1643 Battle of Chalgrove, June 18; Death of Hamp- William Cartwright d. (32).
den (49), June 24; Rupert takes Bristol,
July 26; Falkland falls in the first Battle of
Newbury, Sept. 20; Solemn League and
Covenant at St. Margaret's, Sept. 25; Death
of Pym, Dec. 8 (59).—Louis XIV (five years
old) begins his reign.

644 Oxford Parliament, Jan. to April; Battle of
Marston Moor, July 2; Skippon's surrender,
Sept. 2; Second Battle of Newbury, Oct. 27.

1645 Laud beheaded, Jan. 10 (72); Failure of Uxbridge Treaty, Feb. 22; Self-denying ordinance, April; Naseby, June 14; Rupert surrenders Bristol, Sept. 10.-Grotius d. (62).

William Chillingworth d. (42); Francis Quarles d. (52); George Sandys d. (67); Wm. Penn b., d. 1713.

William Browne d. (55); Poems of Edmund Waller (1605-1687) first published.

1646 Charles surrenders to the Scots, May 5.- Sir Thomas Browne's 'Vulgar Errors,' published. Leibnitz b., d. 1716.

647 Charles delivered to Parliamentary Commis- Earl of Rochester b., d. 1680.

sioners, Jan. 30; seized by army, June 4;
escapes from Hampton Court, Nov. 11; im-
prisoned at Carisbrook, Nov. 13.

648 Renewal of civil war, Feb.; Royalist fortresses
surrender; Cromwell victorious at Preston
(Aug. 17) over the Scots, enters Edinburgh;
Isle of Wight Treaty broken off, Nov. 27,
Army take Charles to Hurst, Nov. 30;
'Pride's Purge,' Dec. 6; Charles taken from
Hurst to Windsor, Dec. 23.-Peace of West-
phalia, Oct. 24; 'Fronde' to 1653.

Milton marries Mary Powell.

Areopagitica, Letter to Hartlib; Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce; Martin Bucer's Judgment; Milton's sight declining; Sonnets IV-V. Tetrachordon; Colasterion; Sonnets VI, VII; First edition of Early Poems.

Deaths of Richard Powell, Jan., and John Milton, March.

Lord Herbert of Cherbury d. (67); Herrick's Psalms 1xxx-lxxxvii, April; Hesperides published.

History of England begun (Books i-iv written before March, 1649).

1549 Charles I beheaded, Jan. 30 (b. Nov. 19, 1600);
House of Lords abolished, Feb. 5, and mon-
archy on the 7th by the Rump; Royalist
nobles condemned by High Court of Justice,
March 9; Cromwell in Ireland, Aug. to May.
1650 Execution of Montrose (38), May 21; Charles
II in Scotland, June; Battle of Dunbar,
Sept. 3. Descartes d. (54).

1651 Charles II crowned at Scone, Jan. 1; enters
England, Aug. 6; Battle of Worcester, Sept. 3.

Dru mond of Hawthornden d. (64); Thomas Tenure of Kings and MaHeywood d. (? 58).

Thomas May d. (55); Phineas Fletcher d. (66); Publication of Hobbes' Human Nature, and of Taylor's Holy Living and Dying.

gistrates; Observations on Ormond's Peace; Eikonoclastes; Begins History of England.

1653 Long Parliament dissolved, April 20; Little
or Barebone Parliament, July 4 to Dec. 12;
Instrument of Government; Protectorate,
Dec. 16.-Saumaise (Salmasius) d. (65).
1654 Peace with Holland, April 5; first Protectorate
Parliament, Sept. 3 to Jan. 22.

1655 Republican conspiracy, Feb. 10; Penruddock
executed, May 16; Liberty of Press re-
strained; Penn and Venables take Jamaica.

1656 Spanish War, March 12; Blake defeats the
galleons, Sept. 10; Second Protectorate Par-
liament, first session, Sept. 17 to June 26.

1657 Death of Blake (after his victory at Santa Cruz), Aug. 7(59); Cromwell refuses Kingship, May 8, and is installed as Protector June 26.

cano.

Publication of Complete Angler, by Izaak Death of Mary (Powell) MilWalton (1593-1683). ton (?); Psalms i-viii. Aug.

John Selden d. (70); William Habington d. Defensio Secunda. (49).

andrum Morum.

Sir William Dugdale's (1605-1686) Monasticon Defensio pro re contra Alex-
(publication was finished 1673); Jeremy
Taylor's Golden Grove.

John Hales of Eton d. (72); Bp. Joseph Hall
d. (82); Abp. Ussher d. (76); Fuller's Church
History; Harrington's Oceana.

Milton

marries his second wife, Catherine Woodcock, Nov. 12.

1658 Dissolution of Two Houses (Jan. 25-Feb. 4); Richard Lovelace d. (40).

Surrender of Dunkirk, June 17; Death of

Cromwell, Sept. 3, b. April 25, 1599.

1659 New Parliament, Jan. 27 to April 22; Rump John Cleveland d. (46). restored, May 7 to Oct. 13; Richard Cromwell resigns, May 13; Committee of Safety; Rump again restored, Dec. 26 to March 16. -Peace of Pyrenees.

1660 Monk enters England, Jan. 1, and London, Feb. 3; Convention Parliament, April 25 to Dec. 29; Restoration, May 29; Execution

of Regicides, Oct.

Publication of Jeremy Taylor's Ductor Dubi- Ready and Easy Way to tantium.

1661 Second Long Parliament meets, May 8; Argyle Thomas Fuller d. (53). beheaded, May 27 (63); Corporation Act.

1662 Charles marries Catherine of Braganza, May
20; Execution of Sir H. Vane, June 14 (50);
Act of Uniformity, Aug.; Dunkirk sold, Oct.17.

1663 Impeachment of Clarendon fails, July 9. 1664 Second Dutch War.

Charter of Royal Society (founded 1645); H. Lawes d.; Fuller's Worthies published.

Publication of Butler's Hudibras, First Part. Second part of Hudibras.

Establish a Free Commonwealth; Notes on

mon.

a Ser

1667 Dutch sail up Medway, June 3; Peace of Breda, July 10; Clarendon resigns, Aug. 30, and goes into exile.

1668 Triple Alliance (England, Holland and Sweden, against France); Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle (France and Spain), April 22.

Abraham Cowley d. (49); Jeermy Taylor d. Sale of Paradise Lost (in ten (54); George Wither d. (79).

Sir J. Denham d. (53); Sir William Davenant d. (62).

books), April 27; published this year.

1670 The Cabal' government; Treaty of Dover.

1671 Coventry Act, March 6; Parliament prorogued without voting supplies, April 22.

1672 Exchequer shut, Jan. 2; Third Dutch War de- Bishop Wilkins d. (58).

clared, March 17; Battle of Solebay, May

28; Prince of Orange Stadtholder, June 1;

Shaftesbury Chancellor, Nov. 17.

29; Shaftesbury dismissed, Nov. 9.

1674 Peace with Dutch, Feb.

and Schism; Early Poems republished, with additions. Paradise Lost, second edition (in twelve books); Epist. Famil. Lib. i.; Academic Exercises; Death, Nov. 8; Burial, Nov. 12.