk of the Artillery Company in 1787; lieutenant in 1788; its captain in 1792 and 1798, and its treasurer from 1798 to 1810. He was for many years a fireward, and president of the board of health, assistant treasurer of the Cincinnati from 1794 to 1809, and treasurer from 1809 to 1811, and often representative to the General Court. In 1810, he lost his property by an unexpected failure, and his embarrassments continued during life. His integrity and honor were never questioned, and the people placed him, seven years successively, in the responsible office of county treasurer, until his decease, Nov. 29, 1819. The fidelity with which he discharged its duties induced his constituents to pronounce him the best treasurer that had ever filled the office.

"As a neighbor and friend, he was zealous and charitable, frequently employed by the rich to bestow their secret alms upon the virtuous poor. He was not, by talent or education, a great man, but formed by nature an upright one. The numerous instances of being guardian, referee, etc., prove his integrity. He was prompt, but prudent; rigid, but not austere; independent, yet popular; shrinking from public honors, yet deserving them; fearless in discharge of public, social, and moral duties, yet amiable and beloved by all. The composure with which he met his troubles, and even saw the approach of death, show the sterling value of his heart and mind. He never communicated his troubles, because it might disturb others; but rather suffered them to grow upon him in secret, while the world supposed him cheerful In his family, he was spotless, kind, and affectionate; his fireside was the seat of hospitality; his home, the mansion of happiness. He was buried in the family tomb, near the centre of the Chapel Burial-Ground."

At his funeral, the Society of the Cincinnati, the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, the light infantry company (called, in his honor, the "Winslow Blues"), were present to pay respect to his memory. His daughter, Mary Ann, who died in 1882, was buried in the same tomb.

1 "Major John Winslow [1786] was appointed Lieut. Col. of the Boston regiment, vice Lieut.-Col. Farrington [1786] displaced, and Capt. William

Bird [1787] was appointed major, vice Winslow [1786] promoted."—Massachusetts Centinel, March 12, 1788.

The record of the Artillery Company for 1786 is as follows:

"After an Intermission of the Artillery Company's Assembling during the War of the United States with Great Britain, in which many of its members were engaged, and subsequent thereto were in a dispersed situation, until the year seventeen hundred & eighty-six, when they again Assembled under the Command of their last elected Officers and had the honor of leading in the Military duties of the then particularly important day [that is, the insurrection under Daniel Shays] under which Command they continued until the return of their anniversary Election in June, 1787, at which time, Maj. Gen. John Brooks [1786], Col. Josiah Waters [1769], and Capt. Ebenezer Torrey [1765] were elected officers, and His Excellency John Hancock, Esq., Governor and Commander-inChief of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts was pleased, agreeable to ancient and usual form, to deliver the respective badges to the officers.

"Boston, 4th August 1786. The Committee appointed by the members of the Ancient & Honorable Artillery Company at their last meeting, in Faneuil Hall, take leave to report by recommending the following votes, vizt:

"Ist. Voted, That the Officers elected in June 1774, take charge of ye said Company and continue therein until the Election in June next.

"2d. Voted, That Capt William Bell [1756] assemble the Members of the said Company at some convenient time & place, at least once every week, in order to learn ye Manual Exercise & evolution as directed by ye Captain General previously to turning out on ye Muster day in September next.

"3d. Voted, That the Company turn out to do Military duty on the first Monday in September next, & the Capt. is requested to order provision to be made at Faneuil Hall on ye evening as usual.

"4th. Voted, That the Expenses on ye evening for Exercise previous to ye Muster days of this year be paid out of ye Company Chest; as also for the provision mentioned in ye preceding Vote.

"5th. Voted, That the Commission Officers provide such Military appendages as may be found wanting for the said Company, & ye Treasurer is hereby authorized & empowered to pay the same & lay the account so paid before the Company on ye evening of September, when ye Company will be assembled.

"6th. Voted, That the Treasurer be requested to settle the Bond & Mortgage due from Mr Brown upon the best possible terms, and report his doings thereon to the said Company as soon as may be.

"7th. Voted, That the Treasurer, with a Committee, wait upon His Excellency, Gov. Bowdoin with the Charter of the Company, & acquaint him with such of our proceedings as may be judged necessary.

