accounts must bear the date of the time of the approval, and the sum for which the account is approved must be written in words at length.

ARTICLE 107.

Within the United States, men are not to be transferred from vessels of one squadron or station to vessels of another squadron or station, without the consent of the Secretary of the Navy, nor from one vessel to another of the same squadron, unless required for the public interests, as authorized by the 181st article in the chapter "Commanders of vessels."

ARTICLE 108.

No person in the navy is to be discharged before the expiration of his term of service, without the orders or permission of the Secretary of the Navy, or of the commander-in-chief of a fleet or squadron, upon a foreign station.

ARTICLE 109.

When any person shall be transferred from one vessel, navy yard, or station, to another, the commander of the vessel, navy yard, or station, from which he may be sent, shall take care that he be ac. companied by a correct statement of his accounts, showing the date of his original entry into the service, the time when his service expires, his rating, the amount he may have received under the different heads of the pay-roll, and the amount still due to him, which statement shall be forwarded to the commander of the vessel, navy yard, or station to which he may be sent, to be by him handed to the purser.

ARTICLE 110.

Gambling is strictly prohibited on board the vessels of the navy, and in navy yards.

ARTICLE 111.

Should any officer of the navy so far forget what is due to his own honor, and to the honor of the service of which he is a member, as to incur debts upon a foreign station, which the pay then

due to him, or his other immediate resources, will not allow him to discharge, or if he should leave any foreign port, without first paying any debt which he may have incurred, and complaint should be made of the same to the captain or commander of the vessel, it shall be the duty of such captain or commanding officer to make report of the facts and circumstances to the commander of the squadron, if on a foreign station, or to the Secretary of the Navy, if within the United States, that a court martial may be ordered, or such other course adopted as the circumstances of the case and the honor of the service may seem to require.

ARTICLE 112.

Notwithstanding there are particular duties prescribed for different officers on board vessels by these regulations, yet it is not intended to limit their duties to those specified; but they are promptly to obey all orders which they may receive from their commanding officers, who are required to take care that every officer performs all his duties and obeys all orders in a proper manner.

CHAPTER V.

THE COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF OF A FLEET OR,

SQUADRON.

ARTICLE 113.

When two or more officers who are entitled to wear a broad pendant, shall meet, the senior shall wear a blue pendant with white' stars; the next in rank shall wear a red pendant with white stars ; and the third in rank a white pendant with blue stars. The blue pendant is to be worn by all officers entitled to wear a broad pendant, when not in the presence of a senior captain in command.

ARTICLE 114.

The commander-in-chief of a fleet or squadron shall, as early as possible, inform himself of the state and condition of the vessels, and with the qualifications and character of the commanders and

other officers placed under his command, so that he may be able to select, for particular services, those best qualified to perform them.

ARTICLE 115.

He shall use every exertion to equip the fleet or squadron as expeditiously as possible, and make frequent reports to the Navy Department of his progress.

ARTICLE 116.

He shall, at all times, keep the fleet or squadron in the most perfect condition for service that may be practicable, and shall employ for that purpose the artificers and others belonging to the vessels under his command, in aid of such other measures as may be deemed necessary.

ARTICLE 117.

Immediately before sailing for foreign service, he must cause reports to be made to the navy commissioners of the length of time for which the fleet is provided with provisions and stores; and he must, thereafter, give them such information as shall enable them to forward supplies in time to prevent the necessity of disadvantageous purchases abroad.

ARTICLE 118.

As many circumstances may arise to prevent or delay the arrival of provisions and stores upon foreign stations, the commander-inchief will strictly enjoin upon all the commanders of vessels under his command to take the greatest care of stores, and to practise the utmost frugality in their expenditure; not to apply for surveys until articles are really unfit for use, and to convert those which may be unfit for one purpose to any other for which they may answer, so that all unnecessary expense may be avoided, and the fleet or squadron be kept in order for active service, as far as practicable, should an expected arrival of provisions or stores be delayed or prevented.

ARTICLE 119.

He shall order no alteration of navy yards or vessels, without the previous consent of the Secretary of the Navy, unless in cases of pressing emergency, of which he shall give him the earliest information.

ARTICLE 120.

He shall exercise no authority in a navy yard, unless it should have been specially placed under his direction by the Secretary of the Navy.

ARTICLE 121.

He shall direct frequent examinations to be made of the hospital establishments under his command, and cause every attention to be paid to the comfort of the sick, and shall require from the examining officers written reports of their state and condition.

ARTICLE 122.

All requisitions for supplies for the vessels under his command must receive his approval, or the approval of the captain of the fleet, if one is allowed, before the articles will be furnished, unless the vessels should be separated so as to render it impracticable; and, in such cases, the requisitions must be approved by the senior officer present, and copies transmitted to the commander-in-chief of the squadron, by the earliest opportunity. The approving officer must, in all cases, satisfy himself that the articles and quantity required are necessary for the public service, or conformable to such allowances as are or shall be established.

ARTICLE 123.

He shall have no private interest in the procurement of any supplies for the public service, nor in any way interfere with their purchase, when there are proper officers appointed for that purpose, unless there should be a necessity of making use of his credit or authority for obtaining them.

ARTICLE 124.

When there is no regular agent established, he may employ one, or adopt such other measures, for the purpose of procuring supplies, as he may deem most advantageous for the United States.

ARTICLE 125.

He must exercise the fleet or squadron on all occasions, whenever circumstances will admit, in performing the various evolutions

that are essential to order and safety; and particularly those which may be necessary or useful to adopt in presence of an enemy.

ARTICLE 126.

He shall inspect the vessels under his command as frequently as he may deem necessary, and see that all proper attention is paid to order, discipline, efficiency, and cleanliness, and to the laws and regulations of the service; and he shall be careful that the ship in which he himself sails shall be a proper example to others on those subjects.

ARTICLE 127.

He shall be attentive in battle to observe the conduct of those under his command, that he may be able to correct their errors and prevent ill effects from any misconduct.

ARTICLE 128.

Should he find cause to transfer, or suspend from their stations, any officers under his command, he shall, in such case, transmit to the Secretary of the Navy, by the earliest conveyance, an account thereof, with his reasons for the same.

ARTICLE 129.

He shall make to the Secretary of the Navy semi-annual reports of the professional skill and attainments of all commanders of vessels in his squadron, and of the order and efficiency in which they keep their vessels, and quarterly reports of the number and rates of their crews, and the expiration of their service, according to such forms as may be prescribed, on the last days of March, June, September, and December.

ARTICLE 130.

He shall correspond regularly and frequently with the Secretary of the Navy, keeping him informed of his proceedings, and of the state and condition, and probable wants, of the vessels under his command, and of all other important information within his knowledge relative to the service in which he may be employed, and of any foreign naval force employed upon the station or in its vicinity