national work the Welland Canal, the succession of locks near its highest level; distance 47 miles; time, changing horses once, eight hours. A day at Hamilton, and thence by steamboat to Toronto, in five hours. Remained five days at Toronto, during which I drove some distance inland to see farms. By steamer to Kingston, in half a day and a night, coasting the shore. At Kingston a day, and then, leaving Upper Canada after a stay of nineteen days, I divided the remaining part of the month, and up to November 5th, between Montreal and Quebec. I am sensible that so short a visit of scarcely five weeks can give but the slenderest title to say anything about a country then seen for the first time, notwithstanding any amount of diligence in seeking for information, or access to the most trustworthy sources for obtaining it. I have only to say to those who may be willing to receive it on the above terms, "valeat quantum."

Few Englishmen will be induced to visit a country for pleasure or information without knowing something first about the hotels, roads, and means of conveyance. Ellah's hotel at

Toronto, and Young's at Hamilton, are kept in the English manner; and at the Clifton House at the Falls there are private sitting-rooms, with bedrooms adjoining, the magnificent spectacle of the Falls being immediately opposite the windows. At Sword's hotel, Quebec, you may also live, if you please, as in an English hotel. At Woodstock and London there are very respectable hotels; and at Delaware and Chatham such as are suitable to the smaller kind of country towns. Of the above I speak from experience, and I believe that any one extending his range of travel to the other countrytowns of the province, would find a similar fair average of comfort. If he enters this country from the States, he will be glad to find at those hotels what is not very common in the country he has left-good, well-fed beef and mutton, and the humble, though useful, accessories of good English knives and forks, and other minor articles of manufacture for domestic purposes, which we are too much accustomed to in abundance and perfection not to miss greatly wherever tariffs are high enough to forbid their general use.

The roads of Upper Canada are, as far as I have seen, quite as good as could be expected in a country of such extent and so newly settled. The worst which I encountered was the unfinished one from Chatham to London, part of a fine line completing the main communication through the province from east to west (from Hamilton to Windsor, opposite Detroit), and which has been left in its present state in consequence of the Government having abandoned the charge of local works. It is, however, now surrendered to the counties through which it passes, and will, I understand, be taken in hand again next spring. From London to Woodstock there is a macadamized road, over which you may drive in fine weather at the rate of ten miles an hour. From Woodstock to Hamilton, through Paris (the great rival European capitals have furnished ambitious names to very peaceful spots on the margins of bright streams, surrounded by a few score acres of "clearings," and beyond those a belt of beech and maple and the towering pine), about a third of the road is macadamized, and the rest was being planked, and was nearly

completed. The road more commonly used, by Brantford, was then in some places temporarily out of order. The greatest portion of the road from Hamilton to the Falls is good, and in part macadamized. From Toronto to Lake Simcoe a macadamized road runs in a straight line for 42 miles. There are other main roads of communication, partly macadamized, partly planked, or in process of being completed in one way or the other: as, from Hamilton to Toronto and Kingston, from Hamilton to Galt and Guelph, from Woodstock towards Goderich, from Coburg to Rice Lake, and several others.

The cross-roads, especially those leading to shipping ports on the lakes or to market-towns, did not seem, as far as I had an opportunity of observing, to be in as good a state as the farmer would find it his interest to put them. If by help of a good road he can take to mill or market three times the load in half the time, and with much less wear and tear of cattle and carriage than he can on a bad one, a liberal expenditure to obtain a good road is one of the best of economies. But the struggle between the more and the less

enlightened farmers on this point has to be gone through in Canada, as was the case in times past in every county in England. In Canada the especial value of good roads, in enabling the grower of wheat to send his produce early to market before the season for shipping closes, appears likely to hasten conviction in that par

ticular.

In Canada, as in the United States, the public conveyances, called stages, in the form of those seen in old prints of the time of Elizabeth, roll through the country in a manner somewhat strange to unaccustomed eyes. These "stages" are apparently washed but once in their natural lives; but they are drawn usually by four good horses, and driven by a man on a low seat, with his knees not much below his chest, after a fashion which would disturb the thoughts of an old disciple of "The Road, the Turf, and the Chase." The spirit of adaptation, a common and valuable one, has evidently prevailed here; for whereas in England we have adapted the road to the carriage, in Canada they have prudently adapted the carriage