"8th. Voted, That the Treasurer be requested to exchange what monies he shall have on hand (after paying the aforementioned Expenses, & reserving one hundred Dollars for the use of the Company in June next) for the consolidated Securities of this Commonwealth, and report his doings thereon as soon as may be.

"9th & lastly, it is recommended that as soon as convenient the Members of the said Company will furnish themselves with, & come into the following Uniform, vizt: a plain Hatt & Cockade, Blue Coat, white Waistcoat & Breeches & White Stockings. All which is submitted. Voted, that the Foregoing Votes be recorded in ye Company's Book. Attest: WILLIAM DAWES, Jr. Clerk.

'There seems to be no knowledge of the meetings of the Company in 1782.

"Friday evening, 1st Sept. [1786] Voted, to have ye Band of Musick to play on our Military Muster on ye 4th inst and ye expense of the same to be paid by ye Treasurer, Col. Josiah Waters [1769], Mr Daniel Rea [Jr., 1770], William Dawes Jr. [1768] Committee to agree with them. Attest: WILLIAM DAWES, Jr. Clerk.

Monday, 4th September [1786].1 Voted, the Clerk be directed to wait on ye gentlemen who have this day been admitted members of this Company in order that they may sign the Company's Book, & also to request their attendance with their firelocks & Bayonetts at Faneuil Hall, on Wednesday Evening next, & so from time to time as ye Company may meet for discipline. Voted, the Clerk be directed to inform all ye Members of ye foregoing, that they may govern themselves accordingly.

"Attest: WM DAWES, Jr. Clerk.

"Wednesday Evening, 27th Sept. [1786] Voted, to have the Band of Musick on our next Muster day, being ye first Monday in October next, & ye expense be paid out of ye Company's stock. Attest. WM DAWES, Jr. Clerk.

"Monday, Muster day. 2d Oct. 1786. Voted, there be a Committee to join the Treasurer to settle with the debtors to ye Ancient & Honorable Artillery Company upon ye best possible manner; & also, to Revise the list of ye members & report their doings as soon as may be. Committee, Capt Wm Bell [1756], Col Thomas Dawes [1754], Col Josiah Waters [1769], Maj. Wm Dawes, Jun [1768], Capt John Winslow [1786], Capt J. Stutson [1765], Capt Amasa Davis [1786]

"Attest. Wм DAWES, Jun. Clerk.

"October 11th, 1786. At Faneuil Hall, "Voted, the Company continue its Military exercise on Wednesday Evening; the Roll to be called at seven o'clock. Those members then absent to pay a fine of six pence; if absent the evening [to pay] one shilling, unless sick or out of town. Such members as attend without arms be considered as Absent & pay a fine of 1/.

"Voted That the Clerk be directed to notify the Company of the above vote, & to call the Company together on Wednesday Evening next with their Arms & Accoutrements. "Voted, Col Josiah Waters [1769], Capt John Winslow [1786], & Mr. Thomas S. Boardman [1774] be a Committee to light the Hall for duty as above.

"Attest, WILLIAM DAWES, Jun. Clerk.

"October 19th, 1786. The Committee appointed Oct. 2d, 1786, for the purpose of Revising the list of the Ancient & Honorable Artillery Company, and for the purpose of Enquiring into the state of their finances beg leave to report so far as respects the Revision of the list, that the following Persons be considered as Members, & the Clerk be directed to enter their Names on the Book. That no Person be considered as a Member, whose name is not entered in the Company's New Book opened August 4th, 1786.

1 "On Monday last [Sept. 4, 1786] for the first time, since the commencement of the late Revolution, the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, commanded by Major Bell, paraded at the State house in this town, and, preceded by a band of musick, marched into the common, where they performed a number of military exercises-after which they marched to Faneuil Hall, discharged a volley of small arms and finished the day much to their honour, and the credit of the town.

Attest WILLIAM DAWES, Jr. Clerk.

"It was gratifying to the real friends of this country, to see our aged citizens, some of whom were near seventy years of age, equipped in the accoutrements of soldiers and setting an example to the younger part of the community, that should their country require their aid in the field, they might be found ready disciplined and fit for immediate service." - Massachusetts Centinel, Sept. 6, 1786.

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